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1. Green Light Therapy for Pain and Pain-Related Psychosocial Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Human Studies

Title Tesim:: Green Light Therapy for Pain and Pain-Related Psychosocial Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Human Studies
Creator:: Jones, Emily P., Millan, Ryan, Bain, Jaclyn, Sawicki, Caroline, and Kompella, Anirudh
Date of publication:: July 21, 2026
Abstract Tesim:: Background/Objectives: Pain and psychosocial distress are highly prevalent across acute and chronic medical conditions and may negatively affect quality of life, treatment adherence, and clinical outcomes. Green light therapy has emerged as a non-pharmacological intervention that may modulate neural, inflammatory, and sensory pathways involved in nociception and affective processing. This systematic review evaluated the current human evidence on green light therapy for pain, with consideration of pain-related psychosocial outcomes. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and PsycINFO for English-language human interventional studies of green light therapy reporting pain. Records were screened in Covidence by independent reviewers using predefined eligibility criteria. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) tool for randomized studies and Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) for non-randomized studies. Certainty of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework. Results: Of 2040 citations identified, 13 studies met inclusion criteria (9 randomized controlled trials, 4 non-randomized studies; 668 participants). Clinical populations included migraine, dental anxiety, fibromyalgia, autism spectrum disorder, and retinal examination discomfort. Most studies reported findings favoring green light, providing an encouraging evidence base that would be strengthened by future blinded, controlled designs. Certainty of evidence was very low for all outcomes across both comparisons. Conclusions: Preliminary evidence suggests green light therapy is a promising and accessible nonpharmacological approach for pain or pain-related psychosocial outcomes but remains insufficient to establish the efficacy of green light therapy. Well-designed, adequately powered, pre-registered, sham-controlled trials with blinded outcome assessment represent a clear and achievable path toward establishing its clinical role.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Health Sciences Library, School of Dentistry, and Department of Pediatric Dentistry
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/q9xj-5y94
Edition:: Publisher
Identifier:: PMID: 42513623, PMCID: PMC13412275, and DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm15145710
ISSN:: 2077-0383
Journal Title:: Journal of Clinical Medicine
Journal Volume:: 15
Keyword:: predictors, bioethics, electrocardiogram, druggable genes, soil nutrients, nitro-flavone, respiratory virus, questionnaire, cardiotoxicity, chronic liver disease, biometry, emergency peripartum hysterectomy, rootstocks, mineral content, genetic improvement, platelets, KIT ligand, separated-type appliance, hypospadias, protein oxidation, cardiomyocytes, metabolic programming, critical thinking, multidisciplinary team, internal browning, ABC transporters, sunitinib, facial esthetics, matrix metalloproteinase 3, adaptive fluidics, gait symmetry, endothelial glycocalyx dysfunction, single-cell RNA sequencing, hydrogel, clinical ethics consultation, mastectomy, ABCG2, stroke, domain, hand hygiene, microbiota-derived metabolites, telemonitoring, Gastroenterology, epigenetic regulation, one-anastomosis gastric bypass, cadmium, BRAF V600E, Retrieval, polyketide antibiotics, Sexual Health, cardiac surgery, 46,XY DSD, AIM2, proline, cartap, urothelial carcinoma, late termination, maternal gut microbiota, research on research, iron metabolism, gene polymorphism, depression, rice seedlings, high reactivity, Type 2 high asthma, hospitalisation, gender differences, adjuvants, natural killer cells, biomechanics, cell cycle, apnoeic oxygenation, floral bud morphogenesis, aquaporin 4, medication, immune checkpoint inhibitor, drug repurposing, computed tomography, protocatechuic acid, HBMECs, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, cellular stress response, breast implant illness, molecular, pain catastrophizing, transcriptome, skin cancer, bridge therapy, PI3K/Akt signaling, cardiac surgical procedures, frontal QRS-T angle, cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA), electrocochleography, cross-sectional study, machine learning deep learning, biomarker, genomic sequencing, enhancer-associated transcriptional regulation, survival signature, handgrip strength, General surgery, diabetes mellitus, fundoplication, reactive oxygen species, HS-SPME-GC-MS, remote patient monitoring, Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, intracellular delivery, FDA-approved drugs, POTS, usability, sleep quality, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, invasive fungal sinusitis, postpartum hemorrhage, epigenetic therapy, Public Health, Cricula andrei, artificial intelligence, non-small-cell lung cancer, empagliflozin, postoperative delirium, health risks, cardiovascular anomaly, clopidogrel, prognostic nutritional index, immigrant, microbiota, skin microbiome, postoperative complications, gut–brain axis, curcumin, adherence, workplace violence, intraocular lenses, biofilm, meiosis, glymphatic system, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, apnea–hypopnea index, RNA editing, turning, postural control, epigenetic reprogramming, cardiac magnetic resonance, meta‐research, bud transcriptome, medium-long eyes, TCGA-HNSC, variant reclassification, termination of pregnancy, robustness, AMPK, prokinetic, prediction model, fear of pain, Epidemiology, SWASV, oral health inequalities, safety, prognostic model, prognostic signature, Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, FeNO, ROS scavenging, CT-FFR, mobility, molecular target, spatiotemporal parameters, mitochondrial genome, pulmonary metastasectomy, non-opioid analgesics, thoracoscopy, microenvironmental niches, case report, NLRC5, autism, task delegation, MAP-derived shock index, patient preference, regional soil background, cardiac function, ototoxicity, perinatal ethics, motor skills, inflammatory disease, Accountability, novel diagnostic tests, insulin resistance, mortality, non-HFE, neuropathic pain, programmable deformation, inflammatory bowel disease, myocarditis, GRADE, cost, reproductive health services, adjuvant therapy, behaviour change, pulmonary vascular stress, prenatal alcohol, personalized therapy, 10 m walk test, repetitive work, Haematology (incl blood transfusion), Intratumoral, pulmonary nodules, Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS), molecular dynamics simulations, tardive dyskinesia, ticagrelor, monozygotic twins, sepsis, neoadjuvant therapy, nursing, rheumatoid arthritis, Reflux Symptom Index, dental treatment, intergenerational metabolic risk, Turkey, heart team, dysautonomia, CDK1, emotional processing, immunothrombotic microcirculatory collapse, thoracic surgery, NHANES, food safety governance, risk assessment, diagnostic biomarkers, occupational health, gut microbiota, melanoma, serum uric acid, sex differences, molecular biomarkers, advance care planning, multimodal treatment, total knee arthroplasty, Broken tines, mitochondrial bioenergetic failure, scoping review, dupilumab, intestinal barrier, risk perception, injectable hydrogels, psychometrics, Implementation Science, BMP, respiratory diseases, estradiol signaling, biotic stressors, SRK/T formula, deprescribing, end-of-life care, bioinformatic analysis, ROS levels, PLS-SEM, Gensini score, lived experience, adeno-associated virus, socioeconomic factors, bone healing, arterial hypertension, tomato, epigenetics, Neutrophil, late vaginal secondary effects, second trimester, black pepper, cataract surgery, antiphospholipid syndrome, STATISTICS & RESEARCH METHODS, perceived age, dronedarone, incidental findings, pickled chili peppers, cognition, pain management, diagnostic algorithm, Psychiatry, point-of-care testing, DICOM dosimetric data, pulse-wave velocity, soybean bacteria, autoimmunity, hallux valgus, moment condition models, preventive oral health, systemic therapy, machine learning, cutaneous melanoma, attitudes, ABCB1, public health, alveolar–capillary barrier, risk prediction, Network Meta-Analysis, reversible genetic medicines, myocardial infarction, adaptive immunity, medication adherence, CCR2, RAS signaling, volatile organic compounds, amino acid, Large Language Models, technology acceptance, autoimmune encephalitis, malignant melanoma, ACMG, physiological risk stratification, gut bacteria, atopic dermatitis, placenta accreta spectrum disorders, innate immunity, HPLC-HRMS, shared decision-making, Head and Neck Cancer, arterial stiffness, precision oncology, colorectal cancer (CRC), teenage girls, Observational Study, bilateral asymmetry, all-cause mortality, vascular inflammation, linagliptin, thromboinflammation, proinflammatory cytokine, pneumorrhachis, residual disease, CCNB2, pet groomers, NF1, Self-explainable artificial intelligence, CDDO-Me, cochlea, nucleic acid therapeutics, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, co-expression network, catastrophic postpartum hemorrhage, caramelization, physical activity, severe asthma, risk factors, radiotherapy, bioheat transfer, adipogenesis, disease phenotyping, flow-mediated dilation, gait analysis, IL-15 superagonist, pregnancy, agemetabolic profile, infrared thermography, single-leg stance test, child, digital adaptation kit, gestational diabetes mellitus, dMMR, neuroglobin, minimally invasive sampling, coronary artery bypass grafting, anxiety, gut–liver axis, ribosome biogenesis, Helicobacter pylori, nanoplastics, nasal type (ENKTL-NT), blueberry, hybrid operating room, SETD5, CPEB4, tumor microenvironment, artificial intelligence self-efficacy, patient journey optimization, Age Factors, plasticity of non-apoptotic residual tumor cells, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, CAKI-2, chromatography, sustainable agriculture, Apple, foot posture, LC3B, myeloid cell, Biomarkers, genetics, pharmacogenetics, Myocardial Infarction, type 2 diabetes mellitus, immune modulation, pneumomediastinum, deep learning, robotic surgery, Risk Factors, cerebrospinal fluid, oral hygiene, male infertility, human factors, oogenesis, oral disease, hermeneutic phenomenology, bioactuation, spectral analysis, grape, diabetes complications, RCC, acute heart failure, medial longitudinal arch, avatrombopag, therapeutic strategies, imaging biomarkers, QUALITATIVE RESEARCH, structure-based virtual screening, long-term changes, systematic reviews, cardiovascular biomarkers, occupational risks, CPIC, Nav1.7, Amazon, red rice bran, Staphylococcus aureus, capsulectomy, non-destructive testing (NDT), neutrophil, autoimmune, endovascular intervention, abiotic stressors, colorectal cancer, cardiovascular disease, temporomandibular disorders, proteostasis, Acute Coronary Syndrome, blood–brain barrier, extremely preterm infants, ECG-AI, experimental and clinical evidence, inflammasome, non-pharmacological analgesia, NLRP3, alexithymia, left ventricular ejection fraction, urethroplasty, massive transfusion, methylprednisolone, predictive analytics, bioactive components, complementary feeding, abiotic stress, prescription and optimization strategies, spermatogenesis, mandibular advancement device, ferroptosis-mediated oxidative injury, transcriptomics, papillary thyroid carcinoma, mammography, paracrine signalling, scale development, postoperative endometrial cancer, healthcare-associated infections, bacteria communities, Coronary Artery Disease, uric acid, PINKE, zebrafish, green light therapy, bacterial symbionts, magnesium, gastrointestinal dysmotility, socio-cultural influences, surgical intensive care unit, salivary miRNAs, recurrence, prognosis, Mental Health Services, digital health, inflammation-related genes, PTTG1, inflammasomes, angiographic disease severity, chromatography–mass spectrometry, high-value utilization, MSI-H, prenatal diagnosis, biomarkers, shared care planning, azoospermia, vascular aging, capacity building, MIMIC-IV, FAPI, psychological resilience, WNT, sevoflurane, functional recovery, resveratrol, colorectal liver metastases, DNA methylation, standard precautions, publication bias, Health Workforce, structured exercise intervention, validation, revascularization, high risk, risk stratification, immune microenvironment, lesion load, health technology assessment, early development, Chemotherapy, chronic kidney disease, apoptosis, inherited liver disease, detection, population-based study, women, value-based healthcare, host densities, carotid plaque, larval nutritional composition, gait, pilot study, hemoglobin as pulse oximetry, RNA sequencing, intervertebral disc degeneration, disseminated intravascular coagulation, osteotomy, heart failure, biochemical, emergency department, lipid oxidation, electronic nose, dissemination bias, microthrombi, systematic review, oral appliance, health systems, Osteoarthritis, electrophysiological measurements, Mental Health, obstructive sleep apnea, probiotics, Streptomyces, Differentially expressed genes, HFpEF, variant interpretation, cochlear implant, polysomnography, glucose/pH-responsive hydrogel, hormones, remifentanil, NLRC4, coronary artery disease, p62, rhizosphere, Health policies and all other topics, CCL2, ClinGen, mendelian randomization, infection prevention and control, image registration, autophagy, flourishing, caregivers, in-stent restenosis, metoclopramide, Drosophila melanogaster, neurosurgical interventions, Immunology, PCSK9, ABCB5, illegal abortion, SERCA2, cancer, 5:2 diet, diabetic kidney disease, target identification, intestinal barrier function, cardiac tissue engineering, Trichiosoma, early diagnosis, transmission electron microscopy, at-home diagnostics, functional dyspepsia, non-targeted metabolomics, thymoma, A-498, anemia, redox imbalance, biological control, haemochromatosis, mitophagy-lysosomal axis, silk fibroin hydrogels, antitumor mechanism, the Maillard reaction, scoliosis, osteoarthritis, time in range, attention layer, dentistry, Cancer drug response prediction, France, AP-1 transcription factors, polysaccharide, central nervous system, image-guided surgery, fission, trauma mortality, gingival mesenchymal stem cells, Nurses, COM-B model, Tumor microenvironment - TME, dental caries, endoplasmic reticulum stress, women’s health, immunotherapy sensitization, knee osteoarthritis, well-being, whole-exome sequencing, CVD, quality deterioration, ccRCC, magnetic resonance imaging, rectal cancer, cell–cell communication, flavoromic analysis, nereistoxin, Asitrichiosoma, deuterium oxide, therapeutic inertia, efficacy, genetic distance, breast neoplasms, organoids, ClinPGx, coronary computed tomography angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention, nursing students, divergence measures, sexual dysfunction, Type A personality, diagnostic tools, tumor-like brain lesions, thrombopoietin receptor agonists, epigenome editing, confocal microscopy, immunoregulation, alkannin, non-coding RNAs, amiodarone, neuroprotection, dietary therapy, neuroimaging, pediatric, otolaryngology, dental practice, balance, hip, photon-counting CT, iron regulation, fatty acids, small-molecule α-DCs, Kazakhstan, Organisation of health services, YOLOv8n, patient-centered care, social support, Saudi Arabia, polymeric films, resilience, pharmacogenomics, phylogenetic analysis, autophagosome, immune checkpoint inhibitors, genomic landscape, mean glandular dose, graph-based feature extraction, clinical decision-making, neuroblastoma cells, salt stress, Case report, Type D personality, occupational burnout, wound healing, ageing population, non-invasive approaches, hearing loss, cervical spine fracture, metastatic colorectal cancer, ultrasound imaging, sulfur metabolism, Parkinson’s disease, informed consent, glutamate receptors, stable isotope labeling, healthcare systems, LC3, consultation, endothelial dysfunction, antioxidant enzyme, Clanis bilineata tsingtauica, photodynamic therapy, MEK5, fermented foods, cognitive distortions, post-transcriptional regulation, temporomandibular joint, 30 s chair stand test, Gene Ontology, optical coherence tomography, survey, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, upper-tract, orthognathic surgery, correlation analysis, histone modifications, Leadless pacemaker, dofetilide, cross-sectional survey, quality profiling, pharmacological activities, infectious disease, amniotic fluid embolism, identity transformation, TRPA1 channels, BMSCs, eplerenone, fibrinogen, diabetic cardiomyopathy, cardiovascular diseases, fermentation, targetable mutations, psychiatry, conversion, walking speed, adiposity, occupational stress, treatment non-modification, ASIA syndrome, fundus photography, Src/STAT3 pathway, interstitial fibrosis, multi-class, hepatocellular carcinoma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pathology-anchored, thrombocytopenia, extracellular vesicles, immune responsiveness, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, meaning-making, extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, uncultured amniocytes, subretinal fluid, soft tissue sarcomas, health workforce, PINK1, Cancer, targeted delivery, fall risk, gene expression, MASLD, non-invasive assessment, intraoperative measurements, behavior change, ergonomic risk factors, navicular drop test, limbic system, asparaginase, prognostic biomarkers, functional biomarkers, outcome measurement, functional properties, hydrocortisone, dementia, radiomics, pan-cancer, therapeutic antibody, thoracotomy, musculoskeletal disorders, phenolic compounds, vaginal-cuff brachytherapy, immune regulation, pyroptosis, anodic stripping, monochorionic twins, CRISPR-Cas9, bacterial detection, palliative care, estimation, transcriptomic analyses, 4D bioprinting, prasugrel, atherosclerosis, reproductive health information sources, survival outcomes, quercetin, HDL cholesterol, secondary findings, Systematic Review, obesity, 30-day-mortality, RNA-seq, insurance coverage, GWAS, blood urea nitrogen to albumin ratio, heat shock proteins, higher education, CDCA3, children, total physical activity, colon cancer, osteogenic differentiation, fatigue, acute coronary syndrome, working conditions, fetal anomaly, Rural Health, United Arab Emirates, postharvest, ferroportin, Health Services Accessibility, thymic carcinoma, sweet potato leaves, SGLT2 inhibitor, gene editing, enzyme activity, osteoporosis, Artemisia rupestris water extract, lepidoptera, sex and gender-based analysis, estradiol, diabetic foot ulcer, knowledge, amino acids, risk factor, capsaicin, adult diffuse glioma, microsatellite instability–high, systemic lupus erythematosus, silicone breast implants, immunomodulatory, prime editing, deep neural network, pregabalin, ceRNA network, BIA-ALCL, pneumonia, overweight/obesity, morphology, Embolization, peripartum cardiac arrest, diffusion tensor imaging, mediation mechanism, IgA, asthma, revision, microbial cell factories, baby-led weaning, emotion, flowering regulation, graph signal processing, foot surgery, disease prevention, point-of-care, WOMAC, continuous glucose monitoring, maternal–fetal medicine, fetal programming, targeted therapy, molecular docking, Timed Up and Go, cesarean delivery, CBAM, gefitinib resistance, oral squamous cell carcinoma, Aphelinus abdominalis, Sitobion avenae, multidisciplinary care, awareness, steroid metabolism, explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), technological mediation, immunotherapy, pickle brine, single-cell transcriptomics, PET/CT, receptors, near-infrared spectroscopy, transcutaneous hemoglobin monitoring, host feeding, blood lead level, traumatic brain injury, immunology, DHX37 gene, macrophage activation, genetic counseling, toothbrushing, synovium, MCI, regulatory framework, drug delivery, immune infiltration, anhidramnios, Integrated Gradients, drug-tolerant persister cells, metabolic signaling, transcatheter aortic valve replacement, plant stress responses, Maillard reaction, health measurement, cytogenetics, chemometrics, oxidative stress, cardiac microtissue, retinoic acid, university students, occupational physical activity, HSP70, multi-omics, multidisciplinary approach, electrophysiology, smoking, reflux, intracerebral granuloma, functional connectivity, bioinformatics-guided experimental validation, LncRNA NR_003508, drug resistance, precision medicine, phenotypic discordance, neurofibromatosis type 1, BIX02189, ecological risk, clinical diagnostics, Cydonia oblonga Mill., precision computational obstetrics, Ki67, microbial biotransformation, in vitro drug release, acute kidney injury, multiple sclerosis, Dnmt3a, electrochemical sensing, intraoperative imaging, prebiotics, exercise intolerance, sarcomatoid, Sub-Saharan Africa, viral complications, intermittent fasting, metformin, oncology care coordination, pork jerky, gray matter atrophy, taxonomy, high-flow nasal oxygen, deficient mismatch repair, therapy sequence, rehabilitation, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), nonoperative management, humanized surgical care, microglia cells, cognitive-behavioral interventions, Adolescent, sodium dextran sulfate-induced colitis, phytotoxicity, technostress, PI3K pathway mutations, coronary atherosclerosis, organisational impact, chronic illness, xenograft, microbial fermentation, maternal–fetal programming, volatile sulfur compounds, antiarrhythmics, central serous chorioretinopathy, mitochondrial respiration, polycystic ovary syndrome, inflammatory cytokines, personalised medicine, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, type 2 diabetes, MAPK/ERK signaling, granules, surfactant B, Electronic Health Records, adoptive cell therapy, respiratory physiology, mosaicism, clinical decision support, cataract, Spain, antenatal care guidelines, stimuli-responsive materials, ODConv, and social appearance anxiety
License Label:: Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4294-7564, , https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9405-703X, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9295-9849, and https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0384-1414
Other Affiliation:
Person:: Jones, Emily P., Millan, Ryan, Bain, Jaclyn, Sawicki, Caroline, and Kompella, Anirudh
Publisher:: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright

2. Systems Biology and Experimental Validation Enable Discovery of MMP9-Centered Networks, Anticancer Activity, and Pharmacodynamic Signature in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Title Tesim:: Systems Biology and Experimental Validation Enable Discovery of MMP9-Centered Networks, Anticancer Activity, and Pharmacodynamic Signature in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Creator:: Almutairi, Shriefa, Rashid, Zainab Ahmed, Bardaweel, Sanaa K, Sabbah, Dima A, Sweidan, Kamal, and Hajjo, Rima
Date of publication:: 2026
Abstract Tesim:: Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) is involved in extracellular matrix remodeling, inflammation, and metastasis, and its overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer. However, the systems-level effects of MMP9 inhibition remain incompletely understood. We combined systems biology with experimental validation to characterize MMP9-centered signaling in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and identify downstream pharmacodynamic biomarkers. Network and pathway analyses revealed extracellular matrix- and inflammation-related interaction modules and prioritized an MMP9-associated gene panel. Synthesized compounds were evaluated using purified enzyme assays and A549 NSCLC cells. At 50 μM, compounds M34 and M33 showed the strongest inhibition of MMP9 activity (65.01% and 61.32%, respectively). Seven compounds (M1, M2, M8, M9, M10, M27, and M34) demonstrated antiproliferative activity at 72 h (IC50 = 40-115 μM), suppressed migration and colony formation, induced apoptosis, and reduced MMP9 protein expression. Quantitative PCR confirmed coordinated downregulation of MMP9, VEGFA, APP, and ETV4, with upregulation of CDH1, COL5A1, COL6A2, CCL2, and CCL17. Enrichment analysis linked these changes to inflammatory signaling, immune activation, and extracellular matrix remodeling. These findings establish an experimentally supported eight-gene pharmacodynamic biomarker signature and support biomarker-guided development of MMP9-targeted strategies in NSCLC.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Eshelman School of Pharmacy and Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/28k8-vz18
Edition:: Publisher
Identifier:: DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms27146457, PMID: 42511800, and PMCID: PMC13410491
ISSN:: 1422-0067
Journal Issue:: 14
Journal Title:: International journal of molecular sciences
Journal Volume:: 27
Keyword:: apoptosis, systems biology, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) inhibitors, pharmacodynamic biomarker, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and extracellular matrix remodeling
License Label:: Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0695-5014, , https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4823-0708, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1428-5097, and https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7090-5425
Other Affiliation:: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan., Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan., Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan., and
Person:: Almutairi, Shriefa, Rashid, Zainab Ahmed, Bardaweel, Sanaa K, Sabbah, Dima A, Sweidan, Kamal, and Hajjo, Rima
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright

3. Blind Spots in the Responsive City: A 311 Visibility Audit for Sustainable Urban Governance in New York City

Title Tesim:: Blind Spots in the Responsive City: A 311 Visibility Audit for Sustainable Urban Governance in New York City
Creator:: Xue, Binxia, Li, Tongyu, Dai, Yuchen, Song, Yan, and Zhou, Jiang
Date of publication:: July 22, 2026
Abstract Tesim:: Resident-generated service requests are increasingly used in data-driven urban management, but complaint records may reflect uneven administrative visibility rather than objective service needs. This study develops a benchmark-based 311 visibility audit as a diagnostic tool for sustainability governance, examining whether local service conditions become sufficiently visible to support inclusive, anticipatory, and resilient urban management. Using New York City’s 2023 311 records for six complaint categories—Heat/Hot Water, Noise—Residential, Rodent, Water System, Sewer, and Air Quality—the analysis constructs a tract-by-month-by-complaint-type panel and compares tract-level complaint shares with population, housing-related exposure, and rodent inspection benchmarks. The final dataset contains 661,251 geocoded requests across 2243 positive-population census tracts. Results show substantial complaint-type differences in population-benchmark mismatch: Air Quality has the largest exact total variation distance and Noise—Residential the smallest, while under-visible coverage exceeds over-visible coverage in all six categories. Alternative housing benchmarks change selected Heat/Hot Water and Rodent interpretations, and the external rodent check identifies 46 primary blind-spot candidates, narrowed to 17 benchmark-confirmed candidates. The study concludes that 311 systems should be used as diagnostic infrastructures for identifying information blind spots, not as direct measures of urban need or sustainability performance.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: College of Arts and Sciences and Department of City and Regional Planning
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
Edition:: Publisher
Identifier:: DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su18147500 and Dimensions ID: pub.1204330704
ISSN:: 2071-1050
Journal Issue:: 14
Journal Title:: Sustainability
Journal Volume:: 18
Keyword:: interpretation, differences, water, urban governance, urban management, air quality, construction, information, sustainability, census tracts, checking, system, government, study, results, records, quality, mismatch, rodents, population, conditions, service requests, York City, infrastructure, analysis constructs, New, sewer, benchmarks, responsive cities, tools, air, complaints, tract, service conditions, blind spots, service needs, sustainability governance, city, panel, New York City, measurements, spots, diagnostic tool, categories, sustainability performance, services, management, audit, sharing, performance, diagnostic infrastructure, urban needs, visibility, needs, requests, blindness, dataset, water systems, complaint records, exposure, candidates, and heat/hot water
License Label:: Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:: School of Architecture and Design, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China, , and Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences, Chengdu, China
Person:: Xue, Binxia, Li, Tongyu, Dai, Yuchen, Song, Yan, and Zhou, Jiang
Publisher:: MDPI
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright

4. Artificial Intelligence for Breast MRI Lesion Classification: A Targeted Evidence Synthesis and Meta-Analysis of Discriminative Performance and Heterogeneity

Title Tesim:: Artificial Intelligence for Breast MRI Lesion Classification: A Targeted Evidence Synthesis and Meta-Analysis of Discriminative Performance and Heterogeneity
Creator:: Ferre, Romuald, Benefield, Thad, and Kuzmiak, Cherie M.
Date of publication:: 2026
Abstract Tesim:: Background/Objectives: The paper aimed to synthesize the diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence (AI) methods for classifying breast lesions on contrast-enhanced breast MRI and to estimate a pooled area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Methods: This targeted evidence synthesis and meta-analysis was informed by PRISMA 2020 reporting principles where applicable. Eligible studies were drawn from an investigator-supplied corpus of 12 primary manuscripts and assessed against predefined criteria. MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were consulted through October 2025 to contextualize the literature and verify bibliographic and study details; additional database records were not screened for eligibility. We included studies applying machine learning or deep learning to contrast-enhanced breast MRI for benign-versus-malignant lesion classification and reporting an AUC on an independent test set, external validation set, or patient-wise cross-validation. AUCs were pooled on the logit scale using an inverse-variance DerSimonian–Laird random-effects model, and heterogeneity was quantified using I2. Results: Nine studies met the criteria for quantitative synthesis (evaluation-set sizes, 60–3936). The pooled random-effects AUC was 0.898 (95% CI, 0.875–0.918), with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 88.1%) and a 95% prediction interval of 0.824–0.943, indicating that performance may vary meaningfully across settings. Conclusions: AI models showed promising discriminative performance within this targeted corpus, but substantial heterogeneity, differences in unit of analysis, approximated variance estimates, and limited external institutional validation temper confidence in generalizability. The pooled AUC should be interpreted descriptively, and future studies should prioritize rigorous multi-institutional external validation, transparent reporting, and prospective reader- or workflow-impact evaluation before routine clinical deployment.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/4b5r-8776
Edition:: Publisher
Identifier:: DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics16152316 and Dimensions ID: pub.1204330006
ISSN:: 2075-4418
Journal Issue:: 15
Journal Title:: Diagnostics
Journal Volume:: 16
Keyword:: interval, criteria, records, machine, validity, evidence synthesis, database records, curves, meta-analysis, primary manuscripts, performance, diagnostic performance, Web, breast MRI, PRISMA, study details, corpus, target corpus, breast, literature, sets, classification, DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model, receiver operating characteristic curve, evidence, diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence, variance estimation, clinical deployment, science, cross-validation, MEDLINE/PubMed, model, breast lesions, approximate variance estimators, units of analysis, MRI, readers, lesion classification, area, evaluation, study, bibliographic, characteristic curve, logit scale, synthesis, transparent reporting, performance of artificial intelligence, AI models, contrast-enhanced breast MRI, Embase, external validation, pooled AUC, discrimination performance, prediction, operating characteristics curve, analysis, units, generalizability, reports, confidence, random-effects model, lesions, heterogeneity, Web of Science, machine learning, estimation, pool area, test set, scale, validation set, test, learning, external validation set, patient-wise cross-validation, eligibility, manuscript, artificial intelligence, prospective readers, prediction intervals, quantitative synthesis, I2, details, intelligence, database, deployment, and AUC
License Label:: Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Person:: Ferre, Romuald, Benefield, Thad, and Kuzmiak, Cherie M.
Publisher:: MDPI
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright

5. A Systematic Review of Healthcare Providers’ Approaches to Practices That Contribute to Secondary Victimization of Sexual Assault Survivors

Title Tesim:: A Systematic Review of Healthcare Providers’ Approaches to Practices That Contribute to Secondary Victimization of Sexual Assault Survivors
Creator:: Hammett, Julia F., Weitzel, Jennifer, Kirwan, Mitchell, Mkandawire-Valhmu, Lucy, Baca-Atlas, Stefani N., Ruiz, Ashley M., Moore, Kaylen M., and Gondwe, Kaboni
Date of publication:: July 14, 2026
Abstract Tesim:: Background/Objectives: Secondary victimization (SV) following sexual assault (SA) is known to compound negative health outcomes for survivors seeking help within formal systems, such as healthcare. While there have been advances in preventing SV and support for SA survivors seeking help within healthcare, experiences of SV persist alongside worsening health disparities, particularly among disenfranchised populations of women. This literature review aims to examine the literature on HCP approaches to practices that may contribute to the SV of SA survivors. Methods: Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, the literature from three databases (PubMed, CINAHL Plus, and PsycINFO) was collected, followed by the screening of the titles, abstracts, and full texts of primary data sources available in full text and published in English between 2009 and 2022. The articles included for synthesis were appraised using the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Model (JHNEBP), and the data extracted were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Four HCP approaches to practice were found to potentially contribute to the SV of SA survivors: (1) incomprehensive care in clinical practice; (2) a lack of collaboration between inter-agencies, healthcare organizations, interdisciplinary teams, and HCPs with SA survivors; (3) barriers to HCP training and preparedness to respond to SA; and (4) failures to implement trauma-informed care (TIC) frameworks. Conclusions: Based on these findings, we provide recommendations for the prevention and mitigation of the SV of SA survivors by integrating philosophical frameworks to guide healthcare practice, including person-centered care, trauma- and violence-informed care (TVIC), and cultural safety. We reflect on the current gaps identified from this systematic review and the need for future research to operationalize and measure SV after SA in healthcare.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Carolina Population Center
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
Edition:: Publisher
Identifier:: DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14142111 and Dimensions ID: pub.1204039432
ISSN:: 2227-9032
Journal Issue:: 14
Journal Title:: Healthcare
Journal Volume:: 14
Keyword:: John, Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Model, disparities, assault survivors, cultural safety, findings, health outcomes, disenfranchised populations, model, analysis, text, English, interdisciplinary team, SA survivors, philosophical framework, article, lack of collaboration, gap, health, data, healthcare, survivors, barriers, negative health outcomes, database, PRISMA, approach, clinical practice, practice model, victims, research, women, experience of SV, literature review, health disparities, preparedness, TVIC, title, review, source, secondary victimization, hcp, literature, team, recommendations, failure, organization, guidelines, practice, evidence-based practice model, experiments, Abstract, safety, mitigation, assault, sexual assault, primary data source, thematic analysis, person-centered care, population, systematic review, synthesis, outcomes, framework, prevention, screening, trauma-informed care, training, healthcare organizations, violence-informed care, system, collaboration, data sources, sexual assault survivors, healthcare practice, care, trauma, HCP approach, and lack
License Label:: Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:: Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA, Wisconsin Local Health Departments, Sauk County Wisconsin, Baraboo, WI, USA, Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA, School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA, , Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA, College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA, and School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Page Start:: 2111
Person:: Hammett, Julia F., Weitzel, Jennifer, Kirwan, Mitchell, Mkandawire-Valhmu, Lucy, Baca-Atlas, Stefani N., Ruiz, Ashley M., Moore, Kaylen M., and Gondwe, Kaboni
Publisher:: MDPI
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright

6. TET Enzymes as Epigenetic Integrators in Intestinal Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease

Title Tesim:: TET Enzymes as Epigenetic Integrators in Intestinal Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease
Creator:: Cassidy, Olivia G., Huang, Lei, Yamaguchi, Yukihiro, Singh, Dhirendra K., Nishiyama, Keita, and Saito, Chieko
Date of publication:: July 14, 2026
Abstract Tesim:: DNA methylation plays a fundamental role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, immune tolerance, and inflammatory balance. Active DNA demethylation, mediated by the ten-eleven translocation family of dioxygenases (TET1, TET2, and TET3), has emerged as an important epigenetic mechanism linking environmental and metabolic cues to gene regulatory programs in the gut. In the intestinal epithelium, TET-dependent DNA hydroxymethylation contributes to intestinal stem cell maintenance, epithelial differentiation, regeneration, and barrier integrity. Perturbations in TET activity are associated with epithelial dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and increased susceptibility to colorectal tumorigenesis. Within the immune compartment, TET-mediated demethylation is required for the epigenetic stabilization of gut-associated immune cells. Altered TET function has been implicated in immune imbalance in inflammatory bowel disease, Hirschsprung’s disease, and colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Emerging evidence further indicates that intestinal microbiota-derived metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids and aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands, modulate TET activity, positioning TET enzymes as epigenetic sensors of microbial and metabolic signals. In turn, TET-dependent programs shape immune responses to commensal microbes and pathogens, establishing a bidirectional microbiota–epigenetic axis that influences both intestinal and systemic immunity. In this review, we summarize and critically evaluate current evidence on the roles of TET enzymes in intestinal epithelial biology, immune cell regulation, and host–microbiota interactions in colorectal inflammation and disease.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: School of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
Edition:: Publisher
Identifier:: DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm16070375 and Dimensions ID: pub.1203985817
ISSN:: 2075-4426
Journal Issue:: 7
Journal Title:: Journal of Personalized Medicine
Journal Volume:: 16
Keyword:: cells, epigenetic mechanisms, cell regulation, epithelial differentiation, intestinal homeostasis, DNA, regulatory programs, epithelium, DNA hydroxymethylation, family of dioxygenases, intestinal immunity, gut, regeneration, microbes, Tet, active DNA demethylation, TET activity, inflammatory bowel disease, associated with epithelial dysfunction, sensor, interaction, intestinal epithelium, gene regulatory programs, commensal microbes, immune compartment, metabolites, tumorigenesis, colorectal inflammation, chronic inflammation, immune cell regulation, epigenetic integrity, TET-mediated demethylation, aryl, cancer, disease, DNA demethylation, homeostasis, ten-eleven translocation family, DNA methylation, gut-associated immune cells, colorectal tumorigenesis, signal, barrier integrity, pathogens, fatty acids, immune tolerance, metabolic signals, Hirschsprung's disease, susceptibility, immunity, aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands, integration, methylation, biology, receptor ligands, immune imbalance, stem cell maintenance, ligand, cell maintenance, intestinal stem cell maintenance, hydroxymethyl, demethylation, maintenance, dysfunction, inflammatory balance, immune cells, axis, program, bowel disease, host-microbiota interactions, tolerance, epigenetic stability, acid, TET function, compartment, mechanism, activity, differentiation, microbiota-derived metabolites, intestinal epithelial biology, inflammation, systemic immunity, TET enzymes, colorectal cancer, dioxygenase, function, epithelial dysfunction, enzyme, evidence, colitis-associated colorectal cancer, perturbation, Hirschsprung, review, balance, imbalance, short-chain fatty acids, regulation, barriers, and epithelial biology
License Label:: Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:: , Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, Laboratory of Animal Food Function, School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, and Department of Biology, American University, Washington, DC, USA
Page Start:: 375
Person:: Cassidy, Olivia G., Huang, Lei, Yamaguchi, Yukihiro, Singh, Dhirendra K., Nishiyama, Keita, and Saito, Chieko
Publisher:: MDPI
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright

7. Farmland Transfer, Factor Reallocation, and Sustainable Agricultural Land Use: Evidence from China’s Land–Labor–Capital Transformation

