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31. Active learning by design: An undergraduate introductory public health course

Title Tesim:
Active learning by design: An undergraduate introductory public health course
Creator:
Yeatts K.B.
Date of publication:
2014
Abstract Tesim:
Principles of active learning were used to design and implement an introductory public health course. Students were introduced to the breadth and practice of public health through team and individual-based activities.Team assignments covered topics in epidemiology, biostatistics, health behavior, nutrition, maternal and child health, environment, and health policy. Students developed an appreciation of the population perspective through an "experience" trip and related intervention project in a public health area of their choice. Students experienced several key critical component elements of a public health undergraduate major; they explored key public health domains, experience public health practice, and integrated concepts with their assignments. In this paper, course assignments, lessons learned, and student successes are described. Given the increased growth in the undergraduate public health major, these active learning assignments may be of interest to undergraduate public health programs at both liberal arts colleges and research universities.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Epidemiology
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/y1we-1x97
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2014.00284
ISSN:
2296-2565
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Public Health
Journal Volume:
2
Keyword:
Public health, Active, Learning, Undergraduate, and Introductory
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Person:
Yeatts K.B.
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright

32. Tongbian decoction restores intestinal microbiota and activates 5-hydroxytryptamine signaling: implication in slow transit constipation

Title Tesim:
Tongbian decoction restores intestinal microbiota and activates 5-hydroxytryptamine signaling: implication in slow transit constipation
Creator:
Wang, Yujuan, Han, Xiaojuan, Si, Xianghuan, Qian, Yunzhi, Li, Hongjia, Lv, Na, Li, Dongna, Xu, Tianshu, and Hua, Yuanqing
Date of publication:
2024
Abstract Tesim:
Introduction Slow transit constipation (STC) is a type of functional constipation. The detailed mechanism of STC, for which there is currently no effective treatment, is unknown as of yet. Tongbian decoction (TBD), a traditional Chinese medicinal formula, is commonly used to treat STC in clinical settings. However, the potential impact of TBD on the management of STC via modulation of the gut microbiota remains unclear. Methods Pseudo-germ-free rats were constructed after 6 days of treatment with bacitracin, neomycin, and streptomycin (abbreviated as ABX forthwith). Based on the successful construction of pseudo-germ-free rats, the STC model (ABX + STC) was induced using loperamide hydrochloride. After successful modeling, based on the different sources of donor rat microbiota, the ABX + STC rats were randomly divided into three groups: Control → ABX + STC, STC → ABX + STC, and STC + TBD → ABX + STC for fecal microbiota transplant (FMT). Body weight, fecal water content, and charcoal power propelling rate of the rats were recorded. Intestinal microbiota was detected by 16S rRNA sequencing, and the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) signaling pathway was examined by western blots, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemical analysis. Results After treatment with fecal bacterial solutions derived from rats treated with Tongbian decoction (TBD), there was an increase in body weight, fecal water content, and the rate of charcoal propulsion in the rats. Additionally, activation of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) signaling pathway was observed. The 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that the fecal bacterial solution from TBD-treated rats affected the intestinal microbiota of STC rats by increasing the proliferation of beneficial bacteria and suppressing the expansion of harmful bacteria. Conclusion Our study showed that TBD alleviated constipation in STC rats by modulating the structure of the intestinal microbiota.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Nutrition
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/tkrp-ct03
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1296163
ISSN:
1664-302X
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Microbiology
Journal Volume:
14
Keyword:
tongbian decoction, fecal microbiota transplant, 5-hydroxytryptamine, intestinal microbiota, and slow transit constipation
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine and
Person:
Wang, Yujuan, Han, Xiaojuan, Si, Xianghuan, Qian, Yunzhi, Li, Hongjia, Lv, Na, Li, Dongna, Xu, Tianshu, and Hua, Yuanqing
Publisher:
Frontiers Media SA
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
3c19a309-651e-4f07-947b-0fe334501b8d

33. Training in eight low-and middle-income countries: lessons learned from a pilot study using the WHO-TDR dissemination and implementation massive open online course

