Genetically Determined Height and Risk of Non-hodgkin Lymphoma
Creator:
Wong Doo, N., Brennan, P., Berndt, S.I., Machiela, M.J., Ferri, G.M., Monnereau, A., Cerhan, J.R., Jackson, R.D., Cox, D.G., Stewart, C., Camp, N.J., Conde, L., Moore, A., North, K.E., Clavel, J., Hjalgrim, H., Piro, S., Weinstein, S., Patel, A.V., Vijai, J., Kane, E., Link, B.K., Teras, L.R., McKay, J., Wang, Z., Southey, M.C., Boffetta, P., Bisanzi, S., Molina, T.J., Vermeulen, R.C.H., Panagiotou, O.A., Glimelius, B., Glenn, M., Offit, K., Bracci, P.M., Brooks-Wilson, A.R., Chatterjee, N., Cozen, W., Weiderpass, E., Liebow, M., Albanes, D., Canzian, F., Chanock, S.J., Vajdic, C.M., Tinker, L.F., Padoan, M., Zheng, T., Benavente, Y., Severson, R.K., de Sanjose, S., Milne, R.L., Ghesquières, H., Riboli, E., Giles, G.G., Birmann, B.M., Rothman, N., Smedby, K.E., Slager, S.L., Spinelli, J.J., Salles, G., Staines, A., Skibola, C.F., Maynadie, M., Zhang, Y., Lan, Q., Becker, N., Nieters, A., Adami, H.-O., Habermann, T.M., Ravichandran, V., Travis, R.C., Gapstur, S.M., Foretova, L., Miligi, L., Arslan, A.A., Curtin, K., Melbye, M., Morton, L.M., and Purdue, M.P.
Date of publication:
2020
Abstract Tesim:
Although the evidence is not consistent, epidemiologic studies have suggested that taller adult height may be associated with an increased risk of some non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) subtypes. Height is largely determined by genetic factors, but how these genetic factors may contribute to NHL risk is unknown. We investigated the relationship between genetic determinants of height and NHL risk using data from eight genome-wide association studies (GWAS) comprising 10,629 NHL cases, including 3,857 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 2,847 follicular lymphoma (FL), 3,100 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and 825 marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) cases, and 9,505 controls of European ancestry. We evaluated genetically predicted height by constructing polygenic risk scores using 833 height-associated SNPs. We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for association between genetically determined height and the risk of four NHL subtypes in each GWAS and then used fixed-effect meta-analysis to combine subtype results across studies. We found suggestive evidence between taller genetically determined height and increased CLL risk (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.00–1.17, p = 0.049), which was slightly stronger among women (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.01–1.31, p = 0.036). No significant associations were observed with DLBCL, FL, or MZL. Our findings suggest that there may be some shared genetic factors between CLL and height, but other endogenous or environmental factors may underlie reported epidemiologic height associations with other subtypes.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Epidemiology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/f4x7-6y76
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2019.01539
ISSN:
2234-943X
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Oncology
Journal Volume:
9
Keyword:
diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, polygenic risk score, height, marginal zone lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, genetics, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