Title Tesim:: Farmland Transfer, Factor Reallocation, and Sustainable Agricultural Land Use: Evidence from China’s Land–Labor–Capital Transformation
Creator:: Yang, Huilin, Song, Yan, and Yuan, Kaihua
Date of publication:: July 15, 2026
Abstract Tesim:: Farmland transfer is a central institutional arrangement for reallocating land, labor, and capital during agricultural transformation. Yet existing studies often treat farmland transfer mainly as scale expansion, paying less attention to how changes in operator composition and rental conditions shape the economic viability of agricultural land use. Using provincial panel data from China for 2009 to 2022, this study examines how three dimensions of farmland transfer, namely transfer scale, the share of land transferred to new-type agricultural operators, and land transfer rent, affect sustainable agricultural land use, with agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) used as an economic indicator of land-use viability. After developing a theoretical model that links the land–labor–capital dimensions of farmland transfer to TFP, the empirical analysis uses dynamic distributed-lag two-way fixed-effect models, nonlinearity tests, mediation and heterogeneity analyses, and a shift–share instrumental-variable approach, with all estimations conducted in Stata 18.0. The results show that farmland transfer has heterogeneous effects across its land–labor–capital dimensions. A larger transfer scale is associated with lower agricultural TFP, whereas a higher share of land transferred to new-type operators and higher transfer rents are associated with higher TFP. These effects differ across migration contexts and grain functional zones. Mechanism analysis shows that farmland transfer affects agricultural TFP partly by reshaping net-labor out-migration, thereby changing the labor conditions under which agricultural production is organized. These findings suggest that sustainable agricultural land use depends not simply on how much land is transferred, but also on who operates the transferred land and how rental incentives are structured. The study highlights the importance of multidimensional land transfer policies for improving factor allocation, maintaining active farmland use, and supporting the economic viability of agricultural production during structural transformation.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: College of Arts and Sciences and Department of City and Regional Planning
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
Edition:: Publisher
Identifier:: DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land15071268 and Dimensions ID: pub.1204092127
ISSN:: 2073-445X
Journal Issue:: 7
Journal Title:: Land
Journal Volume:: 15
Keyword:: labor, Stata, agricultural transformation, grain, reallocate land, transfer scale, agricultural total factor productivity, rental conditions, out-migration, empirical analysis, total factor productivity, data, model, highest share, higher total factor productivity, centralized institutional arrangements, scale, factor allocation, fixed-effects model, findings, economic indicators, results, transfer rent, transfer land, transfer, heterogeneity analysis, migration context, theoretical model, incentives, transfer policies, estimation, institutional arrangements, nonlinearity, farmland, changes, operational composition, viability, production, approach, structural transformation, associated with higher total factor productivity, composition, sharing, labor conditions, test, panel data, economic viability, farmland use, migration, rents, China, agricultural land use, use, rental, land, transformation, expansion, arrangement, analysis, effect, zone, capital, operation, mediators, agricultural production, study, heterogeneous effects, dimensions, mechanism, agricultural operations, functional zones, mechanical analysis, factor productivity, policy, nonlinearity tests, factors, evidence, context, farmland transfer, instrumental-variable approach, heterogeneity, allocation, factor reallocation, provincial panel data, reallocation, land transfer policy, conditions, and land use
License Label:: Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:: and School of Public Administration, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
Page Start:: 1268
Person:: Yang, Huilin, Song, Yan, and Yuan, Kaihua
Publisher:: MDPI
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright

8. Additives with Emerging Health Concerns in Ultra-Processed Sweetened Beverages Sold in the United States: Preservatives, Artificial Sweeteners, and Added Sugars

Title Tesim:: Additives with Emerging Health Concerns in Ultra-Processed Sweetened Beverages Sold in the United States: Preservatives, Artificial Sweeteners, and Added Sugars
Creator:: Dunford, Elizabeth K., Calvo, Mona S., and Uribarri, Jaime
Date of publication:: July 4, 2026
Abstract Tesim:: Background: Consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) continues to rise alongside a growing body of epidemiological evidence linking high UPF intake to adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, in the general population. However, the factors underlying these associations remain incompletely understood, underscoring the need to examine components beyond traditional nutrient composition. In particular, food-processing additives are increasingly recognized as defining features of industrially formulated UPFs. Objective/Methods: In this study, we used a large food label database to cross-sectionally examine the presence and co-occurrence of selected additives (sorbates, benzoates, phosphate additives, and non-nutritive sweeteners [NNSs]) in sweetened beverages sold by the 25 top-selling U.S. food and beverage manufacturers in 2020. Results: We found that sweetened beverages marketed in the U.S. frequently contain multiple additive classes concurrently, supporting the concept that these products represent complex chemical exposure mixtures rather than simple combinations of water and sweeteners. Formulations containing multiple additives were substantially more common than simpler formulations, with many beverages simultaneously containing combinations of sweeteners, preservatives, and phosphate additives. Products containing NNS exhibited higher additive clustering compared to products containing added sugar. Conclusions: Collectively, these findings support the need for broader consideration of beverage formulation complexity in nutrition research, dietary guidance, and policy regulation.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Gillings School of Global Public Health and Department of Nutrition
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
Edition:: Publisher
Identifier:: Dimensions ID: pub.1203649920 and DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu18132176
ISSN:: 2072-6643
Journal Issue:: 13
Journal Title:: Nutrients
Journal Volume:: 18
Keyword:: research, adverse health outcomes, type 2 diabetes, health concern, composition, features, NNS, nutrition research, co-occurrence, addition, ultra-processed food intake, United States, units, policy regulations, Artificial, components, factors, U.S. Food, class, formulation, combination, study, association, disease, consumption of ultra-processed foods, policy, cross-section, evidence, water, manufacturing, concept, formulation complexity, presence, additional class, phosphate addition, exposure mixtures, intake, dietary guidance, Sold, type, cardiovascular disease, U.S., concerns, general population, complex, production, phosphate, outcomes, sugar, state, sweeteners, beverages, sweetened beverages, population, combinations of sweeteners, guidance, nutrition, consumption, nutrient composition, artificial sweeteners, findings, epidemiological evidence, clusters, regulation, food, ultra-processed foods, additive clustering, preservation, combination of water, health outcomes, beverage manufacturers, and mixtures
License Label:: Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:: and Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
Page Start:: 2176
Person:: Dunford, Elizabeth K., Calvo, Mona S., and Uribarri, Jaime
Publisher:: MDPI
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright

9. Exposome Versus Genome in HS: How Do We Currently Explain Where Disease Arises from?

Title Tesim:: Exposome Versus Genome in HS: How Do We Currently Explain Where Disease Arises from?
Creator:: Petukhova, Lynn, Sayed, Christopher J., Summers, Emily G., and Perez, Olivia D.
Date of publication:: July 8, 2026
Abstract Tesim:: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with marked clinical heterogeneity and a multifactorial pathogenesis. Environmental and lifestyle factors, including obesity, tobacco exposure, microbiome dysbiosis, dietary patterns, and plastic-associated endocrine disruptors, have all been linked to HS risk or disease severity. However, these exposures alone do not fully explain why only some individuals develop HS, why age at onset and severity vary substantially, or why disease occurs in patients without major identifiable environmental burden. In parallel, genetic studies have demonstrated that inherited susceptibility is a central component of HS pathogenesis. Rare loss-of-function variants in γ-secretase complex genes cause a small subset of familial, autosomal dominant HS, while genome-wide association studies have shown that population-level risk implicates pathways involved in epithelial differentiation, follicular biology, immune signaling, and cutaneous inflammation. Recent work further suggests that common and rare genetic risk may converge on shared biological mechanisms, including γ-secretase-related signaling. While nature vs. nurture arguments dichotomize genetic constitution and environmental exposures, current evidence supports a model in which genetic susceptibility interacts with environmental exposures to shape HS risk, clinical expression, and disease progression. In this review, we examine the evidence supporting both exposomic and genomic contributions to HS and argue that the disease is best understood as arising from their intersection rather than from either domain alone.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: School of Medicine and Department of Dermatology
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
Edition:: Publisher
Identifier:: Dimensions ID: pub.1203743874 and DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm15145332
ISSN:: 2077-0383
Journal Issue:: 14
Journal Title:: Journal of Clinical Medicine
Journal Volume:: 15
Keyword:: age, signal, factors, environmental exposures, hidradenitis suppurativa, onset, disease severity, chronic inflammatory skin disease, exposure, mechanism, clinical heterogeneity, burden, progression, endocrine disruptors, microbiome dysbiosis, follicular biology, nurture argument, association studies, environmental burden, population-level risk, skin diseases, variants, patients, individuals, hidradenitis, obesity, arise, risk, genetic studies, domain, arguments, model, HS risk, epithelial differentiation, exposome, constitution, tobacco, differentiation, genetic constitution, tobacco exposure, inflammation, genome, disease, genetic risk, disruptors, biology, nature, lifestyle factors, biological mechanisms, genes, pathogenesis, susceptibility, patterns, intersection, cutaneous inflammation, multifactorial pathogenesis, loss-of-function variants, evidence, heterogeneity, pathway, inflammatory skin disease, lifestyle, severity, disease progression, clinical expression, review, HS pathogenesis, dietary patterns, expression, microbiome, rare loss-of-function variants, immune signaling, complex genes, study, dysbiosis, genetic susceptibility, and genome-wide association studies
License Label:: Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:: The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA and
Page Start:: 5332
Person:: Petukhova, Lynn, Sayed, Christopher J., Summers, Emily G., and Perez, Olivia D.
Publisher:: MDPI
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright

10. Smartphone-Assisted Placido Ring Imaging for K1 Stratification in Keratoconus: A Deep Learning Study

Title Tesim:: Smartphone-Assisted Placido Ring Imaging for K1 Stratification in Keratoconus: A Deep Learning Study
Creator:: Djalilian, Ali R., Maizel, Michael, Pathak, Kabir Anand, Sanchez, Jaron, Erukulla, Rohith, Dole, Lucie, Tomaras, Nicholas, Eroglu, Enes, Soleimani, Mohammad, Pinto-Colmenarez, Rafael Alejandro, and Prieto, Juan Carlos
Date of publication:: July 2, 2026
Abstract Tesim:: Background/Objectives: Keratoconus (KC) is a chronic disease that causes progressive corneal thinning and steepening, thereby negatively impacting visual acuity. Although corneal topography and keratometry are the primary measures to diagnose KC, access to these methods can be limited by various factors. To address these limitations, this study evaluates a novel low-cost deep-learning algorithm that infers keratometric categories from smartphone-assisted Placido ring photographs. Methods: Development utilized 1240 healthy control eye images and 188 K1-labeled KC images for pretraining, without using their K1 labels. A Variational Autoencoder with KL divergence regularization (AutoEncoderKL) was trained on this pool; its encoder generated latent features for KC images (n = 535). A held-out set (n = 70) with Pentacam keratometry was labeled by K1 into <40 D, 40–47 D, and >47 D. An ensemble classifier chosen via grid search and cross-validation used the encoder features. Performance was assessed for accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. Results: The model achieved 91% accuracy across all classes. Precision of the model was 0.77 (<40 D), 0.98 (40–47 D), and 0.86 (>47 D); recall was 0.83, 0.91, and 1.00; and F1-scores were 0.80, 0.94, and 0.92, respectively. Notably, the model achieved perfect recall for the >47 D K1 category. Conclusions: A smartphone-assisted Placido ring imaging approach was able to predict K1-based keratometric categories without requiring tomographic or keratometric measurements as model inputs at inference. These findings provide preliminary proof-of-concept for the potential use of smartphone-assisted Placido ring images as a low-cost approach for K1-based stratification. Larger externally validated studies across different sites, devices, operators, printed Placido discs, acquisition conditions, and patient populations are required before clinical utility can be assessed.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: School of Medicine and Department of Ophthalmology
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/4yp7-km80
Edition:: Publisher
Identifier:: Dimensions ID: pub.1203519936 and DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics16132076
ISSN:: 2075-4418
Journal Issue:: 13
Journal Title:: Diagnostics
Journal Volume:: 16
Keyword:: recall, topography, variation, grid, KL-divergence regularization, progressive corneal thinning, algorithm, factors, stratification, model, latent features, images, chronic diseases, features, thinning, Pentacam, labeling, photographs, approach, model inputs, primary measure, classifier, class, regularization, eye images, keratometry, grid search, utilization, encoded features, keratometric, Deep, findings, visual acuity, corneal thinning, devices, patient population, acquisition conditions, external validation study, precision, categories, measurements, development, patients, encoding, inference, cross-validation, keratoconus, variational autoencoder, autoencoder, learning studies, ensemble classifier, deep learning studies, sets, method, use, Placido, F1 score, limitations, deep learning algorithms, potential use, low-cost approach, sites, pool, corneal, input, conditions, performance, corneal topography, disk, steepening, held-out set, study, K1, imaging approach, accuracy, operation, population, disease, acuity, acquisition, keratometric measurements, ring image, Placido disc, search, and clinical utility
License Label:: Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA and
Page Start:: 2076
Person:: Djalilian, Ali R., Maizel, Michael, Pathak, Kabir Anand, Sanchez, Jaron, Erukulla, Rohith, Dole, Lucie, Tomaras, Nicholas, Eroglu, Enes, Soleimani, Mohammad, Pinto-Colmenarez, Rafael Alejandro, and Prieto, Juan Carlos
Publisher:: MDPI
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright