UNC-Chapel Hill Coronavirus Research // Carolina Digital Repository

Works (1035)

1021. The Impact of the MERS Outbreak in Daily Lives: Sentiment Analysis of Korean Tweets using Time-series Methods

Title Tesim:: The Impact of the MERS Outbreak in Daily Lives: Sentiment Analysis of Korean Tweets using Time-series Methods
Creator:: An, Yongsu
Date Created:: April 14, 2016
Date of publication:: May 2016
Abstract Tesim:: This study examines the correlation between sentiments in tweets and the number of passengers in the subway as the social index during the MERS outbreak in South Korea. The observation that motivated this study in the social context was that people tended to avoid their social lives outdoors by the fear of being infected during the situation. Two time-series datasets were processed for the purpose of getting rid of seasonal patterns. The result showed that they are correlated with each other with 169 hours. It indicates that the sentiments in social media can be a good way of mirroring people's behaviors ahead of time.
Resource type:: Masters Paper
Affiliation Label Tesim:: School of Information and Library Science
Degree:: Master of Science in Information Science
Degree Granting Institution:: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Deposit Record:: 0864df59-9813-419f-a0cd-49ac86828a0e
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/g2zg-gp63
Extent:: 35
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Person:: Arguello, Jaime and An, Yongsu
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright
Subject:: Text mining, Sentiment analysis, and Time series analysis

1022. Effect of Respiratory Viral Panel Testing on Antibiotic Use and Antimicrobial Resistance in Adults: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies

Title Tesim:: Effect of Respiratory Viral Panel Testing on Antibiotic Use and Antimicrobial Resistance in Adults: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies
Creator:: Woodhouse, Will
Date Created:: July 18, 2018
Date of publication:: July 2018
Abstract Tesim:: Background: Antibiotic stewardship efforts often support the use of viral diagnostics to distinguish viral from bacterial in respiratory infections. However, the utility of respiratory viral panels to identify a broad spectrum of viral pathogens and reduce unnecessary antibiotic consumption is unclear. This review systematically examined studies of these molecular diagnostics to evaluate the current evidence for their use in stewardship efforts.Methods: I conducted a search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and ClincalTrials.gov. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies that examined the effect of respiratory viral panels (concurrently examining >3 viral pathogens) for adults on changes in antibiotic prescribing habits, antimicrobial resistance patterns, or economic outcomes.Results: I included eight studies, six randomized controlled trials and two prospective cohort studies. Studies were mostly low to moderate quality. Four studies showed some small changes in antibiotic use, but effects were inconsistent and not sustained. Four studies failed to show any reductions in inappropriate antibiotic utilization at all. No studies reported data on changes in antimicrobial resistance patterns and only two reported cost data.Conclusions: Insufficient evidence exists to recommend respiratory viral panel testing as a tool to reduce unnecessary antibiotic exposure and combat antimicrobial resistance. A large multi-center randomized controlled trial with blinding and concurrent cost and resistance analysis would be required. However, future stewardship research efforts should focus on the decision-making inputs providers use and study diagnostics that more closely match these inputs.
Resource type:: Masters Paper
Academic Concentration:: Public Health
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Public Health Leadership Program
Degree:: Master of Public Health
Degree Granting Institution:: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Deposit Record:: 067cb43c-1a86-48e2-97d6-7c33222d87a6
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/p7as-q109
Graduation Year:: 2018
Keyword:: antibiotic utilization, metapneumovirus, URI, antibiotic resistance, antibiotic, respiratory viral panel, LRTI, coronavirus, Systematic review, multiplex, molecular diagnostic testing, influenza, antimicrobials, procalcitonin, respiratory viruses, respiratory virus, antimicrobial resistance, respiratory syncytial virus, respiratory PCR, rapid diagnostic test, respiratory pathogen panel, antibiotic overuse, Covidence, respiratory viral testing, point of care diagnostic, adenovirus, respiratory tract infection, stewardship, broad pathogen test, URTI, and antibiotics
Language Label:: English
Note:: Paper type: Systematic review and Track: HC&P
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Person:: Tolleson-Rinehart, Sue, Willis, Zachary, and Woodhouse, Will
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright

1023. Effectiveness of Personal Protective Equipment and Isolation Precautions in Protecting Healthcare Workers from Acquiring Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