Other Affiliation:
Cancer Council Victoria, International Agency for Research on Cancer, National Cancer Institute, University of Bari, Université Paris Descartes, Mayo Clinic, The Ohio State University, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, University of Utah, University College London, , Statens Serum Institut, Oncological Network, Prevention and Research Institute, American Cancer Society, University of York, University of Iowa, University of Melbourne, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Utrecht University, Brown University, Uppsala University, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of California, San Francisco, Simon Fraser University, Johns Hopkins University, University of Southern California, World Health Organization, German Cancer Research Center, University of New South Wales, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Piemonte Orientale, Brown School of Public Health, Catalan Institute of Oncology-IDIBELL, Wayne State University, Imperial College London, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Karolinska University, University of British Columbia, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Dublin City University, Emory University, University of Burgundy, Yale School of Public Health, University Medical Center Freiburg, Karolinska Institutet, University of Oxford, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, Stanford University, and Ontario Health Study
Person:
Wong Doo, N., Brennan, P., Berndt, S.I., Machiela, M.J., Ferri, G.M., Monnereau, A., Cerhan, J.R., Jackson, R.D., Cox, D.G., Stewart, C., Camp, N.J., Conde, L., Moore, A., North, K.E., Clavel, J., Hjalgrim, H., Piro, S., Weinstein, S., Patel, A.V., Vijai, J., Kane, E., Link, B.K., Teras, L.R., McKay, J., Wang, Z., Southey, M.C., Boffetta, P., Bisanzi, S., Molina, T.J., Vermeulen, R.C.H., Panagiotou, O.A., Glimelius, B., Glenn, M., Offit, K., Bracci, P.M., Brooks-Wilson, A.R., Chatterjee, N., Cozen, W., Weiderpass, E., Liebow, M., Albanes, D., Canzian, F., Chanock, S.J., Vajdic, C.M., Tinker, L.F., Padoan, M., Zheng, T., Benavente, Y., Severson, R.K., de Sanjose, S., Milne, R.L., Ghesquières, H., Riboli, E., Giles, G.G., Birmann, B.M., Rothman, N., Smedby, K.E., Slager, S.L., Spinelli, J.J., Salles, G., Staines, A., Skibola, C.F., Maynadie, M., Zhang, Y., Lan, Q., Becker, N., Nieters, A., Adami, H.-O., Habermann, T.M., Ravichandran, V., Travis, R.C., Gapstur, S.M., Foretova, L., Miligi, L., Arslan, A.A., Curtin, K., Melbye, M., Morton, L.M., and Purdue, M.P.
Tracing the Distribution of European Lactase Persistence Genotypes Along the Americas
Creator:
Weiss, S., Borges, V., Guimarães Alves, A.C., Arboleda-Bustos, C.E., Tarazona-Santos, E., Rainha de Souza, I., Santolalla, M., Santos-Lobato, B.L., O’Connor, T.D., Sanchez, C., Lehtonen Rodrigues Souza, R., Guio, H., Sukow, N.M., Lima-Costa, M.F., Barreto, M.L., Tumas, V., Lescano, A., Borda, V., Petzl-Erler, M.L., Cáceres, O., Machado, M., Beltrame, M.H., Adelman Cipolla, G., Chana-Cuevas, P., Schumacher-Schuh, A., Moon, J.-Y., Dean, M., North, K.E., Arboleda, G., Ferraz, H.B., Fernandez, W., Kaplan, R., Rieder, C.R., Dieguez, E., Mata, I.F., Padilla, C., Arboleda, H., Raggio, V., Loesch, D., Leal, T.P., and Mendes, M.
Date of publication:
2021
Abstract Tesim:
In adulthood, the ability to digest lactose, the main sugar present in milk of mammals, is a phenotype (lactase persistence) observed in historically herder populations, mainly Northern Europeans, Eastern Africans, and Middle Eastern nomads. As the –13910∗T allele in the MCM6 gene is the most well-characterized allele responsible for the lactase persistence phenotype, the –13910C > T (rs4988235) polymorphism is commonly evaluated in lactase persistence studies. Lactase non-persistent adults may develop symptoms of lactose intolerance when consuming dairy products. In the Americas, there is no evidence of the consumption of these products until the arrival of Europeans. However, several American countries’ dietary guidelines recommend consuming dairy for adequate human nutrition and health promotion. Considering the extensive use of dairy and the complex ancestry of Pan-American admixed populations, we studied the distribution of –13910C > T lactase persistence genotypes and its flanking haplotypes of European origin in 7,428 individuals from several Pan-American admixed populations. We found that the –13910∗T allele frequency in Pan-American admixed populations is directly correlated with allele frequency of the European sources. Moreover, we did not observe any overrepresentation of European haplotypes in the –13910C > T flanking region, suggesting no selective pressure after admixture in the Americas. Finally, considering the dominant effect of the –13910∗T allele, our results indicate that Pan-American admixed populations are likely to have higher frequency of lactose intolerance, suggesting that general dietary guidelines deserve further evaluation across the continent.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Epidemiology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/97jc-x344
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.671079
ISSN:
1664-8021
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Genetics
Journal Volume:
12
Keyword:
lactose intolerance, nutrition policies, dairy consumption, MCM6 gene, population genetics, –13910C > T, and Latin America
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
Other Affiliation:
Harvard Medical School, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Universidade Federal do Pará, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Universidade de São Paulo, Universidad de la República, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Universidad Científica del Sur, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, , Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, and University of Washington
Person:
Weiss, S., Borges, V., Guimarães Alves, A.C., Arboleda-Bustos, C.E., Tarazona-Santos, E., Rainha de Souza, I., Santolalla, M., Santos-Lobato, B.L., O’Connor, T.D., Sanchez, C., Lehtonen Rodrigues Souza, R., Guio, H., Sukow, N.M., Lima-Costa, M.F., Barreto, M.L., Tumas, V., Lescano, A., Borda, V., Petzl-Erler, M.L., Cáceres, O., Machado, M., Beltrame, M.H., Adelman Cipolla, G., Chana-Cuevas, P., Schumacher-Schuh, A., Moon, J.-Y., Dean, M., North, K.E., Arboleda, G., Ferraz, H.B., Fernandez, W., Kaplan, R., Rieder, C.R., Dieguez, E., Mata, I.F., Padilla, C., Arboleda, H., Raggio, V., Loesch, D., Leal, T.P., and Mendes, M.
The Value of Rare Genetic Variation in the Prediction of Common Obesity in European Ancestry Populations
Creator:
de Andrade, M., Lange, L.A., Justice, A.E., North, K.E., Chasman, D.I., Shoemaker, M.B., Darbar, D., Heckbert, S., Mathias, R.A., Yanek, L.R., Ellinor, P.T., Lubitz, S.A., Vasan, R.S., Silverman, E.K., Guo, X., Chami, N., Wang, Z., Arnett, D.K., Regan, E.A., Liu, C.-T., O’Reilly, P.F., Reiner, A.P., Kalyani, R.R., Psaty, B.M., Bis, J.C., Kaplan, R., Blangero, J., Redline, S., McDonald, M.-L.N., Brody, J.A., Jackson, R.D., Kooperberg, C., Fornage, M., Choi, S.W., Rich, S., Loos, R.J.F, Boerwinkle, E., Gladwin, M.T., Albert, C.M., Rotter, J.I., and Kim, W.
Date of publication:
2022
Abstract Tesim:
Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) aggregate the effects of genetic variants across the genome and are used to predict risk of complex diseases, such as obesity. Current PRSs only include common variants (minor allele frequency (MAF) ≥1%), whereas the contribution of rare variants in PRSs to predict disease remains unknown. Here, we examine whether augmenting the standard common variant PRS (PRScommon) with a rare variant PRS (PRSrare) improves prediction of obesity. We used genome-wide genotyped and imputed data on 451,145 European-ancestry participants of the UK Biobank, as well as whole exome sequencing (WES) data on 184,385 participants. We performed single variant analyses (for both common and rare variants) and gene-based analyses (for rare variants) for association with BMI (kg/m2), obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), and extreme obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2). We built PRSscommon and PRSsrare using a range of methods (Clumping+Thresholding [C+T], PRS-CS, lassosum, gene-burden test). We selected the best-performing PRSs and assessed their performance in 36,757 European-ancestry unrelated participants with whole genome sequencing (WGS) data from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program. The best-performing PRScommon explained 10.1% of variation in BMI, and 18.3% and 22.5% of the susceptibility to obesity and extreme obesity, respectively, whereas the best-performing PRSrare explained 1.49%, and 2.97% and 3.68%, respectively. The PRSrare was associated with an increased risk of obesity and extreme obesity (ORobesity = 1.37 per SDPRS, Pobesity = 1.7x10-85; ORextremeobesity = 1.55 per SDPRS, Pextremeobesity = 3.8x10-40), which was attenuated, after adjusting for PRScommon (ORobesity = 1.08 per SDPRS, Pobesity = 9.8x10-6; ORextremeobesity= 1.09 per SDPRS, Pextremeobesity = 0.02). When PRSrare and PRScommon are combined, the increase in explained variance attributed to PRSrare was small (incremental Nagelkerke R2 = 0.24% for obesity and 0.51% for extreme obesity). Consistently, combining PRSrare to PRScommon provided little improvement to the prediction of obesity (PRSrare AUC = 0.591; PRScommon AUC = 0.708; PRScombined AUC = 0.710). In summary, while rare variants show convincing association with BMI, obesity and extreme obesity, the PRSrare provides limited improvement over PRScommon in the prediction of obesity risk, based on these large populations.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Epidemiology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/297r-r148
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.863893
ISSN:
1664-2392
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Endocrinology
Journal Volume:
13
Keyword:
rare variants, C+T, burden score, obesity risk, polygenic risk score, BMI - body mass index, lassosum, and PRS-CS
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
Other Affiliation:
Mayo Clinic, University of Colorado Anchutz Medical Campus, Geisinger Health, , Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, University of Washington, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston University, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor, UCLA Medical Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, University of Kentucky, National Jewish Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Harvard Medical School, University of Alabama at Birmingham, The Ohio State University, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, University of Virginia, University of Copenhagen, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, University of Pittsburgh, and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Person:
de Andrade, M., Lange, L.A., Justice, A.E., North, K.E., Chasman, D.I., Shoemaker, M.B., Darbar, D., Heckbert, S., Mathias, R.A., Yanek, L.R., Ellinor, P.T., Lubitz, S.A., Vasan, R.S., Silverman, E.K., Guo, X., Chami, N., Wang, Z., Arnett, D.K., Regan, E.A., Liu, C.-T., O’Reilly, P.F., Reiner, A.P., Kalyani, R.R., Psaty, B.M., Bis, J.C., Kaplan, R., Blangero, J., Redline, S., McDonald, M.-L.N., Brody, J.A., Jackson, R.D., Kooperberg, C., Fornage, M., Choi, S.W., Rich, S., Loos, R.J.F, Boerwinkle, E., Gladwin, M.T., Albert, C.M., Rotter, J.I., and Kim, W.
Which types of social support matter for Black sexual minority men coping with internalized homophobia? Findings from a mediation analysis
Creator:
Srivastava, Ankur, Hall, William J., Eden, Tiffany M., Dawes, Hayden C., Williams, Denise Yookong, and Matthews, Derrick D.
