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UNC-authored articles published by Frontiers
Works (775)
121. Mindshift in autism: a call to professionals in research, clinical, and educational settings
- Title Tesim:
- Mindshift in autism: a call to professionals in research, clinical, and educational settings
- Creator:
- Jones, Desiree R., Nicolaidis, Christina, Waisman, T. C., McVey, Alana J., Raymaker, Dora M., and Maddox, Brenna B.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Autistic people often have poor outcomes over the life course, including in health, education, employment, and community inclusion. Many professionals working with Autistic adults in research, clinical, and educational settings devote their careers to trying to improve such outcomes. However, we maintain that real progress cannot happen without a fundamental mindshift. The status quo for professionals is to view autism as an illness. Instead, the neurodiversity movement encourages us to value and embrace autism as an aspect of human diversity and asks us to view Autistic people as a marginalized group that experiences significant disparities. While some professionals may be adopting language and concepts from the neurodiversity movement, we argue that making this mindshift fundamentally changes our practice across research, clinical, and educational settings. In this perspective, we call on professionals to embrace this mindshift to reduce discrimination and stigma, halt the spread of harmful ideologies, and help Autistic adults live fulfilling lives.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Psychiatry
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/ej7e-aj58
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1251058
- ISSN:
- 1664-0640
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Psychiatry
- Keyword:
- neurodiversity, disability justice, stigma, discrimination, and autism
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- University of Texas at Dallas, Portland State University, Autism Training Academy, University of Washington, and
- Person:
- Jones, Desiree R., Nicolaidis, Christina, Waisman, T. C., McVey, Alana J., Raymaker, Dora M., and Maddox, Brenna B.
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media SA
- Source:
- d4a60ea6-50ed-44f5-890e-af39380ee950
122. Male partners’ support and influence on pregnant women’s oral PrEP use and adherence in Malawi
- Title Tesim:
- Male partners’ support and influence on pregnant women’s oral PrEP use and adherence in Malawi
- Creator:
- Young A.M., Chi B.H., Tseka J., Hill L.M., Pearce L.D., Mutale W., Maman S., Golin C.E., Bula A., Saidi F., Mmodzi P., and Phanga T.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Introduction: Daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a safe and effective HIV prevention method for pregnant and postpartum women, but adherence barriers exist. Understanding the role of male partners in supporting PrEP use may inform strategies to support PrEP adherence among pregnant and breastfeeding women. Methods: To understand male partners’ involvement in women's use of PrEP, we conducted in-depth interviews with pregnant women in Lilongwe, Malawi who had recently decided to use PrEP (n = 30) and their male partners (n = 20) in the context of a PrEP adherence trial. Women were purposively recruited to ensure variation in their partners’ HIV status. Interviews were conducted in Chichewa using a semistructured guide. We followed a thematic approach to analyze the interview data. Results: Most male partners were receptive to women using PrEP during pregnancy because it eased their fears of the woman and baby acquiring HIV. Men often played a key role in women's PrEP adherence by providing daily reminders and encouragement to adhere to their medication. The majority of women appreciated this support from the men as it lessened the burden of remembering to take their medications daily on their own and aided their adherence. However, several women who lacked male partner support spoke of wanting their partners to be more involved. Many men living with HIV found the mutual support beneficial for their antiretroviral therapy adherence, while men without HIV or with status unknown appreciated knowing that the family was protected. While most men were open to women continuing PrEP beyond the current study, some would only support it if women were still at risk for acquiring HIV. Conclusion: In this study, male partners were strongly motivated to support the PrEP adherence of their female partners as a way of ensuring that the pregnant women and unborn babies were protected against HIV. Promoting disclosure and tangible support that arises organically among men may be helpful, but programs to enhance this support and identify ways to support women who do not receive support from their partners or do not wish to disclose their PrEP use to partners may be needed. 2023 Young, Saidi, Phanga, Tseka, Bula, Mmodzi, Pearce, Maman, Golin, Mutale, Chi and Hill.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UNC Project-Malawi, Department of Health Behavior, and Department of Sociology
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/ef4w-z182
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/frph.2023.1206075
- ISSN:
- 2673-3153
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Reproductive Health
- Journal Volume:
- 5
- Keyword:
- pregnant and breastfeeding women, Malawi, HIV, social support, PrEP, and male partners
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- and University of Zambia
- Person:
- Young A.M., Chi B.H., Tseka J., Hill L.M., Pearce L.D., Mutale W., Maman S., Golin C.E., Bula A., Saidi F., Mmodzi P., and Phanga T.