Title Tesim:: Effectiveness of Personal Protective Equipment and Isolation Precautions in Protecting Healthcare Workers from Acquiring Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Creator:: Nyquist, Robert A., D.V.M.
Date Created:: March 17, 2015
Date of publication:: May 2005
Abstract Tesim:: The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syudrome (SARS) was notable for its transmission within healthcare facilities, and in particular for infecting healthcare workers (HCWs) who provided direct patient care. This paper focuses on assessing the risk factors related to HCW s acquiring SARS and the effectiveness of infection control measures in protecting HCWs from disease transmission while caring for SARS infected patients. Risk factors associated with SARS transmission include contact with respiratory secretions, exposure to aerosol generating procedures, duration of exposure to SARS patients, duration of infection control training, and perceived inadequacy of personal protective equipment supply. Protective factors associated with SARS transmission include wearing of a mask and hand hygiene. In order to improve hospital preparedness for possible future disease outbreaks, efforts in enhancing infection control training must be a priority. Standardizing and improving the quality of research conducted in the face of a disease outbreak is another area deserving of attention.
Resource type:: Masters Paper
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Public Health Leadership Program
Degree:: Master of Public Health
Degree Granting Institution:: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Deposit Record:: 564d1737-ca9b-4211-9c3e-c1926665c3df
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/kk8f-db83
Graduation Year:: 2005
Language Label:: English
Note:: Paper type: Research or research design
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Person:: Nyquist, Robert A., D.V.M.
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright

1024. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS): A Global Impact

Title Tesim:: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS): A Global Impact
Creator:: Smith, Wanda B.
Date Created:: March 17, 2015
Date of publication:: May 2004
Abstract Tesim:: On March 12, 2003, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a global alert for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). This is a deadly infectious disease with a rapid onset that is spread by person-to-person contact. WHO and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) immediately started an intense coordinated investigation that resulted in the identification of the SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) as the causative agent (CDC, 2003a). By the time this outbreak was brought to an end, more than 8,000 cases and 780 deaths had been reported (CDC, 2004b). Numerous workers in the healthcare industry, laboratories, universities, and airports were among the morbidity and mortality statistics. As a result, occupational health professionals have been reminded of the necessity to develop policies and procedures to ensure surveillance, prompt recognition of infectious illnesses, immediate treatment, and protection of the workforce. The SARS outbreak illustrated the potential for a new disease to emerge and spread quickly in today's global economy where there is daily international travel and interaction. The emergence of SARS also allowed the world to see that traditional public health measures to control disease spread, including surveillance, infection control, isolation, and quarantine are productive and effective. It also demonstrated the necessity of preplanning for such disease outbreaks. The role of occupational and environmental health nurses was expanded to include more surveillance for the re-emergence of SARS or the emergence of new infectious diseases this year or next. The American Association of Occupational Health Nurses (AAOHN) has assumed a leadership role in monitoring the emerging infectious diseases and issuing information to its members. WHO and CDC continue to be global leaders in the efforts to quickly identify newly emerging infectious diseases and find a vaccine for those infectious diseases already identified. Many other professional organizations are working to promote research in the field of infectious respiratory diseases.
Resource type:: Masters Paper
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Public Health Leadership Program
Degree:: Master of Public Health
Degree Granting Institution:: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Deposit Record:: 564d1737-ca9b-4211-9c3e-c1926665c3df
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/4bdz-9y82
Graduation Year:: 2004
Language Label:: English
Note:: Track: HC&P and Paper type: Research or research design
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Person:: Randolph, Susan, Ostendorf, Judith, and Smith, Wanda B.
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright

1025. A Partnership for Global Health: Expanding Curriculum and Research in Global Health at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Title Tesim:: A Partnership for Global Health: Expanding Curriculum and Research in Global Health at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Creator:: Van Vliet, Gretchen L.
Date Created:: March 17, 2015
Date of publication:: May 2006
Abstract Tesim:: In a world where nations and economies are increasingly interdependentwhether through the continuing globalization of the economy, ongoing demographic changes, or the rapidly rising costs of health care in various countries- ill health in any population affects all people. It is important that all healthcare students -from public health, dentistry, pharmacy, nursing and medicine- as well as students from the Arts and Sciences, law, business, and journalism, learn about global health. Work with immigrants in health agencies to work in a business based in Singapore, people must understand the complexity and origins as well as the cultural implications of diseases like SARS and Avian Flu and issues such as bioterrorism. The UNC Partnership in Global Health is an NIH-funded, university-wide initiative that expands global health teaching and research across the campus in an interdisciplinary manner for both faculty and students. Three goals drive the Partnership: Goal 1: Develop university-wide global health curricula for undergraduate and graduate students and develop new multidisciplinary courses; Goal 2: Create an administrative framework to coordinate global health activities across UNC; Goal 3: Support and expand research endeavors and strengthen the curricula in global health through key supporting activities. These goals encompass a variety of activities, including curriculum and research opportunities, seminars and travel, and central facilitation of global health activities at UNC. The Partnership addresses the need for students and faculty to understand the context of health in a global society.
Resource type:: Masters Paper
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Public Health Leadership Program
Degree:: Master of Public Health
Degree Granting Institution:: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Deposit Record:: 564d1737-ca9b-4211-9c3e-c1926665c3df
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/ej77-4f31
Graduation Year:: 2006
Language Label:: English
Note:: Paper type: Research or research design
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Person:: Williamson, William and Van Vliet, Gretchen L.
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright

1026. The effect of inhibition of PP1 and TNFα signaling on pathogenesis of SARS coronavirus

Title Tesim:: The effect of inhibition of PP1 and TNFα signaling on pathogenesis of SARS coronavirus
Creator:: Josset, Laurence, Fan, Shufang, Mitchell, Hugh D, Waters, Katrina M, McDermott, Jason E, Schäfer, Alexandra, Tilton, Susan C, Eisfeld, Amie J, Katze, Michael G, Gralinski, Lisa E, McWeeney, Shannon, Baric, Ralph S., Li, Chengjun, Neumann, Gabriele, and Bankhead, Armand
Date Created:: September 30, 2016
Date of publication:: September 23, 2016
Abstract Tesim:: Abstract Background The complex interplay between viral replication and host immune response during infection remains poorly understood. While many viruses are known to employ anti-immune strategies to facilitate their replication, highly pathogenic virus infections can also cause an excessive immune response that exacerbates, rather than reduces pathogenicity. To investigate this dichotomy in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), we developed a transcriptional network model of SARS-CoV infection in mice and used the model to prioritize candidate regulatory targets for further investigation. Results We validated our predictions in 18 different knockout (KO) mouse strains, showing that network topology provides significant predictive power to identify genes that are important for viral infection. We identified a novel player in the immune response to virus infection, Kepi, an inhibitory subunit of the protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) complex, which protects against SARS-CoV pathogenesis. We also found that receptors for the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) promote pathogenesis, presumably through excessive inflammation. Conclusions The current study provides validation of network modeling approaches for identifying important players in virus infection pathogenesis, and a step forward in understanding the host response to an important infectious disease. The results presented here suggest the role of Kepi in the host response to SARS-CoV, as well as inflammatory activity driving pathogenesis through TNFα signaling in SARS-CoV infections. Though we have reported the utility of this approach in bacterial and cell culture studies previously, this is the first comprehensive study to confirm that network topology can be used to predict phenotypes in mice with experimental validation.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Department of Epidemiology and Department of Microbiology and Immunology
Bibliographic Citation:: BMC Systems Biology. 2016 Sep 23;10(1):93
Deposit Record:: 5a042c36-a05f-4c3f-a438-8782fcfc732c
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/zw07-vm68
Identifier:: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12918-016-0336-6
Journal Title:: BMC Systems Biology
Journal Volume:: 10
Language Label:: English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:: University of Washington, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, , and Oregon Health and Science University
Person:: Josset, Laurence, Fan, Shufang, Mitchell, Hugh D, Waters, Katrina M, McDermott, Jason E, Schäfer, Alexandra, Tilton, Susan C, Eisfeld, Amie J, Katze, Michael G, Gralinski, Lisa E, McWeeney, Shannon, Baric, Ralph S., Li, Chengjun, Neumann, Gabriele, and Bankhead, Armand
Publisher:: BioMed Central
Rights Holder:: The Author(s).
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright
Source:: v118rg811

1027. Cytokine systems approach demonstrates differences in innate and pro-inflammatory host responses between genetically distinct MERS-CoV isolates

