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711. Pre-dive Whole-Body Vibration Better Reduces Decompression-Induced Vascular Gas Emboli than Oxygenation or a Combination of Both

Title Tesim:
Pre-dive Whole-Body Vibration Better Reduces Decompression-Induced Vascular Gas Emboli than Oxygenation or a Combination of Both
Creator:
Guerrero, François, Papadopoulou, Virginie, Lafère, Pierre, Theunissen, Sigrid, Le Mener, Cedric, Balestra, Costantino, and Germonpré, Peter
Date of publication:
2016
Abstract Tesim:
Purpose: Since non-provocative dive profiles are no guarantor of protection against decompression sickness, novel means including pre-dive “preconditioning” interventions, are proposed for its prevention. This study investigated and compared the effect of pre-dive oxygenation, pre-dive whole body vibration or a combination of both on post-dive bubble formation.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Biomedical Engineering - Biomedical Engineering
Deposit Record:
http://windsor.libint.unc.edu:8181/fcrepo/rest/prod/e2/82/bb/5c/e282bb5c-ecfc-4dd2-8603-2a46b5cc8e4b
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/rpcb-ab47
Identifier:
Onescience id: af652f69318ea317bdf992bcf5afc6695a29388e, PMCID: PMC5127795, PMID: 27965591, and Publisher DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2016.00586
ISSN:
1664-042X
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Physiology
Journal Volume:
7
Keyword:
Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles, risk factors, Neurophysiologie, Sciences biomédicales, preconditioning, Education physique, diving/*adverse effects, risk assessment, Médecine de l'environnement, Physiologie générale [biophysique], Médecine pathologie humaine, and decompression sickness/*etiology/metabolism
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
ORPHY Laboratory; EA 4324; Université de Bretagne Occidentale, DAN Europe Research Division, Environmental; Occupational; Ageing (Integrative) Physiology Laboratory; Haute Ecole Bruxelles-Brabant - HE2B, Motor Sciences; Université Libre de Bruxelles, Anatomical Research Training and Education (ARTE); Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Anatomical Research and Clinical Studies (ARCS); Vrije Universiteit Brussel, and Center for Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy; Military Hospital 'Queen Astrid'
Person:
Guerrero, François, Papadopoulou, Virginie, Lafère, Pierre, Theunissen, Sigrid, Le Mener, Cedric, Balestra, Costantino, and Germonpré, Peter
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
cj82kd27d

712. Endurance Training Intensity Does Not Mediate Interference to Maximal Lower-Body Strength Gain during Short-Term Concurrent Training