Date of publication:
2024
Abstract Tesim:
Background Minority stress theory views social support as a protective factor against the effects of minority-specific stressors like internalized homophobia (IH) on mental health in sexual minority populations. However, much of the empirical validation of this theory has been conducted within predominantly White samples, resulting in a limited understanding of how the theory applies to Black sexual minority individuals. Current examinations of social support fail to capture the nuances of how Black sexual minority men may access support systems differently, resulting in a need to investigate how social support, IH, and mental health operate for Black sexual minority men. This study examined relationships between IH, depression, and different types of social support (i.e., family, friends, Black community, gay community) using a mediation model. Methods We used data from the POWER (Promoting Our Worth Equity and Resilience) Study, which recruited Black sexual minority men at Black Pride events across six cities in the United States from 2014 to 2017, to test four mediation pathways concurrently in Stata 17. Participants (N = 4,430) completed a questionnaire assessing a variety of health and life domains, including depression symptoms, internalized homophobia, and social support. Results IH was positively associated with depression. Lower levels of family, friend, and Black community support were all positively associated with depression symptoms. Additionally, IH was positively associated with all types of support. Finally, family, friend, and Black community support partially mediated the relationship between IH and depression. Conclusions and implications Results suggest that the relationship between social support and depression is complex for Black sexual minority men. Findings suggest family support is an important factor for clinical intervention efforts targeting depression, and that gay community support systems should assess how their environments can better support Black sexual minority men. Overall, findings demonstrate the necessity of future examination of how social support functions differently within Black sexual minority communities.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
School of Social Work and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/ms72-d611
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1235920
ISSN:
1664-1078
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Psychology
Journal Volume:
15
Keyword:
internalized homophobia, mediation, social support, Black sexual minority, and depression
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
Other Affiliation:
and John Hopkins University
Person:
Srivastava, Ankur, Hall, William J., Eden, Tiffany M., Dawes, Hayden C., Williams, Denise Yookong, and Matthews, Derrick D.
Using implementation mapping to refine strategies to improve implementation of an evidence-based mobile market intervention: a study protocol
Creator:
Ammerman, Alice S., Tirabassi, Jill N., Canizares, Andy, Kasprzak, Christina M., Leone, Lucia A., Vermont, Leah N., Lev, Samuel, and Lally, Anne
Date of publication:
2024
Abstract Tesim:
Objectives The Veggie Van model is a mobile market model that is efficacious in increasing fruit and vegetable consumption for lower-income participants. The model is currently being evaluated for its effectiveness in a multi-state trial. Preliminary implementation data, collected through process measures surveys and implementation interviews, indicate that there are several barriers to implementation among partner organizations and implementation fidelity to the Veggie Van model was low. Consideration and planning for implementation ought to occur early and often throughout the research process order to ensure Veggie Van model effectiveness. This paper describes the step-by-step process for creating strategies to enhance implementation of Veggie Van model components. Methods Implementation mapping is a systematic process to develop implementation strategies through engagement with key stakeholders. We conducted a series of interviews (n = 31 representatives) with partner organizations (n = 8) to identify facilitators and barriers to Veggie Van model implementation. We then applied interview findings to an Implementation Mapping process to develop theory and practice-driven strategies to be integrated into existing implementation tools and technical assistance. Results We identified implementation outcomes (e.g., staff implement the Veggie Van model component of nutrition education with fidelity) and performance objectives (e.g., offer nutrition education, in the form of food lessons and/or food demonstrations, at least bi-weekly) to achieve them. We conducted a secondary qualitative analysis of the findings from implementation interviews with partner organizations to identify behavioral determinants (e.g., attitudinal beliefs, social support) which were combined with the performance objectives to generate change objectives (e.g., view the Veggie Van model as advantageous to an organization and communities served). To achieve the change objectives, we developed implementation strategies that would be integrated into existing Veggie Van training resources including an online toolkit, webinars and trainings, an annual mobile market conference, and technical assistance. Conclusion The development of theory and practice-driven implementation strategies will enable us to improve our implementation tools, thereby improving fidelity to the Veggie Van model among organizations and increasing the likelihood of its effectiveness. Detailing the design of a multifaceted implementation strategy using Implementation Mapping also provides a model to design similar strategies for other community-based interventions.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Nutrition
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/ctbv-z415
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/frhs.2024.1288160
ISSN:
2813-0146
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Health Services
Journal Volume:
4
Keyword:
fruits and vegetables, food access, mobile produce market, implementation strategies, implementation mapping, and dietary intake
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
Other Affiliation:
and University at Buffalo
Person:
Ammerman, Alice S., Tirabassi, Jill N., Canizares, Andy, Kasprzak, Christina M., Leone, Lucia A., Vermont, Leah N., Lev, Samuel, and Lally, Anne
Liquid application dosing alters the physiology of air-liquid interface (ALI) primary human bronchial epithelial cell/lung fibroblast co-cultures and in vitro testing relevant endpoints
Creator:
Martin, Elizabeth M., Mallek, Nicholas M., Dailey, Lisa A., and McCullough, Shaun D.
Date of publication:
2024
Abstract Tesim:
Differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cell (dpHBEC) cultures grown under air-liquid interface (ALI) conditions exhibit key features of the human respiratory tract and are thus critical for respiratory research as well as efficacy and toxicity testing of inhaled substances (e.g., consumer products, industrial chemicals, and pharmaceuticals). Many inhalable substances (e.g., particles, aerosols, hydrophobic substances, reactive substances) have physiochemical properties that challenge their evaluation under ALI conditions in vitro. Evaluation of the effects of these methodologically challenging chemicals (MCCs) in vitro is typically conducted by “liquid application,” involving the direct application of a solution containing the test substance to the apical, air-exposed surface of dpHBEC-ALI cultures. We report that the application of liquid to the apical surface of a dpHBEC-ALI co-culture model results in significant reprogramming of the dpHBEC transcriptome and biological pathway activity, alternative regulation of cellular signaling pathways, increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, and decreased epithelial barrier integrity. Given the prevalence of liquid application in the delivery of test substances to ALI systems, understanding its effects provides critical infrastructure for the use of in vitro systems in respiratory research as well as in the safety and efficacy testing of inhalable substances.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Curriculum in Toxicology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/60d6-m466
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/ftox.2023.1264331
ISSN:
2673-3080
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Toxicology
Journal Volume:
5
Keyword:
epithelial, new approach methodologies (NAMs), bronchial, air-liquid interface (ALI), respiratory tract, inhalation, risk assessment, and IVIVE
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
Other Affiliation:
National Institutes of Health, , and United States Environmental Protection Agency
Person:
Martin, Elizabeth M., Mallek, Nicholas M., Dailey, Lisa A., and McCullough, Shaun D.
Language access differentially alters functional connectivity during emotion perception across cultures
Creator:
Leshin, Joseph, Carter, Maleah J., Doyle, Cameron M., and Lindquist, Kristen A.
Date of publication:
2024
Abstract Tesim:
Introduction It is often assumed that the ability to recognize the emotions of others is reflexive and automatic, driven only by observable facial muscle configurations. However, research suggests that accumulated emotion concept knowledge shapes the way people perceive the emotional meaning of others’ facial muscle movements. Cultural upbringing can shape an individual’s concept knowledge, such as expectations about which facial muscle configurations convey anger, disgust, or sadness. Additionally, growing evidence suggests that access to emotion category words, such as “anger,” facilitates access to such emotion concept knowledge and in turn facilitates emotion perception. Methods To investigate the impact of cultural influence and emotion concept accessibility on emotion perception, participants from two cultural groups (Chinese and White Americans) completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning session to assess functional connectivity between brain regions during emotion perception. Across four blocks, participants were primed with either English emotion category words (“anger,” “disgust”) or control text (XXXXXX) before viewing images of White American actors posing facial muscle configurations that are stereotypical of anger and disgust in the United States. Results We found that when primed with “disgust” versus control text prior to seeing disgusted facial expressions, Chinese participants showed a significant decrease in functional connectivity between a region associated with semantic retrieval (the inferior frontal gyrus) and regions associated with semantic processing, visual perception, and social cognition. Priming the word “anger” did not impact functional connectivity for Chinese participants relative to control text, and priming neither “disgust” nor “anger” impacted functional connectivity for White American participants. Discussion These findings provide preliminary evidence that emotion concept accessibility differentially impacts perception based on participants’ cultural background.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/gjmg-p029
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1084059
ISSN:
1664-1078
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Psychology
Journal Volume:
14
Keyword:
concepts, culture, emotion, fMRI, and language
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
Other Affiliation:
Person:
Leshin, Joseph, Carter, Maleah J., Doyle, Cameron M., and Lindquist, Kristen A.
High-risk prostate cancer treated with a stereotactic body radiation therapy boost following pelvic nodal irradiation
Creator:
Mendez, Christopher, Lischalk, Jonathan W., Haas, Jonathan A., Santos, Vianca F., Wise, David, Corcoran, Anthony, Katz, Aaron, Akerman, Meredith, Sanchez, Astrid, Carpenter, Todd, Lepor, Herbert, and Repka, Michael C.
Date of publication:
2024
Abstract Tesim:
Purpose Modern literature has demonstrated improvements in long-term biochemical outcomes with the use of prophylactic pelvic nodal irradiation followed by a brachytherapy boost in the management of high-risk prostate cancer. However, this comes at the cost of increased treatment-related toxicity. In this study, we explore the outcomes of the largest cohort to date, which uses a stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) boost following pelvic nodal radiation for exclusively high-risk prostate cancer. Methods and materials A large institutional database was interrogated to identify all patients with high-risk clinical node-negative prostate cancer treated with conventionally fractionated radiotherapy to the pelvis followed by a robotic SBRT boost to the prostate and seminal vesicles. The boost was uniformly delivered over three fractions. Toxicity was measured using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0. Oncologic outcomes were assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Cox proportional hazard models were created to evaluate associations between pretreatment characteristics and clinical outcomes. Results A total of 440 patients with a median age of 71 years were treated, the majority of whom were diagnosed with a grade group 4 or 5 disease. Pelvic nodal irradiation was delivered at a total dose of 4,500 cGy in 25 fractions, followed by a three-fraction SBRT boost. With an early median follow-up of 2.5 years, the crude incidence of grade 2+ genitourinary (GU) and gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity was 13% and 11%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed grade 2+ GU toxicity was associated with older age and a higher American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage. Multivariate analysis revealed overall survival was associated with patient age and posttreatment prostate-specific antigen (PSA) nadir. Conclusion Utilization of an SBRT boost following pelvic nodal irradiation in the treatment of high-risk prostate cancer is oncologically effective with early follow-up and yields minimal high-grade toxicity. We demonstrate a 5-year freedom from biochemical recurrence (FFBCR) of over 83% with correspondingly limited grade 3+ GU and GI toxicity measured at 3.6% and 1.6%, respectively. Long-term follow-up is required to evaluate oncologic outcomes and late toxicity.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Radiation Oncology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/x4zv-3t44
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1325200
ISSN:
2234-943X
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Oncology
Journal Volume:
14
Keyword:
stereotactic body radiation therapy, prostate, boost, pelvic nodes, and high-risk
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
Other Affiliation:
New York University Langone Hospital - Long Island, New York University Langone Health - Manhattan, New York University Langone Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, and
Person:
Mendez, Christopher, Lischalk, Jonathan W., Haas, Jonathan A., Santos, Vianca F., Wise, David, Corcoran, Anthony, Katz, Aaron, Akerman, Meredith, Sanchez, Astrid, Carpenter, Todd, Lepor, Herbert, and Repka, Michael C.
Experiences of women participating in a human papillomavirus-based screen-triage-and treat strategy for cervical cancer prevention in Malawi
Creator:
McGue, Shannon, Lee, Fan, Msowoya, Lizzie, Chinula, Lameck, Dunda, Wezzie, Smith, Jennifer S., Ndovie, Margret, Chapola, John, Mwapasa, Victor, and Tang, Jennifer H.
Date of publication:
2024
Abstract Tesim:
Objective To explore the experiences of Malawian women who underwent a human papillomavirus (HPV)-based screen-triage-treat algorithm for cervical cancer (CxCa) prevention. This algorithm included GeneXpert® HPV testing of self-collected vaginal samples, visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and colposcopy for HPV-positive women, and thermal ablation of ablation-eligible women. Method In-depth interviews were conducted with participants of a trial that evaluated the feasibility of a HPV-based screen-triage-treat algorithm among women living with HIV and HIV negative women in Lilongwe, Malawi. Participants were recruited from 3 groups: 1) HPV-negative; 2) HPV-positive/VIA-negative; 3) HPV-positive/VIA-positive and received thermal ablation. Interviews explored baseline knowledge of CxCa and screening, attitudes towards self-collection, and understanding of test results. Content analysis was conducted using NVIVO v12. Results Thematic saturation was reached at 25 interviews. Advantages of HPV self-collection to participants were convenience of sampling, same-day HPV results and availability of same-day treatment. There was confusion surrounding HPV-positive/VIA-negative results, as some participants still felt treatment was needed. Counseling, and in particular anticipatory guidance, was key in helping participants understand complex screening procedures and results. Overall, participants expressed confidence in the HPV screen-triage-treat strategy. Discussion HPV testing through self-collected samples is a promising tool to increase CxCa screening coverage. A multi-step screening algorithm utilizing HPV self-testing, VIA triage and thermal ablation treatment requires proper counseling and anticipatory guidance to improve patient understanding. Incorporating thorough counseling in CxCa screening programs can change women’s perspectives about screening, build trust in healthcare systems, and influence healthcare seeking behavior towards routine screening and prevention.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UNC Project-Malawi, Department of Epidemiology, and Department of Health Policy and Management
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/w8kt-y652
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1356654
ISSN:
2234-943X
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Oncology
Journal Volume:
14
Keyword:
Malawi (MeSH [Z01.058.290.175.500]), thermal ablation, HPV self-collection, VIA triage, and cervical cancer screening experience
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
Other Affiliation:
Duke University, , and Kamuzu University of Health Sciences
Person:
McGue, Shannon, Lee, Fan, Msowoya, Lizzie, Chinula, Lameck, Dunda, Wezzie, Smith, Jennifer S., Ndovie, Margret, Chapola, John, Mwapasa, Victor, and Tang, Jennifer H.
Enhancing the clinical research workforce: a collaborative approach with human resources
Creator:
Verble, William, Snyder, Denise C., Gaudaur, Heather, Mendell, Angela, Marchant, Mark, Gilliam, Christine, Viera, Laura, and McCubbin, Andrea
Date of publication:
2024
Abstract Tesim:
Jobs for clinical research professionals (CRPs) have grown increasingly complex over the past 20+ years. This is due largely to additional administrative burden for investigators, study teams, sponsors, Clinical Research Organizations (CROs), and sites, particularly Academic Medical Centers (AMCs). Furthermore, National Institutes of Health (NIH) has reduced capacity to effectively fund research recognizing this is dependent on the overall congressional budget, which creates greater pressure for clinician scientists to secure external support. It is widely known clinical research will continue to become increasingly more complex for clinician scientists. This manuscript explores adoption of a clinical research competency-based job classification framework from the Joint Task Force for Clinical Trial Competency (JTFCTC) across several AMCs and the role of Human Resources (HR) in facilitating this process. This collaboration focuses on fostering successful projects tied to the business case in order to address equity and improve support for the clinical research enterprise.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
North Carolina Translational and Clinical Sciences Institute
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/k7p9-7r42
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2024.1295155
ISSN:
1663-9812
Journal Title:
Frontiers in Pharmacology
Journal Volume:
15
Keyword:
clinical research professional (CRP), academic medical center (AMC), workforce development, clinical research coordinator (CRC), human resources (HR), and clinical research nurse (CRN)
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
Other Affiliation:
University of Kentucky, Duke University, University of Cincinnati, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and
Person:
Verble, William, Snyder, Denise C., Gaudaur, Heather, Mendell, Angela, Marchant, Mark, Gilliam, Christine, Viera, Laura, and McCubbin, Andrea