Title Tesim:: Cytokine systems approach demonstrates differences in innate and pro-inflammatory host responses between genetically distinct MERS-CoV isolates
Creator:: Selinger, Christian, Tisoncik-Go, Jennifer, Agnihothram, Sudhakar, Sova, Pavel, Katze, Michael G, Baric, Ralph S., Law, G L, Menachery, Vineet D, Kelly, Sara M, and Chang, Jean
Date Created:: September 22, 2015
Date of publication:: December 22, 2014
Abstract Tesim:: Background The recent emergence of a novel coronavirus in the Middle East (designated MERS-CoV) is a reminder of the zoonotic and pathogenic potential of emerging coronaviruses in humans. Clinical features of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) include atypical pneumonia and progressive respiratory failure that is highly reminiscent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused by SARS-CoV. The host response is a key component of highly pathogenic respiratory virus infection. Here, we computationally analyzed gene expression changes in a human airway epithelial cell line infected with two genetically distinct MERS-CoV strains obtained from human patients, MERS-CoV SA 1 and MERS-CoV Eng 1. Results Using topological techniques, including persistence homology and filtered clustering, we performed a comparative transcriptional analysis of human Calu-3 cell host responses to the different MERS-CoV strains, with MERS-CoV Eng 1 inducing early kinetic changes, between 3 and 12 hours post infection, compared to MERS-CoV SA 1. Robust transcriptional changes distinguished the two MERS-CoV strains predominantly at the late time points. Combining statistical analysis of infection and cytokine-stimulated Calu-3 transcriptomics, we identified differential innate responses, including up-regulation of extracellular remodeling genes following MERS-CoV Eng 1 infection and differential pro-inflammatory responses. Conclusions Through our genomics-based approach, we found topological differences in the kinetics and magnitude of the host response to MERS-CoV SA 1 and MERS-CoV Eng 1, with differential expression of innate immune and pro-inflammatory responsive genes as a result of IFN, TNF and IL-1α signaling. Predicted activation for STAT3 mediating gene expression relevant for epithelial cell-to-cell adherens and junction signaling in MERS-CoV Eng 1 infection suggest that these transcriptional differences may be the result of amino acid differences in viral proteins known to modulate innate immunity during MERS-CoV infection.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Department of Epidemiology
Bibliographic Citation:: BMC Genomics. 2014 Dec 22;15(1):1161
Deposit Record:: 2d21e90b-a4a2-4d1e-bebc-1ea8ae95af81
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/r13k-ms66
Identifier:: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-15-1161
Journal Issue:: 1
Journal Title:: BMC Genomics
Journal Volume:: 15
Language Label:: English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:: University of Washington and
Person:: Selinger, Christian, Tisoncik-Go, Jennifer, Agnihothram, Sudhakar, Sova, Pavel, Katze, Michael G, Baric, Ralph S., Law, G L, Menachery, Vineet D, Kelly, Sara M, and Chang, Jean
Publisher:: BioMed Central
Rights Holder:: Selinger et al.; licensee BioMed Central.
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright
Source:: 8s45qc171

1028. Inactivation of Surrogate Coronaviruses on Hard Surfaces by Healthcare Germicides

Title Tesim:: Inactivation of Surrogate Coronaviruses on Hard Surfaces by Healthcare Germicides
Creator:: Hulkower, Rachel
Date Created:: June 30, 2016
Date of publication:: August 2008
Abstract Tesim:: The SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) was identified as the cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) following the worldwide 2003 outbreak. The spread of SARS in healthcare settings and the presence of SARS CoV nucleic acids on hospital surfaces in outbreak settings suggest that surfaces could potentially play a role in the spread of SARS in healthcare environments. Disinfection of hospital surfaces may interrupt virus transmission, but there are little data on the effectiveness of germicides commonly used in healthcare against corona viruses on surfaces. The goal of this research was to test the efficacy of six standard healthcare germicides for inactivation of surrogate corona viruses on environmental surfaces. The germicides tested were (1) Steris Vesphene® IIse Non-sterile Disinfectant Cleaner (9.09% o-phenylphenol, 7.66% p-tertiary amylphenol), (2) 70% ethanol, (3) chlorine bleach (6.0% sodium hypochlorite), (4) Cidex® OPA (ortho-phthalaldehyde), (5) Purell® Instant Hand Sanitizer (62% ethanol), (6) Clorox® Anywhere Hand Sanitizing Spray (71% ethanol). These were tested for virucidal activity against two surrogate coronaviruses, Mouse Hepatitis Virus (MHV) and Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus (TGEV). MHV and TGEV were dried onto stainless steel surfaces, exposed to a germicide at its use dilution for one-minute contact time, and assayed for infectivity in cell culture. For TGEV, log[10] infectivity reductions were: 70% ethanol=3.2; phenolic=2.0; Cidex OPA=2.3; 1:100 chlorine bleach=0.35; 62% ethanol=4.0; and 71% ethanol=3.5. For MHV, they were: 70% ethanol=3.9; phenolic,=1.3; Cidex OPA=1.7; 1:100 chlorine bleach=0.62; 62% ethanol=2.7; and 71% ethanol=2.0. Of the healthcare germicides tested, only the ethanol effectively reduced infectivity of the two coronaviruses by >3 log[10] after an exposure time of one minute. Cidex OPA was somewhat effective, with >2 log[10] reduction, and 1:100 chlorine bleach was ineffective, with <1 log[10] reduction. MHV and TGEV were reduced to a similar extent (within 0.5 log[10]) by the germicide tested. The results of this study suggest the need for care in choosing effective germicides against viruses like SARS CoV.
Resource type:: Masters Paper
Academic Concentration:: Environmental Health Sciences
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering
Degree:: Master of Science in Public Health
Degree Granting Institution:: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Deposit Record:: e00f1df6-6c31-41ba-867b-150d86a8c8cb
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/73wp-bk25
Graduation Year:: 2008
Language Label:: English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Person:: Sobsey, Mark, Rutala, William, Ball, Louise, and Hulkower, Rachel
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright

1029. Computational and Molecular Biology Approaches to Viral Replication and Pathogenesis

Title Tesim:: Computational and Molecular Biology Approaches to Viral Replication and Pathogenesis
Creator:: Donaldson, Eric F.
Date Created:: October 19, 2010
Date of publication:: May 2008
Abstract Tesim:: The primary objective of this dissertation was to combine the power of bioinformatics with synthetic genomics, reverse genetics, and molecular genetic approaches to generate a platform technology, with which to empirically test well-informed hypotheses towards understanding complex mechanisms of viral pathogenesis and replication. This integrative strategy was used to: 1) identify unique sequence signatures that were associated with aberrant or altered gene function, focusing on replicase and structural proteins of the Coronavirus family and the capsid protein of the Norovirus family; 2) use these sequence signatures to generate hypotheses and predictions about gene function or evolution; and then 3) empirically test these models using reverse genetics, synthetic biology, molecular genetics, and biochemistry in the laboratory setting. Applying this integrative strategy allowed us to generate three informative models. First, we generated an informative model for the pleiotropic role of a Coronavirus non-structural protein 10 in replication and proteolytic processing, by demonstrating that this protein regulates RNA transcription during replication, in addition to an essential role in polyprotein processing. Second, we demonstrated that the receptor-binding domain of the Coronavirus spike protein is the minimal domain requiring adaptation for host range switching, which helps explain the evolutionary epidemiology of SARS-CoV emergence from zoonotic reservoirs. And finally, we generated an informative model for the molecular mechanisms governing the persistence of the GII.4 noroviruses in human populations, whereby we demonstrated that these viruses persist by evolving unique epitopes on the capsid protein surface to circumvent herd immunity and mediate receptor switching.
Resource type:: Dissertation
Access Right:: Open access
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Department of Microbiology and Immunology
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/2cnq-4216
Language Label:: English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Person:: Baric, Ralph S. and Donaldson, Eric F.
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright

1030. Survival and transmission of coronaviruses in the healthcare environment

Title Tesim:: Survival and transmission of coronaviruses in the healthcare environment
Creator:: Casanova, Lisa Marie
Date Created:: October 11, 2010
Date of publication:: August 2008
Abstract Tesim:: The need for a comprehensive understanding of the routes by which viruses can spread in healthcare environments and the measures needed to prevent transmission has taken on particular urgency since the advent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). First emerging in 2003, this newly discovered coronavirus infection spread through 26 countries, with over 8000 cases and 700 deaths. One of the striking features of the SARS outbreak was its spread in healthcare facilities, resulting in transmission to patients, visitors, and healthcare workers (HCWs). Evidence suggests that in addition to droplets and aerosols, environmental surfaces, including protective equipment worn by healthcare workers, may serve as vehicles for transmission of SARS-CoV in the healthcare environment. However, there are significant gaps in our knowledge of how coronaviruses survive on inanimate surfaces and objects, including personal protective equipment (PPE) items, found in healthcare environments. To fill these crucial knowledge gaps, this research was undertaken to better understand risks of viral contamination during PPE removal and the effects of temperature and humidity on the survival of coronaviruses on surfaces found in healthcare environments. These studies showed that currently recommended methods for removal of healthcare PPE are insufficient to protect HCWs from viral contamination during PPE removal, and that potential alternative methods for PPE removal should be developed and validated. Viral survival studies using human and animal coronaviruses as potential surrogates for SARS coronavirus show that if deposited in high numbers, coronaviruses dried onto surfaces may survive for days at temperatures and humidity levels found in healthcare environments. These viruses may also survive on materials used to make PPE long enough to pose a transmission risk. These findings suggest other members of the coronavirus family could serve as conservative surrogates for modeling the risk of indirect personal contact and environmental transmission of SARS by healthcare surfaces and PPE items, and can be used in studies to determine ways to interrupt this route of exposure and reduce the risk of disease transmission.
Resource type:: Dissertation
Access Right:: Open access
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering
Degree Granting Institution:: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/168p-yr23
Language Label:: English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Person:: Sobsey, Mark and Casanova, Lisa Marie
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright

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