Title Tesim:
Endurance Training Intensity Does Not Mediate Interference to Maximal Lower-Body Strength Gain during Short-Term Concurrent Training
Creator:
Stepto, Nigel K., Bishop, David J., Bartlett, Jonathan D., Fyfe, Jackson J., and Hanson, Erik D.
Date of publication:
2016
Abstract Tesim:
We determined the effect of concurrent training incorporating either high-intensity interval training (HIT) or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on maximal strength, counter-movement jump (CMJ) performance, and body composition adaptations, compared with single-mode resistance training (RT). Twenty-three recreationally-active males (mean ± SD: age, 29.6 ± 5.5 y; V˙O2peak, 44 ± 11 mL kg−1·min−1) underwent 8 weeks (3 sessions·wk−1) of either: (1) HIT combined with RT (HIT+RT group, n = 8), (2) work-matched MICT combined with RT (MICT+RT group, n = 7), or (3) RT performed alone (RT group, n = 8). Measures of aerobic capacity, maximal (1-RM) strength, CMJ performance and body composition (DXA) were obtained before (PRE), mid-way (MID), and after (POST) training. Maximal (one-repetition maximum [1-RM]) leg press strength was improved from PRE to POST for RT (mean change ± 90% confidence interval; 38.5 ± 8.5%; effect size [ES] ± 90% confidence interval; 1.26 ± 0.24; P < 0.001), HIT+RT (28.7 ± 5.3%; ES, 1.17 ± 0.19; P < 0.001), and MICT+RT (27.5 ± 4.6%, ES, 0.81 ± 0.12; P < 0.001); however, the magnitude of this change was greater for RT vs. both HIT+RT (7.4 ± 8.7%; ES, 0.40 ± 0.40) and MICT+RT (8.2 ± 9.9%; ES, 0.60 ± 0.45). There were no substantial between-group differences in 1-RM bench press strength gain. RT induced greater changes in peak CMJ force vs. HIT+RT (6.8 ± 4.5%; ES, 0.41 ± 0.28) and MICT+RT (9.9 ± 11.2%; ES, 0.54 ± 0.65), and greater improvements in maximal CMJ rate of force development (RFD) vs. HIT+RT (24.1 ± 26.1%; ES, 0.72 ± 0.88). Lower-body lean mass was similarly increased for RT (4.1 ± 2.0%; ES; 0.33 ± 0.16; P = 0.023) and MICT+RT (3.6 ± 2.4%; ES; 0.45 ± 0.30; P = 0.052); however, this change was attenuated for HIT+RT (1.8 ± 1.6%; ES; 0.13 ± 0.12; P = 0.069). We conclude that concurrent training incorporating either HIT or work-matched MICT similarly attenuates improvements in maximal lower-body strength and indices of CMJ performance compared with RT performed alone. This suggests endurance training intensity is not a critical mediator of interference to maximal strength gain during short-term concurrent training.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Exercise and Sport Science
Deposit Record:
http://windsor.libint.unc.edu:8181/fcrepo/rest/prod/e2/82/bb/5c/e282bb5c-ecfc-4dd2-8603-2a46b5cc8e4b
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/rbnb-c475
Identifier:
PMID: 27857692, Publisher DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2016.00487, Onescience id: d161e7cdb3111595b107aa485f97ff449772d2bc, and PMCID: PMC5093324
ISSN:
1664-042X
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Physiology
Journal Volume:
7
Keyword:
1106 Human Movement and Sports Science, MICT, high-intensity interval training, College of Sports and Exercise Science, Institute of Sport, CMJ, moderate-intensity continuous training, high-intensity interval training; moderate-intensity continuous training; counter-movement jump performance; CMJ; jumping; exercise; HIT; MICT, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), HIT, jumping, counter-movement jump performance, and exercise
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
College of Sport and Exercise Science; Victoria University, Institute of Sport; Exercise and Active Living; College of Sport and Exercise Science; Victoria University, and Western Bulldogs Football Club
Person:
Stepto, Nigel K., Bishop, David J., Bartlett, Jonathan D., Fyfe, Jackson J., and Hanson, Erik D.
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
7s75dj157

713. Phytoagent Deoxyelephantopin and Its Derivative Inhibit Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cell Activity through ROS-Mediated Exosomal Activity and Protein Functions

Title Tesim:
Phytoagent Deoxyelephantopin and Its Derivative Inhibit Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cell Activity through ROS-Mediated Exosomal Activity and Protein Functions
Creator:
Lee, Kuo-Hsiung, Chang, Yong-Qun, Shiau, Jeng-Yuan, Nakagawa-Goto, Kyoko, and Shyur, Lie-Fen
Date of publication:
2017
Abstract Tesim:
A novel plant sesquiterpene lactone derivative, DET derivative (DETD)-35, originating from parental deoxyelephantopin (DET) was previously observed to effectively suppress human triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) MDA-MB-231 cell activity and tumor growth in mice. In this study, the mechanisms underlying the activity of DETD-35 were elucidated. DET and DETD-35 induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) which caused structural damage and dysfunction of mitochondria and increased cytosolic calcium level, subsequently evoking exosome release from the cancer cells. Intriguingly, exosomes induced by both compounds had an atypical function. Cancer cell-derived exosomes commonly show metastatic potential, but upon DET/DETD-35 treatment exosomes showed anti-proliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 cells. Quantitative proteome analysis of TNBC cell-secreted exosomes showed that DET and DETD-35 attenuated the expression of proteins related to cell migration, cell adhesion, and angiogenesis. Furthermore, several exosomal proteins participating in biological mechanisms such as oxidative stress and decrease of transmembrane potential of mitochondria were found deregulated by treatment with either compound. Pretreatment with ROS scavenger, N-acetylcysteine, blockaded DET- or DETD-35-induced oxidative stress and calcium dependent exosome release mechanisms, and also reverted DET- or DETD-35-induced reprogramming exosomal protein expression profiles resulting in attenuation of exosomal toxicity against TNBC cell proliferation. In summary, this study shows that a plant-derived sesquiterpene lactone DET and its analog DETD-35 inhibitory TNBC cell activities through oxidative stress-induced cancer cell releasing exosomes in tandem with alteration of exosomal protein composition and functions. The findings of this study suggest that DETD-35 may be suitable for further development into an anti-TNBC drug.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Eshelman School of Pharmacy
Deposit Record:
http://windsor.libint.unc.edu:8181/fcrepo/rest/prod/e2/82/bb/5c/e282bb5c-ecfc-4dd2-8603-2a46b5cc8e4b
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/f2yh-8869
Identifier:
PMID: 28706483, Publisher DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2017.00398, PMCID: PMC5490438, and Onescience id: ab84e2f5da8e58cf602aee8cc863e2c722d87aa5
ISSN:
1663-9812
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Pharmacology
Journal Volume:
8
Keyword:
oxidative stress, Sesquiterpene lactone, exosomal proteome, cancer therapy, sesquiterpene lactone, breast cancer, and Oxidative Stress
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Department of Biochemical Science and Technology; College of Life Science; National Taiwan University, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center; Academia Sinica, Institute of Biotechnology; National Taiwan University, College of Medical; Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences; Kanazawa University, and Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy; Taipei Medical University
Person:
Lee, Kuo-Hsiung, Chang, Yong-Qun, Shiau, Jeng-Yuan, Nakagawa-Goto, Kyoko, and Shyur, Lie-Fen
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
qb98mm06x

714. Transitioning Pharmacogenomics into the Clinical Setting: Training Future Pharmacists

Title Tesim:
Transitioning Pharmacogenomics into the Clinical Setting: Training Future Pharmacists
Creator:
Bradley, Courtney L., Scolaro, Kelly L., Wang, Nan, Wiltshire, Tim, Frick, Amber, McLaughlin, Jacqueline E., Suzuki, Oscar T., and Benton, Cristina S.
Date of publication:
2016
Abstract Tesim:
Pharmacogenomics, once hailed as a futuristic approach to pharmacotherapy, has transitioned to clinical implementation. Although logistic and economic limitations to clinical pharmacogenomics are being superseded by external measures such as preemptive genotyping, implementation by clinicians has met resistance, partly due to a lack of education. Pharmacists, with extensive training in pharmacology and pharmacotherapy and accessibility to patients, are ideally suited to champion clinical pharmacogenomics. This study aimed to analyze the outcomes of an innovative pharmacogenomic teaching approach. Second-year student pharmacists enrolled in a required, 15-week pharmaceutical care lab course in 2015 completed educational activities including lectures and small group work focusing on practical pharmacogenomics. Reflecting the current landscape of direct-to-consumer (DTC) genomic testing, students were offered 23andMe genotyping. Students completed surveys regarding their attitudes and confidence on pharmacogenomics prior to and following the educational intervention. Paired pre- and post-intervention responses were analyzed with McNemar's test for binary comparisons and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for Likert items. Responses between genotyped and non-genotyped students were analyzed with Fisher's exact test for binary comparisons and the Mann-Whitney U-test for Likert items. Responses were analyzed for all student pharmacists who voluntarily completed the pre-intervention survey (N = 121, 83% response) and for student pharmacists who completed both pre- and post-intervention surveys (N = 39, 27% response). Of those who completed both pre- and post-intervention surveys, 59% obtained genotyping. Student pharmacists demonstrated a significant increase in their knowledge of pharmacogenomic resources (17.9 vs. 56.4%, p < 0.0001) and confidence in applying pharmacogenomic information to manage patients' drug therapy (28.2 vs. 48.7%, p = 0.01), particularly if the student had received genotyping. Student pharmacists understanding of the risks and benefits of using personal genome testing services significantly increased (55.3 vs. 86.8%, p = 0.001) along with agreement that personal genomics would likely play an important role in their future career (47.4 vs. 76.3%, p = 0.01), particularly among students who participated in genotyping. The educational intervention, including personal genotyping, was feasible, and positively enhanced students' reflections, and attitudes toward pharmacogenomics in a professional pharmacy program.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics and Eshelman School of Pharmacy
Deposit Record:
http://windsor.libint.unc.edu:8181/fcrepo/rest/prod/e2/82/bb/5c/e282bb5c-ecfc-4dd2-8603-2a46b5cc8e4b
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/h1gp-7690
Identifier:
PMID: 27551265, Publisher DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2016.00241, PMCID: PMC4976536, and Onescience id: 342f99af1e1a21b93b755f2278020cef9f0473bc
ISSN:
1663-9812
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Pharmacology
Journal Volume:
7
Keyword:
pharmacogenomics education, clinical pharmacogenomics implementation, direct-to-consumer personal genotyping, preemptive genotyping, and student pharmacists
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Clinical Science Department; Fred Wilson School of Pharmacy; High Point University and Pharmacy Practice Department; School of Pharmacy; Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine
Person:
Bradley, Courtney L., Scolaro, Kelly L., Wang, Nan, Wiltshire, Tim, Frick, Amber, McLaughlin, Jacqueline E., Suzuki, Oscar T., and Benton, Cristina S.
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
nz806454k

715. Risk Factors for Neurocognitive Functioning in Children with Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease

Title Tesim:
Risk Factors for Neurocognitive Functioning in Children with Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease
Creator:
Stenke, Emily, Knaus, Ulla, and Bourke, Billy
Date of publication:
2017
Abstract Tesim:
This mini review provides an overview of the issues and challenges inherent in autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD), with a particular focus on the neurological factors and neurocognitive functioning of this population. ARPKD typically is discovered at the end of pregnancy or during the neonatal developmental period and occurs in approximately 1 in 20,000 live births. During the neonatal period, there is a relatively high risk of death, with many infants dying from respiratory failure. As the child ages, they experience progressive kidney disease and become increasingly vulnerable to liver disease, with many individuals eventually requiring dual organ transplants. This mini review provides a brief description of ARPKD and describes the various factors that place children with ARPKD at risk for neurological and neuropsychological impairment (e.g., a genetic condition leading to chronic kidney disease and eventual transplant; difficult-to-treat hypertension; eventual liver disease; possible dual transplantation of the kidneys and liver; chronic lung disease), including that these factors are present during a critical period of brain development. Further, the mini review discusses the available studies that have addressed the neurocognitive functioning in children with ARPKD. This paper concludes by providing the key clinical and research challenges that face the field of pediatric nephrology with respect to the clinical and scientific study of the neurocognitive functioning of children with ARPKD. Selected directions are offered in both the clinical and research arenas for this multiorgan chronic condition.
Resource type:
Article
Deposit Record:
http://windsor.libint.unc.edu:8181/fcrepo/rest/prod/e2/82/bb/5c/e282bb5c-ecfc-4dd2-8603-2a46b5cc8e4b
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/d1w8-g778
Identifier:
PMCID: PMC5430025, Publisher DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2017.00107, Onescience id: d3119f9b9e51ca927e26e9ffccfadd33ff972e29, and PMID: 28555180
ISSN:
2296-2360
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Pediatrics
Journal Volume:
5
Keyword:
autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease, polycystic kidney diseases, neurocognition in autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease, pediatric autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease, and risk factors for neurocognitive dysfunction in autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
School of Medicine; Conway Institute; University College Dublin and Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology; Our Lady's Children's Hospital
Person:
Stenke, Emily, Knaus, Ulla, and Bourke, Billy
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
gm80j122j

716. Increasing JAK/STAT Signaling Function of Infant CD4+ T Cells during the First Year of Life

Title Tesim:
Increasing JAK/STAT Signaling Function of Infant CD4+ T Cells during the First Year of Life
Creator:
dela Peña-Ponce, Myra Grace, Mollan, Katie R., Rodriguez-Nieves, Jennifer, Bernhardt, Janice, De Paris, Kristina, Hudgens, Michael G., Peter-Wohl, Sigal, Mengual, Michael, Choudhary, Neelima, and Tuck, Ryan
Date of publication:
2017
Abstract Tesim:
Most infant deaths occur in the first year of life. Yet, our knowledge of immune development during this period is scarce and derived from cord blood (CB) only. To more effectively combat pediatric diseases, a deeper understanding of the kinetics and the factors that regulate the maturation of immune functions in early life is needed. Increased disease susceptibility of infants is generally attributed to T helper 2-biased immune responses. The differentiation of CD4+ T cells along a specific T helper cell lineage is dependent on the pathogen type, and on costimulatory and cytokine signals provided by antigen-presenting cells. Cytokines also regulate many other aspects of the host immune response. Therefore, toward the goal of increasing our knowledge of early immune development, we defined the temporal development of the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling function of CD4+ T cells using cross-sectional blood samples from healthy infants ages 0 (birth) to 14 months. We specifically focused on cytokines important in T cell differentiation (IFN-γ, IL-12, and IL-4) or in T cell survival and expansion (IL-2 and IL-7) in infant CD4+ T cells. Independent of the cytokine tested, JAK/STAT signaling in infant compared to adult CD4+ T cells was impaired at birth, but increased during the first year, with the most pronounced changes occurring in the first 6 months. The relative change in JAK/STAT signaling of infant CD4+ T cells with age was distinct for each cytokine tested. Thus, while about 60% of CB CD4+ T cells could efficiently activate STAT6 in response to IL-4, less than 5% of CB CD4+ T cells were able to activate the JAK/STAT pathway in response to IFN-γ, IL-12 or IL-2. By 4–6 months of age, the activation of the cytokine-specific STAT molecules was comparable to adults in response to IL-4 and IFN-γ, while IL-2- and IL-12-induced STAT activation remained below adult levels even at 1 year. These results suggest that common developmental and cytokine-specific factors regulate the maturation of the JAK/STAT signaling function in CD4+ T cells during the first year of life.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Pediatrics, and Gillings School of Global Public Health
Deposit Record:
http://windsor.libint.unc.edu:8181/fcrepo/rest/prod/e2/82/bb/5c/e282bb5c-ecfc-4dd2-8603-2a46b5cc8e4b
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/pt6g-1308
Identifier:
Publisher DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2017.00015, PMCID: PMC5318443, PMID: 28271056, and Onescience id: 017a42d9b49f06481f224c11cc4b162efc2be3f9
ISSN:
2296-2360
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Pediatrics
Journal Volume:
5
Keyword:
STAT activation, Pediatrics, infant CD4+ T cell development, Original Research, Cytokines, Age-dependent changes, cytokines, T cell function, infant immune development, T helper cell differentiation, age-dependent changes, and JAK/STAT signaling
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Person:
dela Peña-Ponce, Myra Grace, Mollan, Katie R., Rodriguez-Nieves, Jennifer, Bernhardt, Janice, De Paris, Kristina, Hudgens, Michael G., Peter-Wohl, Sigal, Mengual, Michael, Choudhary, Neelima, and Tuck, Ryan
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
k0698d48g

717. UNC-Emory Infant Atlases for Macaque Brain Image Analysis: Postnatal Brain Development through 12 Months

Title Tesim:
UNC-Emory Infant Atlases for Macaque Brain Image Analysis: Postnatal Brain Development through 12 Months
Creator:
Yapuncich, Eva, Young, Jeffrey T., Budin, Francois, Payne, Christa, Styner, Martin A., Howell, Brittany, Godfrey, Jodi, Rumple, Ashley, Shi, Yundi, Zhang, Xiaodong, Hu, Xiaoping, and Sanchez, Mar M.
Date of publication:
2017
Abstract Tesim:
Computational anatomical atlases have shown to be of immense value in neuroimaging as they provide age appropriate reference spaces alongside ancillary anatomical information for automated analysis such as subcortical structural definitions, cortical parcellations or white fiber tract regions. Standard workflows in neuroimaging necessitate such atlases to be appropriately selected for the subject population of interest. This is especially of importance in early postnatal brain development, where rapid changes in brain shape and appearance render neuroimaging workflows sensitive to the appropriate atlas choice. We present here a set of novel computation atlases for structural MRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging as crucial resource for the analysis of MRI data from non-human primate rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) data in early postnatal brain development. Forty socially-housed infant macaques were scanned longitudinally at ages 2 weeks, 3, 6, and 12 months in order to create cross-sectional structural and DTI atlases via unbiased atlas building at each of these ages. Probabilistic spatial prior definitions for the major tissue classes were trained on each atlas with expert manual segmentations. In this article we present the development and use of these atlases with publicly available tools, as well as the atlases themselves, which are publicly disseminated to the scientific community.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Psychiatry
Deposit Record:
http://windsor.libint.unc.edu:8181/fcrepo/rest/prod/e2/82/bb/5c/e282bb5c-ecfc-4dd2-8603-2a46b5cc8e4b
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/k5dw-7j24
Identifier:
Onescience id: 70d0183aed95500c7f18d0950c912931f9b461e9, PMID: 28119564, PMCID: PMC5222830, and Publisher DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00617
ISSN:
1662-4548 and 1662-453X
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Neuroscience
Journal Volume:
10
Keyword:
neuroimaging, non-human primate, automatic segmentation, white matter pathways, magnetic resonance imaging, computational atlases, diffusion tensor imaging, and macaque
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Department of Computer Science, Kitware Inc., Division of Autism and Related Developmental Disabilities; Department of Pediatrics; Marcus Autism Center; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta; Emory School of Medicine, Department of Child Psychology; Institute of Child Development; University of Minnesota, Yerkes National Primate Research Center; Emory University, Department of Bioengineering; University of California; Riverside, and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; Emory University
Person:
Yapuncich, Eva, Young, Jeffrey T., Budin, Francois, Payne, Christa, Styner, Martin A., Howell, Brittany, Godfrey, Jodi, Rumple, Ashley, Shi, Yundi, Zhang, Xiaodong, Hu, Xiaoping, and Sanchez, Mar M.
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
h989r790m

718. The Electrically Evoked Compound Action Potential: From Laboratory to Clinic

Title Tesim:
The Electrically Evoked Compound Action Potential: From Laboratory to Clinic
Creator:
He, Shuman, Teagle, Holly F.B., and Buchman, Craig A.
Date of publication:
2017
Abstract Tesim:
The electrically evoked compound action potential (eCAP) represents the synchronous firing of a population of electrically stimulated auditory nerve fibers. It can be directly recorded on a surgically exposed nerve trunk in animals or from an intra-cochlear electrode of a cochlear implant. In the past two decades, the eCAP has been widely recorded in both animals and clinical patient populations using different testing paradigms. This paper provides an overview of recording methodologies and response characteristics of the eCAP, as well as its potential applications in research and clinical situations. Relevant studies are reviewed and implications for clinicians are discussed.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery
Deposit Record:
http://windsor.libint.unc.edu:8181/fcrepo/rest/prod/e2/82/bb/5c/e282bb5c-ecfc-4dd2-8603-2a46b5cc8e4b
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/8sfp-f255
Identifier:
PMCID: PMC5481377, Onescience id: 5c70cb193336bf3c3b7bbfa731b1803437562f10, PMID: 28690494, and Publisher DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2017.00339
ISSN:
1662-4548 and 1662-453X
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Neuroscience
Journal Volume:
11
Keyword:
electrically evoked compound action potential, Electrically evoked compound action potential, auditory nerve, cochlear implant outcome, clinical application, and stimulating paradigm
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Center for Hearing Research; Boys Town National Research Hospital and Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Washington University
Person:
He, Shuman, Teagle, Holly F.B., and Buchman, Craig A.
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
4t64gs92v

719. Intraoperative Electrocochleographic Characteristics of Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder in Cochlear Implant Subjects

Title Tesim:
Intraoperative Electrocochleographic Characteristics of Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder in Cochlear Implant Subjects
Creator:
Fitzpatrick, Douglas C., Giardina, Christopher K., Adunka, Oliver F., Fontenot, Tatyana E., Riggs, William J., Buchman, Craig A., Bastian, Zachary J., Harris, Michael S., Brown, Kevin D., and Roche, Joseph P.
Date of publication:
2017
Abstract Tesim:
Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) is characterized by an apparent discrepancy between measures of cochlear and neural function based on auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing. Clinical indicators of ANSD are a present cochlear microphonic (CM) with small or absent wave V. Many identified ANSD patients have speech impairment severe enough that cochlear implantation (CI) is indicated. To better understand the cochleae identified with ANSD that lead to a CI, we performed intraoperative round window electrocochleography (ECochG) to tone bursts in children (n = 167) and adults (n = 163). Magnitudes of the responses to tones of different frequencies were summed to measure the “total response” (ECochG-TR), a metric often dominated by hair cell activity, and auditory nerve activity was estimated visually from the compound action potential (CAP) and auditory nerve neurophonic (ANN) as a ranked “Nerve Score”. Subjects identified as ANSD (45 ears in children, 3 in adults) had higher values of ECochG-TR than adult and pediatric subjects also receiving CIs not identified as ANSD. However, nerve scores of the ANSD group were similar to the other cohorts, although dominated by the ANN to low frequencies more than in the non-ANSD groups. To high frequencies, the common morphology of ANSD cases was a large CM and summating potential, and small or absent CAP. Common morphologies in other groups were either only a CM, or a combination of CM and CAP. These results indicate that responses to high frequencies, derived primarily from hair cells, are the main source of the CM used to evaluate ANSD in the clinical setting. However, the clinical tests do not capture the wide range of neural activity seen to low frequency sounds.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery
Deposit Record:
http://windsor.libint.unc.edu:8181/fcrepo/rest/prod/e2/82/bb/5c/e282bb5c-ecfc-4dd2-8603-2a46b5cc8e4b
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/nhb5-kr37
Identifier:
PMCID: PMC5515907, PMID: 28769753, Publisher DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2017.00416, and Onescience id: 3d0067c014327a358d90a1a6fa800810c18dcb13
ISSN:
1662-4548 and 1662-453X
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Neuroscience
Journal Volume:
11
Keyword:
cochlear microphonic, pediatrics, cochlear implants, intraoperative, auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder, and electrocochleography
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, and Lab Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; University of Wisconsin School of Medicine
Person:
Fitzpatrick, Douglas C., Giardina, Christopher K., Adunka, Oliver F., Fontenot, Tatyana E., Riggs, William J., Buchman, Craig A., Bastian, Zachary J., Harris, Michael S., Brown, Kevin D., and Roche, Joseph P.
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
bg257m12x

720. Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow during an Alteration in Glycemic State in a Large Non-human Primate (Papio hamadryas sp.)

Title Tesim:
Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow during an Alteration in Glycemic State in a Large Non-human Primate (Papio hamadryas sp.)
Creator:
Comuzzie, Anthony G., Bastarrachea, Raul A., Frost, Patrice, Wang, Danny J.J., Fox, Peter T., Davis, Michael D., Voruganti, Venkata S., Wey, Hsiao-Ying, Kochunov, Peter, Mattern, Vicki, Lancaster, Jack L., Higgins, Paul B., Lin, Ai-Ling, and Andrade, Marcia C.R.
Date of publication:
2017
Abstract Tesim:
Changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) during a hyperglycemic challenge were mapped, using perfusion-weighted MRI, in a group of non-human primates. Seven female baboons were fasted for 16 h prior to 1-h imaging experiment, performed under general anesthesia, that consisted of a 20-min baseline, followed by a bolus infusion of glucose (500 mg/kg). CBF maps were collected every 7 s and blood glucose and insulin levels were sampled at regular intervals. Blood glucose levels rose from 51.3 ± 10.9 to 203.9 ± 38.9 mg/dL and declined to 133.4 ± 22.0 mg/dL, at the end of the experiment. Regional CBF changes consisted of four clusters: cerebral cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus, and mesencephalon. Increases in the hypothalamic blood flow occurred concurrently with the regulatory response to systemic glucose change, whereas CBF declined for other clusters. The return to baseline of hypothalamic blood flow was observed while CBF was still increasing in other brain regions. The spatial pattern of extra-hypothalamic CBF changes was correlated with the patterns of several cerebral networks including the default mode network. These findings suggest that hypothalamic blood flow response to systemic glucose levels can potentially be explained by regulatory activity. The response of extra-hypothalamic clusters followed a different time course and its spatial pattern resembled that of the default-mode network.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Nutrition
Deposit Record:
http://windsor.libint.unc.edu:8181/fcrepo/rest/prod/e2/82/bb/5c/e282bb5c-ecfc-4dd2-8603-2a46b5cc8e4b
Type:
http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/xg6e-h870
Identifier:
PMCID: PMC5306336, Publisher DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2017.00049, Onescience id: 7843add9183029d2ef02b8de0d825626de8368a8, and PMID: 28261040
ISSN:
1662-453X and 1662-4548
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Neuroscience
Journal Volume:
11
Keyword:
arterial spin labeling, Journal Article, default state network, resting state network, cerebral blood flow, perfusion imaging, and hyperglycemic challenge
Language Label:
English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Department of Genetics; Texas Biomedical Research Institute, Southwest National Primate Research Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute; Keck School of Medicine; University of Southern California, Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center; University of California at Los Angeles, Research Imaging Institute; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Radiology; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard Medical School, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center; University of Maryland School of Medicine, and Center for Laboratory Animal Breeding; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation
Person:
Comuzzie, Anthony G., Bastarrachea, Raul A., Frost, Patrice, Wang, Danny J.J., Fox, Peter T., Davis, Michael D., Voruganti, Venkata S., Wey, Hsiao-Ying, Kochunov, Peter, Mattern, Vicki, Lancaster, Jack L., Higgins, Paul B., Lin, Ai-Ling, and Andrade, Marcia C.R.
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
jm214v11h