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media SA
- Source:
- ab3ed089-322e-4741-bd1b-b5880fb15a41
123. Infant antibody and B-cell responses following confirmed pediatric GII.17 norovirus infections functionally distinguish GII.17 genetic clusters
- Title Tesim:
- Infant antibody and B-cell responses following confirmed pediatric GII.17 norovirus infections functionally distinguish GII.17 genetic clusters
- Creator:
- Baric, Ralph S., Brewer-Jensen, Paul D., Gonzalez, Fredman, Reyes, Yaoska, Vinjé, Jan, Lindesmith, Lisa C., Montmayeur, Anna M., Costantini, Verónica P., Averill, April M., Bucardo, Filemon, May, Samantha, Mallory, Michael L., Diehl, Sean A., Becker-Dreps, Sylvia, McElvany, Benjamin D., Zepeda, Omar, and Strother, Camilla A.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Genogroup II (GII) noroviruses are a major cause of diarrheal disease burden in children in both high- and low-income countries. GII.17 noroviruses are composed of distinct genetic clusters (I, II, IIIa, and IIIb) and have shown potential for replacing historically more prevalent GII.4 strains, but the serological basis for GII.17 antigenic diversity has not been studied in children. Utilizing samples from a birth cohort, we investigated antibody and B-cell responses to GII.17 cluster variants in confirmed GII.17 infections in young children as well as demonstrated that the distinct genetic clusters co-circulate. Polyclonal serum antibodies bound multiple clusters but showed cluster-specific blockade activity in a surrogate virus neutralization assay. Antibodies secreted by immortalized memory B cells (MBCs) from an infant GII.17 case were highly specific to GII.17 and exhibited blockade activity against this genotype. We isolated an MBC-derived GII.17-specific Immunoglobulin A (IgA) monoclonal antibody called NVA.1 that potently and selectively blocked GII.17 cluster IIIb and recognized an epitope targeted in serum from cluster IIIb–infected children. These data indicate that multiple antigenically distinct GII.17 variants co-circulate in young children, suggesting retention of cluster diversity alongside potential for immune escape given the existence of antibody-defined cluster-specific epitopes elicited during infection.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Epidemiology
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/7seq-4x32
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1229724
- ISSN:
- 1664-3224
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Journal Volume:
- 10
- Keyword:
- memory B cells, blockade antibody, variants of concern, children, human monoclonal antibodies, norovirus, and GII.17
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- , National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and University of Vermont
- Person:
- Baric, Ralph S., Brewer-Jensen, Paul D., Gonzalez, Fredman, Reyes, Yaoska, Vinjé, Jan, Lindesmith, Lisa C., Montmayeur, Anna M., Costantini, Verónica P., Averill, April M., Bucardo, Filemon, May, Samantha, Mallory, Michael L., Diehl, Sean A., Becker-Dreps, Sylvia, McElvany, Benjamin D., Zepeda, Omar, and Strother, Camilla A.
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media SA
- Source:
- 414b33ac-87ac-4d57-84ec-161c6f76712d
124. Environmental carcinogens disproportionally mutate genes implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders
- Title Tesim:
- Environmental carcinogens disproportionally mutate genes implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders
- Creator:
- McLarnan S.M., Zhang S., Baker B.H., Pearson B.L., Simon J.M., and Chung W.K.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Introduction: De novo mutations contribute to a large proportion of sporadic psychiatric and developmental disorders, yet the potential role of environmental carcinogens as drivers of causal de novo mutations in neurodevelopmental disorders is poorly studied. Methods: To explore environmental mutation vulnerability of disease-associated gene sets, we analyzed publicly available whole genome sequencing datasets of mutations in human induced pluripotent stem cell clonal lines exposed to 12 classes of environmental carcinogens, and human lung cancers from individuals living in highly polluted regions. We compared observed rates of exposure-induced mutations in disease-related gene sets with the expected rates of mutations based on control genes randomly sampled from the genome using exact binomial tests. To explore the role of sequence characteristics in mutation vulnerability, we modeled the effects of sequence length, gene expression, and percent GC content on mutation rates of entire genes and gene coding sequences using multivariate Quasi-Poisson regressions. Results: We demonstrate that several mutagens, including radiation and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, disproportionately mutate genes related to neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Other disease genes including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, congenital heart disease, orofacial clefts, and coronary artery disease were generally not mutated more than expected. Longer sequence length was more strongly associated with elevated mutations in entire genes compared with mutations in coding sequences. Increased expression was associated with decreased coding sequence mutation rate, but not with the mutability of entire genes. Increased GC content was associated with increased coding sequence mutation rates but decreased mutation rates in entire genes. Discussion: Our findings support the possibility that neurodevelopmental disorder genetic etiology is partially driven by a contribution of environment-induced germ line and somatic mutations.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Genetics
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/ddh0-kr31
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1106573
- ISSN:
- 1662-4548
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Neuroscience
- Journal Volume:
- 17
- Keyword:
- carcinogen, autism, neurodevelopmental disorders, de novo mutation, somatic mutation, and mutagenesis
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- Columbia University and
- Person:
- McLarnan S.M., Zhang S., Baker B.H., Pearson B.L., Simon J.M., and Chung W.K.
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media SA
- Source:
- 26e2514d-f5bf-4f86-992a-021e70ad79b9
125. Efficacy of social cognition and interaction training in outpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: randomized controlled trial
- Title Tesim:
- Efficacy of social cognition and interaction training in outpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: randomized controlled trial
- Creator:
- Davidson C.A., Roberts D.L., Fiszdon J.M., Penn D.L., Dixon H.D., and Bell M.D.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Given the relationship between social cognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia, a number of social cognitive interventions have been developed, including Social Cognition Interaction Training (SCIT), a group-based, comprehensive, manualized intervention. In the current trial, we examined SCIT efficacy as well as potential moderators of treatment effects. Fifty-one outpatients were randomized to SCIT or a wait-list-control (WLC), with assessments of social cognition, neurocognition, self-report, symptoms, and functioning conducted at baseline and end of the active phase. Relative to WLC, we did not find significant improvements for SCIT on neurocognition, social cognition, self-report, or symptoms, though there was a trend-level, medium effect favoring the SCIT condition on interpersonal and instrumental role function. Post-hoc analyses indicated that baseline neurocognition did not impact degree of social cognitive or functional change. Shorter duration of illness was significantly associated with better post-training neurocognition and self-esteem and, at trend-level with better symptoms and social functioning. We discuss the importance of outcome measure selection and the need for continued evaluation of potential treatment moderators in order to better match people to existing treatments. Clinical trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, Identifier NCT00587561.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/dk3n-q982
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1217735
- ISSN:
- 1664-0640
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Psychiatry
- Journal Volume:
- 14
- Keyword:
- training, psychosis, rehabilitation, social cognition, schizophrenia, and randomized controlled trial
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- Emory University, University of Texas Health Science Center, Yale University, , and Mercer University
- Person:
- Davidson C.A., Roberts D.L., Fiszdon J.M., Penn D.L., Dixon H.D., and Bell M.D.
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media SA
- Source:
- 33dd0b9c-03ac-45d0-b5c3-adce27721f5c
126. Editorial: Advances in brain imaging and stimulation methods for cognitive function investigation
- Title Tesim:
- Editorial: Advances in brain imaging and stimulation methods for cognitive function investigation
- Creator:
- Yuan, Zhen, Palm, Ulrich, Boettiger, Charlotte A., and Assenza, Giovanni
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- The Research Topic “Advances in brain imaging and stimulation methods for cognitive function investigation” gathers basic research and clinical results of experimental brain imaging and stimulation techniques which are used to investigate mechanisms of cognitive function and dysfunction.
- Resource type:
- Article
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/pk3z-a082
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2023.1280782
- ISSN:
- 1662-5161
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
- Journal Volume:
- 14
- Keyword:
- brain stimulation, neuropsychology, clinical application, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and brain imaging
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- University of Macau, Klinikum der Universität München, , and University of Rome
- Person:
- Yuan, Zhen, Palm, Ulrich, Boettiger, Charlotte A., and Assenza, Giovanni
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media SA
- Source:
- 972d5cf6-a79f-40b7-9239-36f20d5ee81b
127. Cognitive phenotypes in late-onset epilepsy: results from the atherosclerosis risk in communities study
- Title Tesim:
- Cognitive phenotypes in late-onset epilepsy: results from the atherosclerosis risk in communities study
- Creator:
- Schneider, Andrea L. C., Reyes, Anny, McDonald, Carrie R., Johnson, Emily L., Gottesman, Rebecca F., and Kucharska-Newton, Anna M.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Introduction Cognitive phenotyping is a widely used approach to characterize the heterogeneity of deficits in patients with a range of neurological disorders but has only recently been applied to patients with epilepsy. In this study, we identify cognitive phenotypes in older adults with late-onset epilepsy (LOE) and examine their demographic, clinical, and vascular profiles. Further, we examine whether specific phenotypes pose an increased risk for progressive cognitive decline. Methods Participants were part of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC), a prospective longitudinal community-based cohort study of 15,792 individuals initially enrolled in 1987–1989. LOE was identified from linked Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services claims data. Ninety-one participants with LOE completed comprehensive testing either prior to or after seizure onset as part of a larger cohort in the ARIC Neurocognitive Study in either 2011–2013 or 2016–2017 (follow-up mean = 4.9 years). Cognitive phenotypes in individuals with LOE were derived by calculating test-level impairments for each participant (i.e., ≤1 SD below cognitively normal participants on measures of language, memory, and executive function/processing speed); and then assigning participants to phenotypes if they were impaired on at least two tests within a domain. The total number of impaired domains was used to determine the cognitive phenotypes (i.e., Minimal/No Impairment, Single Domain, or Multidomain). Results At our baseline (Visit 5), 36.3% met criteria for Minimal/No Impairment, 35% for Single Domain Impairment (with executive functioning/ processing speed impaired in 53.6%), and 28.7% for Multidomain Impairment. The Minimal/No Impairment group had higher education and occupational complexity. There were no differences in clinical or vascular risk factors across phenotypes. Of those participants with longitudinal data (Visit 6; n = 24), 62.5% declined (i.e., progressed to a more impaired phenotype) and 37.5% remained stable. Those who remained stable were more highly educated compared to those that declined. Discussion Our results demonstrate the presence of identifiable cognitive phenotypes in older adults with LOE. These results also highlight the high prevalence of cognitive impairments across domains, with deficits in executive function/processing speed the most common isolated impairment. We also demonstrate that higher education was associated with a Minimal/No Impairment phenotype and lower risk for cognitive decline over time.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Epidemiology
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/86r1-6f66
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2023.1230368
- ISSN:
- 1664-2295
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Neurology
- Journal Volume:
- 17
- Keyword:
- phenotypes, dementia, cognition, aging, and epilepsy
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- University of Pennsylvania, University of California, San Diego, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Intramural Research Program, and
- Person:
- Schneider, Andrea L. C., Reyes, Anny, McDonald, Carrie R., Johnson, Emily L., Gottesman, Rebecca F., and Kucharska-Newton, Anna M.
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media SA
- Source:
- a54f46a6-0670-4c41-aa77-78a4d48fed05
128. Characterizing host-pathogen interactions between Zostera marina and Labyrinthula zosterae
- Title Tesim:
- Characterizing host-pathogen interactions between Zostera marina and Labyrinthula zosterae
- Creator:
- Burge, Colleen A., Crandall, Grace, Loeher, Malina M., Van Alstyne, Kathryn L., Alidoost Salimi, Mahsa, Swanger, Megan, Eisenlord, Morgan E., Lee, James Sanghyun, Groner, Maya L., Dayal, Sukanya, Stoops, Mark, Shore, Amanda, Venkataraman, Yaamini R., and Fast, Mark D.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Introduction Seagrass meadows serve as an integral component of coastal ecosystems but are declining rapidly due to numerous anthropogenic stressors including climate change. Eelgrass wasting disease, caused by opportunistic Labyrinthula spp., is an increasing concern with rising seawater temperature. To better understand the host-pathogen interaction, we paired whole organism physiological assays with dual transcriptomic analysis of the infected host and parasite. Methods Eelgrass (Zostera marina) shoots were placed in one of two temperature treatments, 11° C or 18° C, acclimated for 10 days, and exposed to a waterborne inoculation containing infectious Labyrinthula zosterae (Lz) or sterile seawater. At two- and five-days post-exposure, pathogen load, visible disease signs, whole leaf phenolic content, and both host- and pathogen- transcriptomes were characterized. Results Two days after exposure, more than 90% of plants had visible lesions and Lz DNA was detectable in 100% percent of sampled plants in the Lz exposed treatment. Concentrations of total phenolic compounds were lower after 5 days of combined exposure to warmer temperatures and Lz, but were unaffected in other treatments. Concentrations of condensed tannins were not affected by Lz or temperature, and did not change over time. Analysis of the eelgrass transcriptome revealed 540 differentially expressed genes in response to Lz exposure, but not temperature. Lz-exposed plants had gene expression patterns consistent with increased defense responses through altered regulation of phytohormone biosynthesis, stress response, and immune function pathways. Analysis of the pathogen transcriptome revealed up-regulation of genes potentially involved in breakdown of host defense, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and metabolism. Discussion The lack of a significant temperature signal was unexpected but suggests a more pronounced physiological response to Lz infection as compared to temperature. Pre-acclimation of eelgrass plants to the temperature treatments may have contributed to the limited physiological responses to temperature. Collectively, these data characterize a widespread physiological response to pathogen attack and demonstrate the value of paired transcriptomics to understand infections in a host-pathogen system.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Institute of Marine Sciences
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/ge2d-fg45
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1152647
- ISSN:
- 2296-7745
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Marine Science
- Journal Volume:
- 11
- Keyword:
- Labyrinthula zosterae, marine disease, host-pathogen interactions, eelgrass wasting disease, Zostera marina, and transcriptomics
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, University of Washington, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Western Washington University, University of Melbourne, Cornell University Corson Hall, Atlantic Veterinary College-University of Prince Edward Island (AVC-UPEI), , Farmingdale State College, and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
- Person:
- Burge, Colleen A., Crandall, Grace, Loeher, Malina M., Van Alstyne, Kathryn L., Alidoost Salimi, Mahsa, Swanger, Megan, Eisenlord, Morgan E., Lee, James Sanghyun, Groner, Maya L., Dayal, Sukanya, Stoops, Mark, Shore, Amanda, Venkataraman, Yaamini R., and Fast, Mark D.
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media SA
- Source:
- 238958be-b1af-42dc-9f89-787f2eb00685
129. Allele-specific quantification of human leukocyte antigen transcript isoforms by nanopore sequencing
- Title Tesim:
- Allele-specific quantification of human leukocyte antigen transcript isoforms by nanopore sequencing
- Creator:
- Weimer, Eric T., Hughes, Andrew E. O., Montgomery, Maureen C., and Liu, Chang
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Introduction While tens of thousands of HLA alleles have been identified by DNA sequencing, the contribution of alternative splicing to HLA diversity is not well characterized. In this study, we sought to determine if long-read sequencing could be used to accurately quantify allele-specific HLA transcripts in primary human lymphocytes. Methods cDNA libraries were prepared from peripheral blood lymphocytes from 12 donors and sequenced by nanopore long-read sequencing. HLA reads were aligned to donor-specific reference sequences based on the known type of each donor. Allele-specific exon utilization was calculated as the proportion of reads aligning to each allele containing known exons, and transcript isoforms were quantified based on patterns of exon utilization within individual reads. Results Splice variants were rare among class I HLA genes (median exon retention rate 99%–100%), except for several HLA-C alleles with exon 5 spliced out of up to 15% of reads. Splice variants were also rare among class II HLA genes (median exon retention rate 98%–100%), except for HLA-DQB1. Consistent with previous work, exon 5 of HLA-DQB1 was spliced out in alleles with a mutated splice acceptor site at rs28688207. Surprisingly, a 28% loss of exon 5 was also observed in HLA-DQB1 alleles with an intact splice acceptor site at rs28688207. Discussion We describe a simple bioinformatic workflow to quantify allele-specific expression of HLA transcript isoforms. Further studies are warranted to characterize the repertoire of HLA transcripts expressed in different cell types and tissues across diverse populations.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and UNC Medical Center
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/6tay-mp53
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1199618
- ISSN:
- 1664-3224
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Journal Volume:
- 14
- Keyword:
- transcript isoforms, human leukocyte antigen (HLA), allele-specific expression, long-read sequencing, and nanopore sequencing
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- and Washington University School of Medicine
- Person:
- Weimer, Eric T., Hughes, Andrew E. O., Montgomery, Maureen C., and Liu, Chang
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media SA
- Source:
- 904d9768-27fa-4f08-9f2c-841976d2ac2b
130. Association between gestational levels of toxic metals and essential elements and cerebral palsy in children
- Title Tesim:
- Association between gestational levels of toxic metals and essential elements and cerebral palsy in children
- Creator:
- Skogheim, Thea S., Winterton, Adriano, Meltzer, Helle M., Surén, Pål, Villanger, Gro D., Thomsen, Cathrine, Knutsen, Helle K., Engel, Stephanie M., Biele, Guido, Andersen, Guro L., Vik, Torstein, Aase, Heidi, and Weyde, Kjell Vegard F.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Introduction Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common motor disability in childhood, but its causes are only partly known. Early-life exposure to toxic metals and inadequate or excess amounts of essential elements can adversely affect brain and nervous system development. However, little is still known about these as perinatal risk factors for CP. This study aims to investigate the associations between second trimester maternal blood levels of toxic metals, essential elements, and mixtures thereof, with CP diagnoses in children. Methods In a large, population-based prospective birth cohort (The Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study), children with CP diagnoses were identified through The Norwegian Patient Registry and Cerebral Palsy Registry of Norway. One hundred forty-four children with CP and 1,082 controls were included. The relationship between maternal blood concentrations of five toxic metals and six essential elements and CP diagnoses were investigated using mixture approaches: elastic net with stability selection to identify important metals/elements in the mixture in relation to CP; then logistic regressions of the selected metals/elements to estimate odds ratio (OR) of CP and two-way interactions among metals/elements and with child sex and maternal education. Finally, the joint effects of the mixtures on CP diagnoses were estimated using quantile-based g-computation analyses. Results The essential elements manganese and copper, as well as the toxic metal Hg, were the most important in relation to CP. Elevated maternal levels of copper (OR = 1.40) and manganese (OR = 1.20) were associated with increased risk of CP, while Hg levels were, counterintuitively, inversely related to CP. Metal/element interactions that were associated with CP were observed, and that sex and maternal education influenced the relationships between metals/elements and CP. In the joint mixture approach no significant association between the mixture of metals/elements and CP (OR = 1.00, 95% CI = [0.67, 1.50]) was identified. Conclusion Using mixture approaches, elevated levels of copper and manganese measured in maternal blood during the second trimester could be related to increased risk of CP in children. The inverse associations between maternal Hg and CP could reflect Hg as a marker of maternal fish intake and thus nutrients beneficial for foetal brain development.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Gillings School of Global Public Health
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/rvhk-7a95
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2023.1124943
- ISSN:
- 1664-2295
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Neurology
- Journal Volume:
- 14
- Keyword:
- The Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), Medical Birth Registry of Norway (MBRN), brain development, cerebral palsy (CP), essential element, pregnant women, and toxic metal
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health and
- Person:
- Skogheim, Thea S., Winterton, Adriano, Meltzer, Helle M., Surén, Pål, Villanger, Gro D., Thomsen, Cathrine, Knutsen, Helle K., Engel, Stephanie M., Biele, Guido, Andersen, Guro L., Vik, Torstein, Aase, Heidi, and Weyde, Kjell Vegard F.
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media SA
- Source:
- bbd94303-2921-4765-bbe8-6c7a4260547a
Collection Details
- Total items
-
775
- Size
-
unknown
- Date created
-
May 26, 2022