Title Tesim:
Training in eight low-and middle-income countries: lessons learned from a pilot study using the WHO-TDR dissemination and implementation massive open online course
Creator:
Fort, Meredith P., Muula, Adamson S., Baumann, Ana A., Davila-Roman, Victor, Fitzpatrick, Annette, Launois, Pascal, Gyamfi, Joyce, Rakhra, Ashlin, Nguyen, Hoa L., Ramirez, Manuel, Hosseinipour, Mina, Apusiga, Kingsley, Andesia, Josephine, Adjei, Kezia Gladys Amaning, Hooley, Cole, Weber, Mary Beth, and Price, LeShawndra
Date of publication:
2024
Abstract Tesim:
Introduction Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in low-and middle- income countries (LMICs). Despite this, a lack of funding, training and mentorship for NCD investigators in LMICs exists. In an effort to gain knowledge and skills to address these gaps, participants from the Global Research on Implementation and Translation Science (GRIT), a consortium of studies in eight LMICs and their networks, attended the dissemination and implementation (D&I) massive open online course (MOOC) developed by the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases at the World Health Organization to strengthen D&I capacity building. Here, we report on the pilot of this MOOC, which was implemented during the SARS COVID-19 pandemic from April- November 2020. Methods Participants completed pre-and post-training questionnaires to assess self-reported D&I competencies, general research skills, and research mentor access and quality. D&I competencies were measured by use of a scale developed for a US-based training program, with change in competency scores assessed by paired t test. We used univariate statistics to analyze the data for all other outcomes. Results Of the 247 participants enrolled, 32 (13%) completed all course requirements, 21 (9%) completed the pre-and post-surveys and are included in the analysis. D&I competency scores suggest improvement for those who had complete pre- and post-assessments. Trainee's average score on the full competency scale improved 1.45 points (0–5 scale) from pre- to post-test; all four subscales also showed evidence of improvements. There were small but not significant increases in competencies for grant writing, proposal/ manuscript writing and presentations from pre- to post-test assessment. 40% of trainees reported access to a research mentor and 12% reported access to a D&I specific mentor. Participants reported barriers (e.g., unstable internet access and challenges due to COVID-19) and facilitators (e.g., topical interests, collaboration with colleagues) to completing the MOOC. Conclusions Although COVID-19 affected program usage and completion, the MOOC was feasible. We also had signals of effectiveness, meaning among LMIC participants completing the course, there was improvement in self-report D&I competency scores. Recommendations for future D&I trainings in LMICs include (1) adding more topic specific modules (i.e., NCD research, general research skills) for scalability; (2) fostering more collaboration with participants across LMICs; and (3) establishing partnerships with D&I mentors for course participants.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Medicine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/xcbs-ay12
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/frhs.2023.1217619
ISSN:
2813-0146
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Health Services
Journal Volume:
3
Keyword:
implementation research, dissemination & implementation research, capacity building, massive open online course (MOOC), and non-communicable chronic diseases
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
University of Colorado,, University of Malawi, Washington University in St. Louis, University of Washington, WHO, New York University Global College of Public Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, , Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, Moi University, Brigham Young University, Emory University, and National Institutes of Health
Person:
Fort, Meredith P., Muula, Adamson S., Baumann, Ana A., Davila-Roman, Victor, Fitzpatrick, Annette, Launois, Pascal, Gyamfi, Joyce, Rakhra, Ashlin, Nguyen, Hoa L., Ramirez, Manuel, Hosseinipour, Mina, Apusiga, Kingsley, Andesia, Josephine, Adjei, Kezia Gladys Amaning, Hooley, Cole, Weber, Mary Beth, and Price, LeShawndra
Publisher:
Frontiers Media SA
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
14aeadb8-6493-4fa8-af27-4a2bdcc06287

34. The expert's knowledge combined with AI outperforms AI alone in seizure onset zone localization using resting state fMRI

Title Tesim:
The expert's knowledge combined with AI outperforms AI alone in seizure onset zone localization using resting state fMRI
Creator:
Kamboj P., Gupta S.K.S., Boerwinkle V.L., and Banerjee A.
Date of publication:
2023
Abstract Tesim:
We evaluated whether integration of expert guidance on seizure onset zone (SOZ) identification from resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) connectomics combined with deep learning (DL) techniques enhances the SOZ delineation in patients with refractory epilepsy (RE), compared to utilizing DL alone. Rs-fMRI was collected from 52 children with RE who had subsequently undergone ic-EEG and then, if indicated, surgery for seizure control (n = 25). The resting state functional connectomics data were previously independently classified by two expert epileptologists, as indicative of measurement noise, typical resting state network connectivity, or SOZ. An expert knowledge integrated deep network was trained on functional connectomics data to identify SOZ. Expert knowledge integrated with DL showed a SOZ localization accuracy of 84.8 ± 4.5% and F1 score, harmonic mean of positive predictive value and sensitivity, of 91.7 ± 2.6%. Conversely, a DL only model yielded an accuracy of <50% (F1 score 63%). Activations that initiate in gray matter, extend through white matter, and end in vascular regions are seen as the most discriminative expert-identified SOZ characteristics. Integration of expert knowledge of functional connectomics can not only enhance the performance of DL in localizing SOZ in RE but also lead toward potentially useful explanations of prevalent co-activation patterns in SOZ. RE with surgical outcomes and preoperative rs-fMRI studies can yield expert knowledge most salient for SOZ identification.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Neurology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/rfrv-xm64
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2023.1324461
ISSN:
1664-2295
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Neurology
Journal Volume:
14
Keyword:
expert knowledge, focal pharmaco-resistant epilepsy, pre-surgical, preoperative evaluation, seizure onset zone, rs-fMRI, and deep learning
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Arizona State University and
Person:
Kamboj P., Gupta S.K.S., Boerwinkle V.L., and Banerjee A.
Publisher:
Frontiers Media SA
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
8f6bfe2f-9a94-4112-bf46-1288732ebe47

35. Myeloid cell MHC I expression drives CD8+ T cell activation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Title Tesim:
Myeloid cell MHC I expression drives CD8+ T cell activation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Creator:
Atkins H.M., Hess P., Adams V.R., Collins L.B., Scheidemantle G., Kennedy A., Holmes J., Lodge M., Johnson A.J., Williams T.I., and Liu X.
Date of publication:
2023
Abstract Tesim:
Background & aims: Activated CD8+ T cells are elevated in Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and are important for driving fibrosis and inflammation. Despite this, mechanisms of CD8+ T cell activation in NASH are largely limited. Specific CD8+ T cell subsets may become activated through metabolic signals or cytokines. However, studies in NASH have not evaluated the impact of antigen presentation or the involvement of specific antigens. Therefore, we determined if activated CD8+ T cells are dependent on MHC class I expression in NASH to regulate fibrosis and inflammation. Methods: We used H2Kb and H2Db deficient (MHC I KO), Kb transgenic mice, and myeloid cell Kb deficient mice (LysM Kb KO) to investigate how MHC class I impacts CD8+ T cell function and NASH. Flow cytometry, gene expression, and histology were used to examine hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. The hepatic class I immunopeptidome was evaluated by mass spectrometry. Results: In NASH, MHC class I isoform H2Kb was upregulated in myeloid cells. MHC I KO demonstrated protective effects against NASH-induced inflammation and fibrosis. Kb mice exhibited increased fibrosis in the absence of H2Db while LysM Kb KO mice showed protection against fibrosis but not inflammation. H2Kb restricted peptides identified a unique NASH peptide Ncf2 capable of CD8+ T cell activation in vitro. The Ncf2 peptide was not detected during fibrosis resolution. Conclusion: These results suggest that activated hepatic CD8+ T cells are dependent on myeloid cell MHC class I expression in diet induced NASH to promote inflammation and fibrosis. Additionally, our studies suggest a role of NADPH oxidase in the production of Ncf2 peptide generation.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Division of Comparative Medicine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/135p-s370
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1302006
ISSN:
1664-3224
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Immunology
Journal Volume:
14
Keyword:
immunopeptidome, CD8+ T cells, fibrosis, NASH, liver, and H2Kb
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
, North Carolina State University, and Mayo Clinic
Person:
Atkins H.M., Hess P., Adams V.R., Collins L.B., Scheidemantle G., Kennedy A., Holmes J., Lodge M., Johnson A.J., Williams T.I., and Liu X.
Publisher:
Frontiers Media SA
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
b4b689ef-f1e6-4f8c-8a6e-6dec12d9b79e

36. New insights and research prospects from the ocean microbiome

Title Tesim:
New insights and research prospects from the ocean microbiome
Creator:
Teske, Andreas
Date of publication:
2024
Abstract Tesim:
Researchers with a certain amount of experience cannot help noticing the fast turnover of software tools and databases in the bioinformatics landscape. In order to thrive, metagenomic analysis and annotation tools have to remain up to date in terms of content, organization, and taxonomy; they have to be maintained by a devoted team of curators; and they should offer access and handles for a diverse and active user community that prevents them from falling into disuse. Finally, long-term institutional support is essential for staying power and longevity in this ever-changing field. The KAUST Metagenomic Analysis Platform (KMAP) appears among the latest entries within the field of large-scale metagenomic analysis and annotation. In their Frontiers in Science article, Laiolo and colleagues deliver an impressive rollout for the KMAP by assembling and analyzing an extensive global marine metagenome dataset, the Global Ocean Gene Catalog 1.0, which represents over 2,000 metagenomic samples predominantly from the open ocean and, to a smaller extent, from coastal waters and benthos. Numerous marine metagenomic samples from the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA; www.ebi.ac.uk/ena) were extracted as of May 2018 for processing in the KMAP, which includes quality control of readings and assembly of metagenomes. The large volume of this marine gene survey imposes some limits on the level of phylogenetic and functional detail that can be accommodated in a paper of reasonable length; therefore, this study emphasizes broad occurrence patterns of microbial classes and phyla, and major metabolic pathways.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Earth, Marine and Environmental Sciences
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/2dqs-jb60
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fsci.2023.1351968
ISSN:
2813-6330
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Science
Journal Volume:
1
Keyword:
ocean domains, biodiversity, biogeochemical cycling, microbes, shotgun metagenomics, ocean gene catalog, and functional genomics
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Person:
Teske, Andreas
Publisher:
Frontiers Media SA
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
177ed3b6-ed00-4f64-a050-099c1c70b800

37. Long-term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of efgartigimod (ADAPT+): interim results from a phase 3 open-label extension study in participants with generalized myasthenia gravis

Title Tesim:
Long-term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of efgartigimod (ADAPT+): interim results from a phase 3 open-label extension study in participants with generalized myasthenia gravis
Creator:
Vu, Tuan, Murai, Hiroyuki, Steeland, Sophie, Mantegazza, Renato, Bril, Vera, De Bleecker, Jan L., Pasnoor, Mamatha, Van Hoorick, Benjamin, Howard, James F., Peric, Stojan, Beydoun, Said R., Guglietta, Antonio, Utsugisawa, Kimiaki, Karam, Chafic, The ADAPT+ Study Group, Meisel, Andreas, Verschuuren, Jan, and T’joen, Caroline
Date of publication:
2024
Abstract Tesim:
Objective ADAPT+ assessed the long-term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of efgartigimod in adult participants with generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG). Methods ADAPT+ was an open-label, single-arm, multicenter, up to 3-year extension of the pivotal phase 3 ADAPT study. Efgartigimod was administered in treatment cycles of 4 intravenous infusions (one 10 mg/kg infusion per week). Initiation of subsequent treatment cycles was individualized based on clinical evaluation. Safety endpoints included incidence and severity of adverse events. Efficacy endpoints assessed disease severity using Myasthenia Gravis-Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) and Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis (QMG) scores. Results As of January 2022, 151 participants had rolled over to ADAPT+ and 145 had received ≥1 dose of efgartigimod, of whom, 111 (76.6%) were AChR-Ab+ and 34 (23.4%) were AChR-Ab−. Mean study duration (treatment plus follow-up) was 548 days, and participants received up to 17 treatment cycles, corresponding to 217.6 participant-years of exposure. In the overall population, 123 (84.8%) participants reported ≥1 treatment-emergent adverse event; most frequent were headache (36 [24.8%]), COVID-19 (22 [15.2%]), and nasopharyngitis (20 [13.8%]). Clinically meaningful improvement (CMI) in mean MG-ADL and QMG scores was seen as early as 1 week following the first infusion across multiple cycles in AChR-Ab+ and AChR-Ab− participants. Maximal MG-ADL and QMG improvements aligned with onset and magnitude of total IgG and AChR-Ab reductions. For AChR-Ab+ participants at any time point in each of the first 10 treatment cycles, more than 90% had a maximum reduction of ≥2 points (CMI) in MG-ADL total score; across the 7 cycles in which QMG was measured, 69.4% to 91.3% of participants demonstrated a maximum reduction of ≥3 points (CMI) in QMG total score. Many participants demonstrated improvements well beyond CMI thresholds. In AChR-Ab+ participants with ≥1 year of combined follow-up between ADAPT and ADAPT+, mean number of annualized cycles was 4.7 per year (median [range] 5.0 [0.5–7.6]). Conclusion Results of ADAPT+ corroborate the substantial clinical improvements seen with efgartigimod in ADAPT and support its long-term safety, tolerability, and efficacy, as well as an individualized dosing regimen for treatment of gMG. Clinical trial registrationhttps://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03770403, NCT03770403.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Neurology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/d0f8-x010
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2023.1284444
ISSN:
1664-2295
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Neurology
Journal Volume:
14
Keyword:
neonatal Fc receptor, antibody fragment, neonatal Fc receptor antagonist, IgG recycling, FcRn, efgartigimod, autoantibody reduction, and myasthenia gravis
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, argenx, Fondazione Istituto Carlo Besta, University of Toronto, Ghent University Hospital, University of Kansas Medical Center, , University of Belgrade, University of Southern California, Hanamaki General Hospital, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania,, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, and Leiden University Medical Center
Person:
Vu, Tuan, Murai, Hiroyuki, Steeland, Sophie, Mantegazza, Renato, Bril, Vera, De Bleecker, Jan L., Pasnoor, Mamatha, Van Hoorick, Benjamin, Howard, James F., Peric, Stojan, Beydoun, Said R., Guglietta, Antonio, Utsugisawa, Kimiaki, Karam, Chafic, The ADAPT+ Study Group, Meisel, Andreas, Verschuuren, Jan, and T’joen, Caroline
Publisher:
Frontiers Media SA
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
6fd5792f-22ce-492e-9f63-faca9c2e82ac

38. HPV vaccination in Africa in the COVID-19 era: a cross-sectional survey of healthcare providers’ knowledge, training, and recommendation practices

Title Tesim:
HPV vaccination in Africa in the COVID-19 era: a cross-sectional survey of healthcare providers’ knowledge, training, and recommendation practices
Creator:
Fokom Domgue, Joel, Gnangnon, Freddy, Pande, Mala, Plante, Marie, Fazazi, Hicham El, Yu, Robert, Dille, Issimouha, Mbatani, Nomonde, Shete, Sanjay, Lecuru, Fabrice, Adewole, Isaac, Chinula, Lameck, Kapambwe, Sharon, Diomande, Mohenou Isidore, Tebeu, Pierre-Marie, Sidibe, Fatoumata, Diop, Mamadou, Kamgno, Joseph, Basu, Partha, Traore, Bangaly, Murenzi, Gad, and Dangou, Jean-Marie
Date of publication:
2024
Abstract Tesim:
Introduction Although the burden of cervical cancer in Africa is highest, HPV vaccination coverage remains alarmingly low in this region. Providers’ knowledge and recommendation are key drivers of HPV vaccination uptake. Yet, evidence about providers’ knowledge and recommendation practices about the HPV vaccine against a backdrop of emerging vaccine hesitancy fueled by the COVID-19 pandemic is lacking in Africa. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021–2022 among healthcare providers involved in cervical cancer prevention activities in Africa. They were invited to report prior training, the availability of the HPV vaccine in their practice, whether they recommended the HPV vaccine, and, if not, the reasons for not recommending it. Their knowledge about the HPV vaccine was assessed through self-reporting (perceived knowledge) and with three pre-tested knowledge questions (measured knowledge). Results Of the 153 providers from 23 African countries who responded to the survey (mean age: 38.5 years, SD: 10.1), 75 (54.0%) were female and 97 (63.4%) were based In countries with national HPV immunization programs. Overall, 57 (43.8%) reported having received prior training on HPV vaccine education/counseling, and 40 (37.4%) indicated that the HPV vaccine was available at the facility where they work. Most respondents (109, 83.2%) reported recommending the HPV vaccine in their practice. Vaccine unavailability (57.1%), lack of effective communication tools and informational material (28.6%), and need for adequate training (28.6%) were the most commonly reported reasons for not recommending the HPV vaccine. While 63 providers (52.9%) reported that their knowledge about HPV vaccination was adequate for their practice, only 9.9% responded correctly to the 3 knowledge questions. Conclusion To increase HPV vaccination coverage and counter misinformation about this vaccine in Africa, adequate training of providers and culturally appropriate educational materials are needed to improve their knowledge of the HPV vaccine and to facilitate effective communication with their patients and the community.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/bycc-br13
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1343064
ISSN:
2296-2565
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Public Health
Journal Volume:
12
Keyword:
HPV-related disease, cervical cancer, vaccine recommendation, HPV vaccination, cancer control, healthcare providers, vaccine hesitancy, and HPV
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Abomey-Calavi, Laval University, Mohammed V University, World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, University of Cape Town, Institut Curie, University of Ibadan, , University Teaching Hospital of Cocody, University of Yaounde, University of Bamako, CHU Aristide Le Dantec, International Agency for Research on Cancer, University Gamal Abdel Nasser of Conakry, and Rwanda Military Hospital
Person:
Fokom Domgue, Joel, Gnangnon, Freddy, Pande, Mala, Plante, Marie, Fazazi, Hicham El, Yu, Robert, Dille, Issimouha, Mbatani, Nomonde, Shete, Sanjay, Lecuru, Fabrice, Adewole, Isaac, Chinula, Lameck, Kapambwe, Sharon, Diomande, Mohenou Isidore, Tebeu, Pierre-Marie, Sidibe, Fatoumata, Diop, Mamadou, Kamgno, Joseph, Basu, Partha, Traore, Bangaly, Murenzi, Gad, and Dangou, Jean-Marie
Publisher:
Frontiers Media SA
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
2de74a40-b4e0-4564-a296-dedaef639c6c

