SURF 2021

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11. 2021_Lo_Amy_SURFslidedeck

Title Tesim:
2021_Lo_Amy_SURFslidedeck
Creator:
Amy Lo
Date of publication:
August 22, 2021
Abstract Tesim:
This slide deck contains Amy Lo's 2021 summer work in the Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship. Her research on comparing urban and rural NC SNAP purchase patterns is not yet finished, but primary descriptives are enclosed. Further analysis will be conducted throughout Fall 2021 and her final manuscript will be presented in Spring 2022.
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Nutrition
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/r0x6-x671
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Person:
Amy Lo
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright

12. Effect of pH on CAHS D’s Secondary Structure Using FTIR Spectroscopy

Title Tesim:
Effect of pH on CAHS D’s Secondary Structure Using FTIR Spectroscopy
Creator:
Wang,Shikun
Date of publication:
August 17, 2021
Abstract Tesim:
Tardigrades are famous for their ability to survive extreme conditions such as complete desiccation. Cytosolic abundant heat soluble proteins (CAHS), a type of tardigrade disordered protein, is essential for desiccation survival. Our Lab has found that purified CAHS D undergo gelation, which I hypothesize is stabilized by intramolecular interactions involving transient formation of secondary structure. I investigated how pH impacts the secondary structure of CAHS D. Low (10 g/L) and high (40 g/L) concentration samples of CAHS D were prepared in buffer at pH 5.5 and 8.0. Their secondary structures were measured and compared by using Attenuated Total Internal Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. CAHS D’s N-terminal region contains histidine residues, whose pKa is between 5.5 and 8.0. At pH 8, 40 g/L CAHS D has 5±1 % more α-helix, 1±1% fewer turns and loops, 3.3±1.0% less random structures, and between 0.2±0.3% and 1.2±0.9% less β-sheet than at pH 5.5. Therefore, deprotonation of histidine increases the percentage of α-helix. Understanding the structure of CAHS D gels will aid in our understanding of its function.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Chemistry
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/efq5-6m96
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Person:
Wang,Shikun
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright

13. Induced secretion of ENA-78 by synovial fibroblasts using an in vitro model of Osteoarthritis

Title Tesim:
Induced secretion of ENA-78 by synovial fibroblasts using an in vitro model of Osteoarthritis
Creator:
Ralph Alberto
Date of publication:
August 20, 2021
Abstract Tesim:
Our lab treats cells with fragments of damaged cartilage (FN-f) as way to study OA in vitro. Previously I performed an array that looks at 80 different proteins on FN-f induced synovial fibroblasts. My goal for the summer was to further investigate ENA-78 (CXCL-5) due to its ability to attract white blood cells and further intensify the inflammation seen in OA. Afterwards, I measured ENA-78 in the synovial fluid taken from patients after ACL injury.
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Thurston Arthritis Research Center
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/rjvw-f347
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Person:
Ralph Alberto
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright

14. 2021 SURF Powerpoint

Title Tesim:
2021 SURF Powerpoint
Creator:
Gupta, Marichi
Date of publication:
August 20, 2021
Abstract Tesim:
Powerpoint describing findings of SURF 2021 research, giving a non-technical description of our findings.
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Mathematics
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/1ypa-2104
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Person:
Gupta, Marichi
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright

15. In Vivo Gene Transduction via Lentiviral Retargeting System

Title Tesim:
In Vivo Gene Transduction via Lentiviral Retargeting System
Creator:
Belghith, Ahmed
Date of publication:
August 15, 2021
Abstract Tesim:
An attempt to create a lentiviral retargeting system capable of transducing various cell-types (though specifically cardiomyocytes in this context) in-vivo with great specificity. The platform would have allowed us to better understand the mechanisms of genes thought to be implicated in coronary artery disease. The system could have also been used in various other disciplines with cell-types that do not actively divide, and therefore not much is known - such as the roles neurons play and how they change with Alzheimer's progression in Neuroscience. Ideally, this system would have enabled the science community to find therapeutic targets for such devastating diseases that have few therapeutic options.
Affiliation Label Tesim:
UNC McAllister Heart Institute
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/41e8-2633
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
UNC Biology Department
Person:
Belghith, Ahmed
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright

16. 2021_Yu_Roger_SURFslidedeck

Title Tesim:
2021_Yu_Roger_SURFslidedeck
Creator:
Yu,Roger
Date of publication:
August 20, 2021
Abstract Tesim:
The best-known phenotype that correlates with seemingly unrelated airway diseases, such as COPD, asthma, and cystic fibrosis (CF), is the accumulation of thick, “sticky” mucus in the airways. Previous literature has shown1 that proper hydration of both mucus and periciliary layer (PCL) is required for efficient mucus clearance and that abnormalities in both layers are manifested in lung diseases (Fig. 1). Adherent mucus initiates inflammatory responses, airway wall damage, and serves as a growth medium for pathogenic microorganisms. Mucus is dominated by two large, heavily glycosylated mucin proteins, MUC5B and MUC5AC. It has been recently hypothesized that different airway diseases, such as chronic bronchitis and asthma have different ratios of MUC5AC to MUC5B expression. The hypothesis of this proposal that will be tested is that mucus in MUC5AC-dominated diseases clears differently from mucus in MUC5B-dominated diseases due to differences in their biophysical properties
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
School of Medicine
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/h0rv-jz54
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Person:
Yu,Roger
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright

17. Robust and High-Resolution Study of Chromatin Spatial Organization via Joint Modeling of Single Cell Imaging and Hi-C Sequencing Data

Title Tesim:
Robust and High-Resolution Study of Chromatin Spatial Organization via Joint Modeling of Single Cell Imaging and Hi-C Sequencing Data
Creator:
Ying Sun
Date of publication:
August 19, 2021
Abstract Tesim:
My research will focus on the development of statistical and computational framework that jointly models Hi-C sequencing data and single cell imaging data to study chromatin spatial organization. The ultimate goal of my project is to leverage the genome-wide Hi-C data and high-resolution single cell level imaging data to generate more robust and high-resolution inference of chromatin conformation and to gain more complete understanding of cell-type specific chromatin spatial architecture. We hypothesize that combining imaging and sequencing data will help to more accurately detect interactions between genes and their distal regulatory sequences that either regulate (including enhancing, repressing or even silence) the expression of the genes. We anticipate that the single cell imaging data with cell-type specific information will provide meaningful refinement to existing analysis done with only Hi-C sequencing data. Such refinement or resolution inference will, among others, allow us to narrow down the regulator regions and even to pinpoint to individual causal genetic variants. We leverage innovative statistical methods to effectively integrate information from both sources (detailed in Methods section below). In addition, further investigation may be done to compare different weight functions and fine tuning of parameters to optimize our proposed model
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Biostatistics
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/20r5-4c79
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Department of Genetics
Person:
Ying Sun
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright

18. Targeting Inflammation Resolution in Obesity - The Effect of SPM Supplementation on Immune Function in Individuals with Obesity

Title Tesim:
Targeting Inflammation Resolution in Obesity - The Effect of SPM Supplementation on Immune Function in Individuals with Obesity
Creator:
Regan, Jennifer
Date of publication:
August 17, 2021
Abstract Tesim:
This short PowerPoint summarizes my research conducted as a part of my 2021 Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship project. It outlines the aims, results, and significance of the project. For my independent research project, I utilized samples collected from patients enrolled in a clinical trial for Shaikh Laboratory in which patients had blood drawn prior and immediately following four weeks of supplementation with omega-3-derived molecules known as specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). From these pre- and post-supplementation samples I isolated immune B cells and cultured them with chemicals to simulate infection in order to compare immune function before and after supplementation by measuring antibody levels.
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/7cr6-3g09
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Person:
Regan, Jennifer
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright

19. 2021 SURF Slides: ANALYZING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONCENTRATED ANIMAL FEEDING OPERATIONS (CAFOS) AND HEAVY METAL CONTENT IN NORTH CAROLINA DRINKING WATER

Title Tesim:
2021 SURF Slides: ANALYZING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONCENTRATED ANIMAL FEEDING OPERATIONS (CAFOS) AND HEAVY METAL CONTENT IN NORTH CAROLINA DRINKING WATER
Creator:
Kent, Chloe
Date of publication:
May 3, 2021
Abstract Tesim:
This study aims to evaluate the extent to which treated North Carolina drinking water is contaminated with waste originating from Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO) lagoons. Through this project a profile of six heavy metals associated with CAFO pollution was developed for nine different North Carolina River Basins. The mean values of heavy metal concentrations in parts per billion were calculated for each basin, then contrasted with the number of CAFOs per square kilometer in each basin. Arsenic concentrations had a significant positive correlation (R^2 = 0.5131) with proportion of CAFOs even in treated drinking water. Other heavy metals did not have significant correlations with proportion of CAFOs in treated drinking water. All heavy metal concentrations were below the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations set by the Environmental Protection Agency.
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Geological Sciences
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/8fqa-dt15
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Person:
Kent, Chloe
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright

20. Development of Point-of-Care Diagnostic Tool for Human Brucellosis - SURF Spring 2021

Title Tesim:
Development of Point-of-Care Diagnostic Tool for Human Brucellosis - SURF Spring 2021
Creator:
Iyamu, Osahon
Date of publication:
May 6, 2021
Abstract Tesim:
Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the gram-negative bacteria of the genus Brucella. This infectious disease has a tremendous economic and social impact in regions in central Africa. An estimated $500 million to $1 billion USD income potential could be generated in central Africa if the disease is eradicated. Brucellosis infections can cause symptoms such as spontaneous abortions, chronic infection, coughing, muscle pain, fevers, and many other peripheral organ complications. Despite these pervasive issues caused by the disease, challenges remain for its diagnosis. Not only is it difficult to differentiate the symptoms from other infectious diseases like malaria, but common means for diagnosing Brucellosis are also both impractical and nonspecific. These concerns necessitate the creation of a new cost-effective, sensitive, specific, and user-friendly approach to diagnosing Brucellosis. Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) is an isothermal DNA amplification technique that utilizes single-stranded binding proteins (SSBs), primers, and oligonucleotides to generate amplified DNA in under 30 minutes. RPA used in conjunction with lateral flow (LF) platforms creates an effective means for detecting nucleic acids in comparison to other methods. In this study, we designed and optimized a Brucella RPA-LF assay to target the most common bacterial strains observed in human Brucellosis. The assay appears to have a lower limit of detection of 1.37 genomes by probit analysis and demonstrates high specificity for Brucella strains. Future directions will look at other methods for extracting DNA necessary to run the RPA-LF assay and implementing the diagnostic test in southwestern rural Uganda to clinically validate the assay.
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/kybb-ve21
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry
Person:
Iyamu, Osahon
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright