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UNC-authored articles published by Frontiers
Works (698)
51. Characterizing host-pathogen interactions between Zostera marina and Labyrinthula zosterae
- Title Tesim:
- Characterizing host-pathogen interactions between Zostera marina and Labyrinthula zosterae
- Creator:
- Burge, Colleen A., Crandall, Grace, Loeher, Malina M., Van Alstyne, Kathryn L., Alidoost Salimi, Mahsa, Swanger, Megan, Eisenlord, Morgan E., Lee, James Sanghyun, Groner, Maya L., Dayal, Sukanya, Stoops, Mark, Shore, Amanda, Venkataraman, Yaamini R., and Fast, Mark D.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Introduction Seagrass meadows serve as an integral component of coastal ecosystems but are declining rapidly due to numerous anthropogenic stressors including climate change. Eelgrass wasting disease, caused by opportunistic Labyrinthula spp., is an increasing concern with rising seawater temperature. To better understand the host-pathogen interaction, we paired whole organism physiological assays with dual transcriptomic analysis of the infected host and parasite. Methods Eelgrass (Zostera marina) shoots were placed in one of two temperature treatments, 11° C or 18° C, acclimated for 10 days, and exposed to a waterborne inoculation containing infectious Labyrinthula zosterae (Lz) or sterile seawater. At two- and five-days post-exposure, pathogen load, visible disease signs, whole leaf phenolic content, and both host- and pathogen- transcriptomes were characterized. Results Two days after exposure, more than 90% of plants had visible lesions and Lz DNA was detectable in 100% percent of sampled plants in the Lz exposed treatment. Concentrations of total phenolic compounds were lower after 5 days of combined exposure to warmer temperatures and Lz, but were unaffected in other treatments. Concentrations of condensed tannins were not affected by Lz or temperature, and did not change over time. Analysis of the eelgrass transcriptome revealed 540 differentially expressed genes in response to Lz exposure, but not temperature. Lz-exposed plants had gene expression patterns consistent with increased defense responses through altered regulation of phytohormone biosynthesis, stress response, and immune function pathways. Analysis of the pathogen transcriptome revealed up-regulation of genes potentially involved in breakdown of host defense, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and metabolism. Discussion The lack of a significant temperature signal was unexpected but suggests a more pronounced physiological response to Lz infection as compared to temperature. Pre-acclimation of eelgrass plants to the temperature treatments may have contributed to the limited physiological responses to temperature. Collectively, these data characterize a widespread physiological response to pathogen attack and demonstrate the value of paired transcriptomics to understand infections in a host-pathogen system.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Institute of Marine Sciences
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/ge2d-fg45
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1152647
- ISSN:
- 2296-7745
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Marine Science
- Journal Volume:
- 11
- Keyword:
- Labyrinthula zosterae, marine disease, host-pathogen interactions, eelgrass wasting disease, Zostera marina, and transcriptomics
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, University of Washington, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Western Washington University, University of Melbourne, Cornell University Corson Hall, Atlantic Veterinary College-University of Prince Edward Island (AVC-UPEI), , Farmingdale State College, and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
- Person:
- Burge, Colleen A., Crandall, Grace, Loeher, Malina M., Van Alstyne, Kathryn L., Alidoost Salimi, Mahsa, Swanger, Megan, Eisenlord, Morgan E., Lee, James Sanghyun, Groner, Maya L., Dayal, Sukanya, Stoops, Mark, Shore, Amanda, Venkataraman, Yaamini R., and Fast, Mark D.
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media SA
- Source:
- 238958be-b1af-42dc-9f89-787f2eb00685
52. Allele-specific quantification of human leukocyte antigen transcript isoforms by nanopore sequencing
- Title Tesim:
- Allele-specific quantification of human leukocyte antigen transcript isoforms by nanopore sequencing
- Creator:
- Weimer, Eric T., Hughes, Andrew E. O., Montgomery, Maureen C., and Liu, Chang
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Introduction While tens of thousands of HLA alleles have been identified by DNA sequencing, the contribution of alternative splicing to HLA diversity is not well characterized. In this study, we sought to determine if long-read sequencing could be used to accurately quantify allele-specific HLA transcripts in primary human lymphocytes. Methods cDNA libraries were prepared from peripheral blood lymphocytes from 12 donors and sequenced by nanopore long-read sequencing. HLA reads were aligned to donor-specific reference sequences based on the known type of each donor. Allele-specific exon utilization was calculated as the proportion of reads aligning to each allele containing known exons, and transcript isoforms were quantified based on patterns of exon utilization within individual reads. Results Splice variants were rare among class I HLA genes (median exon retention rate 99%–100%), except for several HLA-C alleles with exon 5 spliced out of up to 15% of reads. Splice variants were also rare among class II HLA genes (median exon retention rate 98%–100%), except for HLA-DQB1. Consistent with previous work, exon 5 of HLA-DQB1 was spliced out in alleles with a mutated splice acceptor site at rs28688207. Surprisingly, a 28% loss of exon 5 was also observed in HLA-DQB1 alleles with an intact splice acceptor site at rs28688207. Discussion We describe a simple bioinformatic workflow to quantify allele-specific expression of HLA transcript isoforms. Further studies are warranted to characterize the repertoire of HLA transcripts expressed in different cell types and tissues across diverse populations.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and UNC Medical Center
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/6tay-mp53
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1199618
- ISSN:
- 1664-3224
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Journal Volume:
- 14
- Keyword:
- transcript isoforms, human leukocyte antigen (HLA), allele-specific expression, long-read sequencing, and nanopore sequencing
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- and Washington University School of Medicine
- Person:
- Weimer, Eric T., Hughes, Andrew E. O., Montgomery, Maureen C., and Liu, Chang
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media SA
- Source:
- 904d9768-27fa-4f08-9f2c-841976d2ac2b
53. Association between gestational levels of toxic metals and essential elements and cerebral palsy in children
- Title Tesim:
- Association between gestational levels of toxic metals and essential elements and cerebral palsy in children
- Creator:
- Skogheim, Thea S., Winterton, Adriano, Meltzer, Helle M., Surén, Pål, Villanger, Gro D., Thomsen, Cathrine, Knutsen, Helle K., Engel, Stephanie M., Biele, Guido, Andersen, Guro L., Vik, Torstein, Aase, Heidi, and Weyde, Kjell Vegard F.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Introduction Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common motor disability in childhood, but its causes are only partly known. Early-life exposure to toxic metals and inadequate or excess amounts of essential elements can adversely affect brain and nervous system development. However, little is still known about these as perinatal risk factors for CP. This study aims to investigate the associations between second trimester maternal blood levels of toxic metals, essential elements, and mixtures thereof, with CP diagnoses in children. Methods In a large, population-based prospective birth cohort (The Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study), children with CP diagnoses were identified through The Norwegian Patient Registry and Cerebral Palsy Registry of Norway. One hundred forty-four children with CP and 1,082 controls were included. The relationship between maternal blood concentrations of five toxic metals and six essential elements and CP diagnoses were investigated using mixture approaches: elastic net with stability selection to identify important metals/elements in the mixture in relation to CP; then logistic regressions of the selected metals/elements to estimate odds ratio (OR) of CP and two-way interactions among metals/elements and with child sex and maternal education. Finally, the joint effects of the mixtures on CP diagnoses were estimated using quantile-based g-computation analyses. Results The essential elements manganese and copper, as well as the toxic metal Hg, were the most important in relation to CP. Elevated maternal levels of copper (OR = 1.40) and manganese (OR = 1.20) were associated with increased risk of CP, while Hg levels were, counterintuitively, inversely related to CP. Metal/element interactions that were associated with CP were observed, and that sex and maternal education influenced the relationships between metals/elements and CP. In the joint mixture approach no significant association between the mixture of metals/elements and CP (OR = 1.00, 95% CI = [0.67, 1.50]) was identified. Conclusion Using mixture approaches, elevated levels of copper and manganese measured in maternal blood during the second trimester could be related to increased risk of CP in children. The inverse associations between maternal Hg and CP could reflect Hg as a marker of maternal fish intake and thus nutrients beneficial for foetal brain development.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Gillings School of Global Public Health
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/rvhk-7a95
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2023.1124943
- ISSN:
- 1664-2295
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Neurology
- Journal Volume:
- 14
- Keyword:
- The Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), Medical Birth Registry of Norway (MBRN), brain development, cerebral palsy (CP), essential element, pregnant women, and toxic metal
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health and
- Person:
- Skogheim, Thea S., Winterton, Adriano, Meltzer, Helle M., Surén, Pål, Villanger, Gro D., Thomsen, Cathrine, Knutsen, Helle K., Engel, Stephanie M., Biele, Guido, Andersen, Guro L., Vik, Torstein, Aase, Heidi, and Weyde, Kjell Vegard F.
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media SA
- Source:
- bbd94303-2921-4765-bbe8-6c7a4260547a
54. Framework for a Community Health Observing System for the Gulf of Mexico Region: Preparing for Future Disasters
- Title Tesim:
- Framework for a Community Health Observing System for the Gulf of Mexico Region: Preparing for Future Disasters
- Creator:
- Yehuda, R., Orbach, R., Singer, B., McEwen, B., Hale, C., Kirkpatrick, B., Svendsen, E., Cochran, D., Collier, T., Scott, G., Yoskowitz, D., Rowles, T., Partyka, M., Morris, G., Tincher, T., Ebi, K., Seeman, T., Solo-Gabriele, H., Harville, E., Yip, F., Farrington, J., Prather, A.A., Finucane, M., Hswen, Y., Trtanj, J., Halpern, D., Caffey, R., Engel, L.S., Walker, A.H., Manley, R., Abramson, D., Hart, L., Sandifer, P., Knapp, L., Lichtveld, M., Porter, D., and Palinkas, L.
- Date of publication:
- 2020
- Abstract Tesim:
- The Gulf of Mexico (GoM) region is prone to disasters, including recurrent oil spills, hurricanes, floods, industrial accidents, harmful algal blooms, and the current COVID-19 pandemic. The GoM and other regions of the U.S. lack sufficient baseline health information to identify, attribute, mitigate, and facilitate prevention of major health effects of disasters. Developing capacity to assess adverse human health consequences of future disasters requires establishment of a comprehensive, sustained community health observing system, similar to the extensive and well-established environmental observing systems. We propose a system that combines six levels of health data domains, beginning with three existing, national surveys and studies plus three new nested, longitudinal cohort studies. The latter are the unique and most important parts of the system and are focused on the coastal regions of the five GoM States. A statistically representative sample of participants is proposed for the new cohort studies, stratified to ensure proportional inclusion of urban and rural populations and with additional recruitment as necessary to enroll participants from particularly vulnerable or under-represented groups. Secondary data sources such as syndromic surveillance systems, electronic health records, national community surveys, environmental exposure databases, social media, and remote sensing will inform and augment the collection of primary data. Primary data sources will include participant-provided information via questionnaires, clinical measures of mental and physical health, acquisition of biological specimens, and wearable health monitoring devices. A suite of biomarkers may be derived from biological specimens for use in health assessments, including calculation of allostatic load, a measure of cumulative stress. The framework also addresses data management and sharing, participant retention, and system governance. The observing system is designed to continue indefinitely to ensure that essential pre-, during-, and post-disaster health data are collected and maintained. It could also provide a model/vehicle for effective health observation related to infectious disease pandemics such as COVID-19. To our knowledge, there is no comprehensive, disaster-focused health observing system such as the one proposed here currently in existence or planned elsewhere. Significant strengths of the GoM Community Health Observing System (CHOS) are its longitudinal cohorts and ability to adapt rapidly as needs arise and new technologies develop.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Epidemiology
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/qy95-cv79
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.578463
- ISSN:
- 2296-2565
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Public Health
- Journal Volume:
- 8
- Keyword:
- cohort studies, stress, disasters, Gulf of Mexico, COVID-19, allostatic load, health surveillance, and health observing system
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, University of Texas, Austin, University of Florida, Rockefeller University, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Texas A&M University, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, University of Southern Mississippi, Western Washington University, University of South Carolina, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Mississippi-Alabama Sea Grant Consortium, University of Washington, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Miami, Tulane University, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, University of California, San Francisco, Rand Corporation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Louisiana State University, , SEA Consulting Group, College of Charleston, New York University, and University of Southern California
- Person:
- Yehuda, R., Orbach, R., Singer, B., McEwen, B., Hale, C., Kirkpatrick, B., Svendsen, E., Cochran, D., Collier, T., Scott, G., Yoskowitz, D., Rowles, T., Partyka, M., Morris, G., Tincher, T., Ebi, K., Seeman, T., Solo-Gabriele, H., Harville, E., Yip, F., Farrington, J., Prather, A.A., Finucane, M., Hswen, Y., Trtanj, J., Halpern, D., Caffey, R., Engel, L.S., Walker, A.H., Manley, R., Abramson, D., Hart, L., Sandifer, P., Knapp, L., Lichtveld, M., Porter, D., and Palinkas, L.
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media S.A.
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
- Source:
- 1115af3a-10bb-4630-b1ab-691af4aa6749
55. Periconceptional maternal mediterranean diet is associated with favorable offspring behaviors and altered CpG methylation of imprinted genes
- Title Tesim:
- Periconceptional maternal mediterranean diet is associated with favorable offspring behaviors and altered CpG methylation of imprinted genes
- Creator:
- Daniels, J.L., Wright, F.A., Hoyo, C., Murphy, S.K., Gonzalez-Nahm, S., Maguire, R.L., Huang, Z., Mendez, M., House, J.S., and Fuemmeler, B.F.
- Date of publication:
- 2018
- Abstract Tesim:
- Background: Maternal diet during pregnancy has been shown to influence the child neuro-developmental outcomes. Studies examining effects of dietary patterns on offspring behavior are sparse. Objective: Determine if maternal adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with child behavioral outcomes assessed early in life, and to evaluate the role of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) regulating genomically imprinted genes in these associations. Methods: Among 325 mother/infant pairs, we used regression models to evaluate the association between tertiles of maternal periconceptional Mediterranean diet adherence (MDA) scores derived from a Food Frequency Questionnaire, and social and emotional scores derived from the Infant Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment (ITSEA) questionnaire in the second year of life. Methylation of nine genomically imprinted genes was measured to determine if MDA was associated with CpG methylation. Results: Child depression was inversely associated with maternal MDA (Bonferroni-corrected p = 0.041). While controlling for false-discovery, compared to offspring of women with the lowest MDA tertile, those with MDA scores in middle and high MDA tertiles had decreased odds for atypical behaviors [OR (95% CI) = 0.40 (0.20, 0.78) for middle and 0.40 (0.17, 0.92) for highest tertile], for maladaptive behaviors [0.37 (0.18, 0.72) for middle tertile and 0.42 (0.18, 0.95) for highest tertile] and for an index of autism spectrum disorder behaviors [0.46 (0.23, 0.90) for middle and 0.35 (0.15, 0.80) for highest tertile]. Offspring of women with the highest MDA tertile were less likely to exhibit depressive [OR = 0.28 (0.12, 0.64)] and anxiety [0.42 (0.18, 0.97)] behaviors and increased odds of social relatedness [2.31 (1.04, 5.19)] behaviors when compared to low MDA mothers. Some associations varied by sex. Perinatal MDA score was associated with methylation differences for imprinted control regions of PEG10/SGCE [females: Beta (95% CI) = 1.66 (0.52, 2.80) - Bonferroni-corrected p = 0.048; males: -0.56 (-1.13, -0.00)], as well as both MEG3 and IGF2 in males [0.97 (0.00, 1.94)] and -0.92 (-1.65, -0.19) respectively. Conclusion: In this ethnically diverse cohort, maternal adherence to a Mediterranean diet in early pregnancy was associated with favorable neurobehavioral outcomes in early childhood and with sex-dependent methylation differences of MEG3, IGF2, and SGCE/PEG10 DMRs.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Epidemiology
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/3zn9-wn72
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2018.00107
- ISSN:
- 2296-634X
- Journal Issue:
- SEP
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
- Journal Volume:
- 6
- Keyword:
- Child behavior disorders, Cord-blood methylation, Autism spectrum disorder, Epigenetics, Maternal diet, Imprinted genes, Neuro-development, and ADHD-attention deficit disorder
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- , North Carolina State University, Duke University Medical Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Duke University School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, and Virginia Commonwealth University
- Person:
- Daniels, J.L., Wright, F.A., Hoyo, C., Murphy, S.K., Gonzalez-Nahm, S., Maguire, R.L., Huang, Z., Mendez, M., House, J.S., and Fuemmeler, B.F.
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media S.A.
- Source:
- e39a69a0-551d-4944-953b-0ce722689b07
56. Untargeted metabolomics on first trimester serum implicates metabolic perturbations associated with BMI in development of hypertensive disorders: a discovery study
- Title Tesim:
- Untargeted metabolomics on first trimester serum implicates metabolic perturbations associated with BMI in development of hypertensive disorders: a discovery study
- Creator:
- Pan, Ke, Sumner, Susan C. J., McRitchie, Susan L., Li, Yuanyuan, and Harville, Emily W.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- GoalBody mass index (BMI) in early pregnancy is a critical risk factor for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). The pathobiology of the interplay between BMI and HDP is not fully understood and represents the focus of this investigation.MethodsBMI and 1st-trimester serum samples were obtained from the Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity and Stillbirth repository for 154 women (105 without HDP and 49 with HDP). Metabotyping was conducted using ultra-high-performance liquid-chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC HR-MS). Multivariable linear regression and logistic models were used to determine metabolites and pathway perturbations associated with BMI in women with and without HDP, and to determine metabolites and pathway perturbations associated with HDP for women in categories of obese, overweight, and normal weight based on the 1st trimester BMI. These outcome-associated signals were identified or annotated by matching against an in-house physical standards library and public database. Pathway analysis was conducted by the Mummichog algorithm in MetaboAnalyst.ResultVitamin D3 and lysine metabolism were enriched to associate with BMI for women with and without HDP. Tryptophan metabolism enrichment was associated with HDP in all the BMI categories. Pregnant women who developed HDP showed more metabolic perturbations with BMI (continuous) than those without HDP in their 1st-trimester serum. The HDP-associated pathways for women with normal weight indicated inflammation and immune responses. In contrast, the HDP-associated pathways for women of overweight and obese BMI indicated metabolic syndromes with disorders in glucose, protein, and amino acid, lipid and bile acid metabolism, and oxidative and inflammatory stress.ConclusionHigh first-trimester BMI indicates underlying metabolic syndromes, which play critical roles in HDP development. Vitamin D3 and tryptophan metabolism may be the targets to guide nutritional interventions to mitigate metabolic and inflammatory stress in pregnancy and reduce the onset of HDP.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Nutrition
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/852k-gw25
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1144131
- ISSN:
- 2296-861X
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Nutrition
- Journal Volume:
- 10
- Keyword:
- metabolic perturbation, untargeted metabolomics, 1st-trimester, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, and BMI
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine and
- Person:
- Pan, Ke, Sumner, Susan C. J., McRitchie, Susan L., Li, Yuanyuan, and Harville, Emily W.
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media SA
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
- Source:
- 09594d77-a0b9-416a-a429-ba957bd82791
57. State-level clustering in PrEP implementation factors among family planning clinics in the Southern United States
- Title Tesim:
- State-level clustering in PrEP implementation factors among family planning clinics in the Southern United States
- Creator:
- Psioda, Matthew A., Sales, Jessica M., McCumber, Micah, Sheth, Anandi N., Ramakrishnan, Aditi, and Enders, Kimberly P.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Background: Availability of PrEP-providing clinics is low in the Southern U.S., a region at the center of the U.S. HIV epidemic with significant HIV disparities among minoritized populations, but little is known about state-level differences in PrEP implementation in the region. We explored state-level clustering of organizational constructs relevant to PrEP implementation in family planning (FP) clinics in the Southern U.S. Methods: We surveyed providers and administrators of FP clinics not providing PrEP in 18 Southern states (Feb-Jun 2018, N = 414 respondents from 224 clinics) on these constructs: readiness to implement PrEP, PrEP knowledge/attitudes, implementation climate, leadership engagement, and available resources. We analyzed each construct using linear mixed models. A principal component analysis identified six principal components, which were inputted into a K-means clustering analysis to examine state-level clustering. Results: Three clusters (C1–3) were identified with five, three, and four states, respectively. Canonical variable 1 separated C1 and C2 from C3 and was primarily driven by PrEP readiness, HIV-specific implementation climate, PrEP-specific leadership engagement, PrEP attitudes, PrEP knowledge, and general resource availability. Canonical variable 2 distinguished C2 from C1 and was primarily driven by PrEP-specific resource availability, PrEP attitudes, and general implementation climate. All C3 states had expanded Medicaid, compared to 1 C1 state (none in C2). Conclusion: Constructs relevant for PrEP implementation exhibited state-level clustering, suggesting that tailored strategies could be used by clustered states to improve PrEP provision in FP clinics. Medicaid expansion was a common feature of states within C3, which could explain the similarity of their implementation constructs. The role of Medicaid expansion and state-level policies on PrEP implementation warrants further exploration.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Biostatistics
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/y1m0-r006
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1214411
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Public Health
- Keyword:
- implementation, PrEP, Southern U.S., women, and family planning
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- and Emory University
- Person:
- Psioda, Matthew A., Sales, Jessica M., McCumber, Micah, Sheth, Anandi N., Ramakrishnan, Aditi, and Enders, Kimberly P.
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media SA
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
- Source:
- d791467d-2bd8-4143-93d2-8ed6120bb311
58. The APC-EPCR-PAR1 axis in sickle cell disease
- Title Tesim:
- The APC-EPCR-PAR1 axis in sickle cell disease
- Creator:
- Ramadas N. and Sparkenbaugh E.M.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a group of inherited hemoglobinopathies. Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is caused by a homozygous mutation in the β-globin generating sickle hemoglobin (HbS). Deoxygenation leads to pathologic polymerization of HbS and sickling of erythrocytes. The two predominant pathologies of SCD are hemolytic anemia and vaso-occlusive episodes (VOE), along with sequelae of complications including acute chest syndrome, hepatopathy, nephropathy, pulmonary hypertension, venous thromboembolism, and stroke. SCD is associated with endothelial activation due to the release of danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as heme, recurrent ischemia–reperfusion injury, and chronic thrombin generation and inflammation. Endothelial cell activation is mediated, in part, by thrombin-dependent activation of protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1), a G protein coupled receptor that plays a role in platelet activation, endothelial permeability, inflammation, and cytotoxicity. PAR1 can also be activated by activated protein C (APC), which promotes endothelial barrier protection and cytoprotective signaling. Notably, the APC system is dysregulated in SCD. This mini-review will discuss activation of PAR1 by APC and thrombin, the APC-EPCR-PAR1 axis, and their potential roles in SCD.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Medicine
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/1d12-4q20
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1141020
- ISSN:
- 2296-858X
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Medicine
- Journal Volume:
- 10
- Keyword:
- thrombin, inflammation, sickle cell anemia, sickle cell disease, activated protein C (APC), vaso-occlusion, endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR), and protease activated receptor 1 (PAR1)
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- Person:
- Ramadas N. and Sparkenbaugh E.M.
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media SA
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
- Source:
- b9703626-6f1c-4c6c-b0a4-99d589a95e33
59. Relationships between internalized stigma and depression and suicide risk among queer youth in the United States: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Title Tesim:
- Relationships between internalized stigma and depression and suicide risk among queer youth in the United States: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Creator:
- Dawes, Hayden C., Srivastava, Ankur, Chen, Wan-Ting, Hall, William J., Bouchard, D., Williams, Denise Yookong, Ramon, Magdelene, Radtke, Spenser R., and Goldbach, Jeremy T.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Background Queer youth experience high rates of depression and suicidality. These disparities stem from stigma-based stressors, including internalized stigma (i.e., negative social views that minoritized individuals internalize about their own identity). Given the importance of this factor in understanding mental health disparities among queer youth, we completed a systematic review and meta-analysis examining the relationships between internalized stigma and outcomes of depression and suicide risk (i.e., suicidal ideation, non-suicidal self-injury, and suicidal behavior). Methods We followed the PRISMA standards. Six bibliographic databases were searched for studies in the United States from September 2008 to March 2022. Dual independent screening of search results was performed based on a priori inclusion criteria. Results A total of 22 studies were included for data extraction and review. Most studies examined general internalized homophobia, with few examining internalized biphobia or transphobia. Many studies examined depression as an outcome, few studies examined suicidal ideation or behavior, and no studies examined non-suicidal self-injury. Meta-analyses model results show the association between general internalized queer stigma and depressive symptoms ranged r = 0.19, 95% CI [0.14, 0.25] to r = 0.24, 95% CI [0.19, 0.29], the latter reflecting more uniform measures of depression. The association between internalized transphobia and depressive outcomes was small and positive (r = 0.21, 95% CI [−0.24, 0.67]). General internalized queer stigma and suicidal ideation had a very weak positive association (r = 0.07, 95% CI [−0.27, 0.41]) and an even smaller, weaker positive association with suicide attempt (r = 0.02, 95% CI [0.01, 0.03]). Conclusion Implications for clinical practice, policy, and future research are discussed.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- School of Social Work
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/wmfe-wp59
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1205581
- ISSN:
- 1664-0640
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Psychiatry
- Journal Volume:
- 14
- Keyword:
- adolescents, queer, internalized homophobia, LGB, youth, transgender, sexual minority, and internalized stigma
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- and Washington University, St. Louis
- Person:
- Dawes, Hayden C., Srivastava, Ankur, Chen, Wan-Ting, Hall, William J., Bouchard, D., Williams, Denise Yookong, Ramon, Magdelene, Radtke, Spenser R., and Goldbach, Jeremy T.
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media SA
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
- Source:
- 94ebc871-7f86-4b76-ab9e-3f9e7ed23259
60. Race and sex differences in dropout from the STRRIDE trials
- Title Tesim:
- Race and sex differences in dropout from the STRRIDE trials
- Creator:
- Smith P.J., Siegler I.C., Huffman K.M., Wolever R.Q., Jakicic J.M., Costa P.T., Ross L.M., Collins K.A., and Kraus W.E.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Purpose: To determine if race and sex differences exist in determinants and timing of dropout among individuals enrolled in an exercise and/or caloric restriction intervention. Methods: A total of 947 adults with dyslipidemia (STRRIDE I, STRRIDE AT/RT) or prediabetes (STRRIDE-PD) were randomized to either inactive control or to 1 of 10 exercise interventions, ranging from doses of 8–23 kcal/kg/week, intensities of 50%–75% (Formula presented.) peak, and durations of 6–8 months. Two groups included resistance training, and one included a dietary intervention (7% weight loss goal). Dropout was defined as an individual withdrawn from the study, with the reasons for dropout aggregated into determinant categories. Timing of dropout was defined as the last session attended and aggregated into phases (i.e., “ramp” period to allow gradual adaptation to exercise prescription). Utilizing descriptive statistics, percentages were generated according to categories of determinants and timing of dropout to describe the proportion of individuals who fell within each category. Results: Black men and women were more likely to be lost to follow-up (Black men: 31.3% and Black women: 19.6%), or dropout due to work responsibilities (15.6% and 12.5%), “change of mind” (12.5% and 8.9%), transportation issues (6.3% and 3.6%), or reported lack of motivation (6.3% and 3.6%). Women in general noted lack of time more often than men as a reason for dropout (White women: 22.4% and Black women: 22.1%). Regardless of race and sex, most participants dropped out during the ramp period of the exercise intervention; with Black women (50%) and White men (37.1%) having the highest dropout rate during this period. Conclusion: These findings emphasize the importance of targeted retention strategies when aiming to address race and sex differences that exist in determinants and timing of dropout among individuals enrolled in an exercise and/or caloric restriction intervention.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Psychiatry
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/cfth-3m45
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1215704
- ISSN:
- 2624-9367
- Journal Title:
- Frontiers in Sports and Active Living
- Journal Volume:
- 5
- Keyword:
- non-compliance, health disparity, lifestyle intervention, retention, and adherence
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- , Duke University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, and University of Kansas, Medical Center
- Person:
- Smith P.J., Siegler I.C., Huffman K.M., Wolever R.Q., Jakicic J.M., Costa P.T., Ross L.M., Collins K.A., and Kraus W.E.
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media SA
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
- Source:
- 4af7d5f3-ca4f-4616-bb40-cbf8703d5871
Collection Details
- Total items
-
698
- Size
-
unknown
- Date created
-
May 26, 2022