39. Event-triggered robot self-assessment to aid in autonomy adjustment

Title Tesim:
Event-triggered robot self-assessment to aid in autonomy adjustment
Creator:
Ahmed N., Szafir D., and Conlon N.
Date of publication:
2023
Abstract Tesim:
Introduction: Human–robot teams are being called upon to accomplish increasingly complex tasks. During execution, the robot may operate at different levels of autonomy (LOAs), ranging from full robotic autonomy to full human control. For any number of reasons, such as changes in the robot’s surroundings due to the complexities of operating in dynamic and uncertain environments, degradation and damage to the robot platform, or changes in tasking, adjusting the LOA during operations may be necessary to achieve desired mission outcomes. Thus, a critical challenge is understanding when and how the autonomy should be adjusted. Methods: We frame this problem with respect to the robot’s capabilities and limitations, known as robot competency. With this framing, a robot could be granted a level of autonomy in line with its ability to operate with a high degree of competence. First, we propose a Model Quality Assessment metric, which indicates how (un)expected an autonomous robot’s observations are compared to its model predictions. Next, we present an Event-Triggered Generalized Outcome Assessment (ET-GOA) algorithm that uses changes in the Model Quality Assessment above a threshold to selectively execute and report a high-level assessment of the robot’s competency. We validated the Model Quality Assessment metric and the ET-GOA algorithm in both simulated and live robot navigation scenarios. Results: Our experiments found that the Model Quality Assessment was able to respond to unexpected observations. Additionally, our validation of the full ET-GOA algorithm explored how the computational cost and accuracy of the algorithm was impacted across several Model Quality triggering thresholds and with differing amounts of state perturbations. Discussion: Our experimental results combined with a human-in-the-loop demonstration show that Event-Triggered Generalized Outcome Assessment algorithm can facilitate informed autonomy-adjustment decisions based on a robot’s task competency.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/36p6-dp74
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1294533
ISSN:
2296-9144
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Robotics and AI
Journal Volume:
10
Keyword:
autonomy adjustment, machine self-confidence, proficiency assessment, explainable robotics, human–robot teaming, trust, and competency assessment
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
University of Colorado at Boulder and
Person:
Ahmed N., Szafir D., and Conlon N.
Publisher:
Frontiers Media SA
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
16132d1e-e26a-4db8-a908-b34313105fce

40. Editorial: Advances in statistical methods for the genetic dissection of complex traits in plants

Title Tesim:
Editorial: Advances in statistical methods for the genetic dissection of complex traits in plants
Creator:
Xie, Shang-Qian, Jia, Zhenyu, Zhang, Yuan-Ming, Wang, Shibo, Zhang, Ya-Wen, and Wen, Jia
Date of publication:
2024
Abstract Tesim:
In real data analysis, most commonly used genome-wide association study (GWAS) methods often miss some important loci and trait heritability. To address these challenges, Li et al. (2022a) established an innovative method named 3VmrMLM based on a compressed variance component mixed model. In 3VmrMLM, all the effects in quantitative trait nucleotide (QTN), QTN-by-environment interaction (QEI), and QTNby-QTN interaction (QQI) detection are compressed into an effect-related vector, while all polygenic backgrounds are compressed into a vector-related polygenic background. This method is especially well suited for species with a high proportion of heterozygous genotypes, such as human, forests, chrysanthemums, and grasslands.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Genetics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/svvx-8507
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1357564
ISSN:
1664-462X
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Plant Science
Journal Volume:
15
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
University of Idaho, University of California, Riverside, Huazhong Agricultural University, Jiangsu University, and
Person:
Xie, Shang-Qian, Jia, Zhenyu, Zhang, Yuan-Ming, Wang, Shibo, Zhang, Ya-Wen, and Wen, Jia
Publisher:
Frontiers Media SA
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
d5c2054b-cf49-4b55-ac8d-d7a64f4f84d9