PLoS Articles

User Collection Public
UNC logo

UNC-authored articles published by the Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Works (2112)

View results as:
List List Masonry Masonry Slideshow Slideshow
Sort the listing of items  

171. Household water insecurity experiences and their perceived determinants in a low-income community of Cartagena, Colombia, during a water service expansion project

Title Tesim:
Household water insecurity experiences and their perceived determinants in a low-income community of Cartagena, Colombia, during a water service expansion project
Creator:
Stoler, Justin, Miller, Joshua D., and Lemaitre, Andrea K.
Date of publication:
2023
Abstract Tesim:
Traditional water indicators primarily focus on water quantity and quality, but emergent research demonstrates that measurement of lived experiences with water availability, accessibility, and use is important for understanding how household water insecurity impacts health and well-being. Few empirical studies have explored which household water insecurity experiences are most salient, or their potential causes, in Latin American cities. We analyzed data from 266 households in a low-income settlement of Cartagena, Colombia, to identify correlates and perceived determinants of water insecurity. The most prevalent household water insecurity experiences were water supply interruptions (96%), water worry (94%), and anger about the water situation (90%). Unexpected water interruptions and use of non-piped primary drinking water sources were associated with greater household water insecurity scores, water worry subscores, and hygiene subscores. Respondents perceived water issues in their community to be caused by deficiencies in gray infrastructure (49%), which included deficiencies in water distribution, treatment, or storage technologies. Social infrastructure (36%), including issues with political, economic, or administrative systems, was also cited as a barrier to water security. We did not detect significant relationships between water insecurity scores and the attribution of these problems to gray or social infrastructure, but there may be relationships between these factors and duration of residency and using a non-piped water source. These findings underscore the importance of socio-political factors and community engagement for improving urban water insecurity through slum-upgrade projects.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Nutrition
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/ew1d-bv78
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pwat.0000154
ISSN:
2767-3219
Journal Issue:
9
Journal Title:
PLOS Water
Journal Volume:
2
Keyword:
Mental health and psychiatry, Water resources, Sanitation, Hygiene, Vendors, Water quality, Urban infrastructure, and Water management
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
University of Miami and
Page Start:
e0000154
Person:
Stoler, Justin, Miller, Joshua D., and Lemaitre, Andrea K.
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
Source:
94fa9cd1-30f6-4980-ab86-1d9cd5088333

172. Hepatitis B care cascade among people with HIV/HBV coinfection in the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design, 2012-2016

Title Tesim:
Hepatitis B care cascade among people with HIV/HBV coinfection in the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design, 2012-2016
Creator:
Napravnik S., Torgersen J., Moore R.D., Lim J.K., Horberg M.A., Kim J., Lang R., Klein M.B., McGinnis K.A., Sterling T.R., Kirk G.D., Newcomb C.W., Silverberg M.J., Chew K., Reddy K.R., Gill M.J., Carbonari D.M., Lo Re V., 3rd, Gebo K.A., Hull M., Coburn S.B., Mayor A.M., Cachay E.R., Althoff K.N., Seaberg E.C., Kim H.N., and Kitahata M.M.
Date of publication:
2023
Abstract Tesim:
A care cascade is a critical tool for evaluating delivery of care for chronic infections across sequential stages, starting with diagnosis and ending with viral suppression. However, there have been few data describing the hepatitis B virus (HBV) care cascade among people living with HIV infection who have HBV coinfection. We conducted a cross-sectional study among people living with HIV and HBV coinfection receiving care between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2016 within 13 United States and Canadian clinical cohorts contributing data to the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD). We evaluated each of the steps in this cascade, including: 1) laboratory-confirmed HBV infection, 2) tenofovir-based or entecavir-based HBV therapy prescribed, 3) HBV DNA measured during treatment, and 4) viral suppression achieved via undetectable HBV DNA. Among 3,953 persons with laboratory-confirmed HBV (median age, 50 years; 6.5% female; 43.8% were Black; 7.1% were Hispanic), 3,592 (90.9%; 95% confidence interval, 90.0-91.8%) were prescribed tenofovir-based antiretroviral therapy or entecavir along with their antiretroviral therapy regimen, 2,281 (57.7%; 95% confidence interval, 56.2-59.2%) had HBV DNA measured while on therapy, and 1,624 (41.1%; 95% confidence interval, 39.5-42.6) achieved an undetectable HBV DNA during HBV treatment. Our study identified significant gaps in measurement of HBV DNA and suppression of HBV viremia among people living with HIV and HBV coinfection in the United States and Canada. Periodic evaluation of the HBV care cascade among persons with HIV/HBV will be critical to monitoring success in completion of each step.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Medicine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/r8xd-kb29
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0290889
ISSN:
1932-6203
Journal Issue:
9
Journal Title:
PloS one
Journal Volume:
18
Keyword:
Hepatitis B virus, Coinfection, coinfection, hepatitis B, Canada, Humans, tenofovir, Female, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, Cross-Sectional Studies, human, Tenofovir, virus DNA, complication, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, female, male, cross-sectional study, HIV Infections, Male, Middle Aged, middle aged, DNA, Viral, Hepatitis B, and acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Language Label:
English
License Label:
CC0 1.0 Universal
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
, University of Pennsylvania, Johns Hopkins University, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Drexel University College of Medicine, University of Calgary, McGill University Health Centre, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, University of California Los Angeles, University of British Columbia, Universidad Central del Caribe, University of California San Diego, and University of Washington
Page Start:
e0290889
Person:
Napravnik S., Torgersen J., Moore R.D., Lim J.K., Horberg M.A., Kim J., Lang R., Klein M.B., McGinnis K.A., Sterling T.R., Kirk G.D., Newcomb C.W., Silverberg M.J., Chew K., Reddy K.R., Gill M.J., Carbonari D.M., Lo Re V., 3rd, Gebo K.A., Hull M., Coburn S.B., Mayor A.M., Cachay E.R., Althoff K.N., Seaberg E.C., Kim H.N., and Kitahata M.M.
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
Source:
76d210b6-4758-4cfd-9267-84080ee5bc8a

173. Global implementation research capacity building to address cardiovascular disease: An assessment of efforts in eight countries

Title Tesim:
Global implementation research capacity building to address cardiovascular disease: An assessment of efforts in eight countries
Creator:
Price, LeShawndra N., Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, Weber, Mary Beth, Andesia, Josephine, Apusiga, Kingsley, Rakhra, Ashlin, Fitzpatrick, Annette L., Muula, Adamson S., Nguyen, Hoa L., Ha, Duc A., Fort, Meredith P., Hosseinipour, Mina C., Akwanalo, Constantine, Adjei, Kezia Gladys Amaning, and Baumann, Ana A.
Date of publication:
2023
Abstract Tesim:
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, but implementation of evidence-based interventions for risk factors such as hypertension is lacking, particularly in low and middle income countries (LMICs). Building implementation research capacity in LMICs is required to overcome this gap. Members of the Global Research on Implementation and Translation Science (GRIT) Consortium have been collaborating in recent years to establish a research and training infrastructure in dissemination and implementation to improve hypertension care. GRIT includes projects in Ghana, Guatemala, India, Kenya, Malawi, Nepal, Rwanda, and Vietnam. We collected data from each site on capacity building activities using the Potter and Brough (2004) model, mapping formal and informal activities to develop (a) structures, systems and roles, (b) staff and infrastructure, (c) skills, and (d) tools. We captured information about sites’ needs assessments and metrics plus program adaptations due to the COVID-19 pandemic. All sites reported capacity building activities in each layer of the Capacity Pyramid, with the largest number of activities in the Skills and Tools categories, the more technical and easier to implement categories. All sites included formal and informal training to build Skills. All sites included a baseline needs assessment to guide capacity building activities or assess context and inform intervention design. Sites implementing evidence-based hypertension interventions used common implementation science frameworks to evaluate implementation outcomes. Although the COVID-19 pandemic affected timelines and in-person events, all projects were able to pivot and carry out planned activities. Although variability in the activities and methods used existed, GRIT programs used needs assessments to guide locally appropriate design and implementation of capacity building activities. COVID-19 related changes were necessary, but strong collaborations and relationships with health ministries were maintained. The GRIT Consortium is a model for planning capacity building in LMICs.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Medicine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/3k0n-3449
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002237
ISSN:
2767-3375
Journal Issue:
9
Journal Title:
PLOS Global Public Health
Journal Volume:
3
Keyword:
Pandemics, COVID 19, Guatemala, Health care policy, Low and middle income countries, Hypertension, Health systems strengthening, and Consortia
Language Label:
English
License Label:
CC0 1.0 Universal
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
National Institutes of Health, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Emory University, Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, University of Washington, University of Malawi and the Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Vietnam Ministry of Health, University of Colorado – Anschutz Medical Campus, , Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, and Washington University in St. Louis
Page Start:
e0002237
Person:
Price, LeShawndra N., Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, Weber, Mary Beth, Andesia, Josephine, Apusiga, Kingsley, Rakhra, Ashlin, Fitzpatrick, Annette L., Muula, Adamson S., Nguyen, Hoa L., Ha, Duc A., Fort, Meredith P., Hosseinipour, Mina C., Akwanalo, Constantine, Adjei, Kezia Gladys Amaning, and Baumann, Ana A.
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
Rights Statement Label:
In Copyright
Source:
3252079a-5338-4ea4-9da8-495ba21aa377

174. Estimating the proportion of clinically suspected cholera cases that are true Vibrio cholerae infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Title Tesim:
Estimating the proportion of clinically suspected cholera cases that are true Vibrio cholerae infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Creator:
Zou K., Wiens K.E., Lessler J., Xu H., Mwaba J., Lee E.C., Malembaka E.B., Qadri F., Azman A.S., Demby M.N., and Bwire G.
Date of publication:
2023
Abstract Tesim:
Background Cholera: surveillance relies on clinical diagnosis of acute watery : diarrhea. Suspected cholera case definitions have high sensitivity but low specificity, challenging our ability to characterize cholera burden and epidemiology. Our objective was to estimate the proportion of clinically suspected cholera that are true Vibrio cholerae infections and identify factors that explain variation in positivity. Methods and findings We conducted a systematic review of studies that tested ≥10 suspected cholera cases for V. cholerae O1/O139 using culture, PCR, and/or a rapid diagnostic test. We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar for studies that sampled at least one suspected case between January 1, 2000 and April 19, 2023, to reflect contemporary patterns in V. cholerae positivity. We estimated diagnostic test sensitivity and specificity using a latent class meta-analysis. We estimated V. cholerae positivity using a random-effects meta-analysis, adjusting for test performance. We included 119 studies from 30 countries. V. cholerae positivity was lower in studies with representative sampling and in studies that set minimum ages in suspected case definitions. After adjusting for test performance, on average, 52% (95% credible interval (CrI): 24%, 80%) of suspected cases represented true V. cholerae infections. After adjusting for test performance and study methodology, the odds of a suspected case having a true infection were 5.71 (odds ratio 95% CrI: 1.53, 15.43) times higher when surveillance was initiated in response to an outbreak than in non-outbreak settings. Variation across studies was high, and a limitation of our approach was that we were unable to explain all the heterogeneity with study-level attributes, including diagnostic test used, setting, and case definitions. Conclusions In this study, we found that burden estimates based on suspected cases alone may overestimate the incidence of medically attended cholera by 2-fold. However, accounting for cases missed by traditional clinical surveillance is key to unbiased cholera : burden estimates. Given the substantial variability in positivity between settings, extrapolations from suspected to confirmed cases, which is necessary to estimate cholera incidence rates without exhaustive testing, should be based on local data.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Epidemiology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/54q1-5559
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004286
ISSN:
1549-1277
Journal Issue:
9
Journal Title:
PLoS Medicine
Journal Volume:
20
Keyword:
acute gastroenteritis, sensitivity and specificity, diagnostic test, sensitivity analysis, Vibrio cholerae, meta analysis, task performance, diarrhea, polymerase chain reaction, human, systematic review, controlled study, Article, false positive result, incidence, diagnostic test accuracy study, and cholera
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Johns Hopkins University, Temple University, , University of Zambia, Université Catholique de Bukavu, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, and Ministry of Health
Person:
Zou K., Wiens K.E., Lessler J., Xu H., Mwaba J., Lee E.C., Malembaka E.B., Qadri F., Azman A.S., Demby M.N., and Bwire G.
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
Source:
b4e81a45-752a-4e44-9789-f45fa7cf015f

175. Estimating the effect of a rifampicin resistant tuberculosis diagnosis by the Xpert MTB/RIF assay on two-year mortality

Title Tesim:
Estimating the effect of a rifampicin resistant tuberculosis diagnosis by the Xpert MTB/RIF assay on two-year mortality
Creator:
Van Rie, Annelies, De Vos, Elise, Stevens, Wendy, Scott, Lesley, da Silva, Pedro, Hayes, Cindy, de Lima, Yara Voss, and Westreich, Daniel
Date of publication:
2023
Abstract Tesim:
Studies assessing patient-centred outcomes of novel rifampicin resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) diagnostics are rare and mostly apply conventional methods which may not adequately address biases. Even though the Xpert MTB/RIF molecular assay was endorsed a decade ago for simultaneous diagnosis of tuberculosis and RR-TB, the impact of the assay on mortality among people with RR-TB has not yet been assessed. We analysed data of an observational prospective cohort study (EXIT-RIF) performed in South Africa. We applied a causal inference approach using inverse odds of sampling weights to rectify survivor bias and selection bias caused by differing screening guidelines. We also adjusted for confounding using a marginal structural model with inverse probability of treatment weights. We estimated the total effect of an RR-TB diagnosis made by the Xpert assay versus the pre-Xpert diagnostic algorithm (entailing a targeted Line Probe Assay (LPA) among TB-confirmed patients) on two-year mortality and we assessed mediation by RR-treatment initiation. Of the 749 patients diagnosed with RR-TB [247 (33%) by the pre-Xpert diagnostic algorithm and 502 (67%) by the Xpert assay], 42.7% died. Of these, 364 (48.6%) patients died in the pre-Xpert group and 200 (39.8%) in the Xpert group. People diagnosed with RR-TB by the Xpert assay had a higher odds of RR-TB treatment initiation compared to those diagnosed by the targeted LPA-based diagnostic process (OR 2.79; 95%CI 2.19–3.56). Receiving an RR-TB diagnosis by Xpert resulted in a 28% reduction in the odds of mortality within 2 years after presentation to the clinic (ORCI 0.72; 95%CI 0.53–0.99). Causal mediation analysis suggests that the higher rate of RR-TB treatment initiation in people diagnosed by the Xpert assay explains the effect of Xpert on 2-year mortality [natural indirect effect odds ratio 0.90 (95%CI 0.85–0.96). By using causal inference methods in combination with high quality observational data, we could demonstrate that the introduction of the Xpert assay caused a 28% reduction in 2-year odds of mortality of RR-TB. This finding highlights the need for advocacy for a worldwide roll-out of rapid molecular tests. Because the effect is mainly caused by increased RR-TB treatment initiation, health care systems should also ensure timely initiation of effective treatment upon an RR-TB diagnosis.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/c34x-tk65
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001989
ISSN:
2767-3375
Journal Issue:
9
Journal Title:
PLOS Global Public Health
Journal Volume:
3
Keyword:
Tuberculosis, Diagnostic medicine, Tuberculosis diagnosis and management, HIV diagnosis and management, Death rates, Tuberculosis drug discovery, Directed acyclic graphs, and Body weight
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
University of Antwerp, University of the Witwatersrand, National Health Laboratory Service, National Health Laboratory Services, Instituto Nacional de Saude, and
Page Start:
e0001989
Person:
Van Rie, Annelies, De Vos, Elise, Stevens, Wendy, Scott, Lesley, da Silva, Pedro, Hayes, Cindy, de Lima, Yara Voss, and Westreich, Daniel
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
Source:
0e7645c3-d69a-4279-b297-a06d5a357770

176. Environmental monitoring of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in North Carolina water and wastewater using the WHO Tricycle protocol in combination with membrane filtration and compartment bag test methods for detecting and quantifying ESBL E. coli

Title Tesim:
Environmental monitoring of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in North Carolina water and wastewater using the WHO Tricycle protocol in combination with membrane filtration and compartment bag test methods for detecting and quantifying ESBL E. coli
Creator:
Appling, K. Clark, Sobsey, Mark D., Fisher, Michael B., and Durso, Lisa M.
Date of publication:
2023
Abstract Tesim:
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens human and animal health; effective response requires monitoring AMR presence in humans, animals, and the environment. The World Health Organization Tricycle Protocol (WHO TP) standardizes and streamlines global AMR monitoring around a single indicator organism, extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec). The WHO TP culture-based method detects and quantifies ESBL-Ec by spread-plating or membrane filtration on either MacConkey or TBX agar (supplemented with cefotaxime). These methods require laboratories and trained personnel, limiting feasibility in low-resource and field settings. We adapted the WHO TP using a simplified method, the compartment bag test (CBT), to quantify most probable numbers (MPN) of ESBL-Ec in samples. CBT methods can be used correctly in the field by typical adults after a few hours’ training. We collected and analyzed municipal wastewater, surface water, and chicken waste samples from sites in Raleigh and Chapel Hill, NC over an 8-month period. Presumptive ESBL-Ec were quantified using MF on TBX agar supplemented with cefotaxime (MF+TBX), as well as using the CBT with chromogenic E. coli medium containing cefotaxime. Presumptive ESBL-Ec bacteria were isolated from completed tests for confirmation and characterization by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion tests (antibiotic sensitivity) and EnteroPluri biochemical tests (speciation). Both methods were easy to use, but MF+TBX required additional time and effort. The proportion of E. coli that were presumptively ESBL in surface water samples was significantly greater downstream vs upstream of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) outfalls, suggesting that treated wastewater is a source of ESBL-Ec in some surface waters. The CBT and MF+TBX tests provided similar (but not identical) quantitative results, making the former method suitable as an alternative to the more complex MF+TBX procedure in some applications. Further AMR surveillance using MF+TBX and/or CBT methods may be useful to characterize and refine their performance for AMR monitoring in NC and elsewhere.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/6mhz-9s66
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pwat.0000117
ISSN:
2767-3219
Journal Issue:
9
Journal Title:
PLOS Water
Journal Volume:
2
Keyword:
Filtration, Poultry, Antimicrobial resistance, Antibiotics, Chickens, Surface water, Livestock, and Escherichia coli
Language Label:
English
License Label:
CC0 1.0 Universal
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
and USDA
Page Start:
e0000117
Person:
Appling, K. Clark, Sobsey, Mark D., Fisher, Michael B., and Durso, Lisa M.
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
Source:
7a08bf86-c6ae-49ab-ac1d-26a822ab4b56

177. Comprehensive mandatory policies are needed to fully protect all children from unhealthy food marketing

Title Tesim:
Comprehensive mandatory policies are needed to fully protect all children from unhealthy food marketing
Creator:
Stoltze, Fernanda Mediano, Popkin, Barry M., and Carpentier, Francesca R. Dillman
Date of publication:
2023
Abstract Tesim:
The World Health Organization (WHO) have released a new guideline, “Policies to protect children from the harmful impact of food marketing” [1] which recommends the development of comprehensive laws to reduce children’s exposure to unhealthy food marketing. This new guideline extends previous recommendations [2] to limit the adverse effects of unhealthy food marketing on the health of the world’s children. We consider here whether these new recommendations go far enough.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Nutrition and Hussman School of Journalism and Media
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/ra4t-1917
Edition:
Postprint
Identifier:
https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004291
ISSN:
1549-1676
Journal Issue:
9
Journal Title:
PLOS Medicine
Journal Volume:
20
Keyword:
Children, Advertising, Randomized controlled trials, Food, Marketing, Conservation science, Global health, and Child and adolescent health policy
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile and
Page Start:
e1004291
Person:
Stoltze, Fernanda Mediano, Popkin, Barry M., and Carpentier, Francesca R. Dillman
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
Source:
29677853-cd4b-448f-a1ce-4a7a9ff559c4

178. Comparing typologies of violence exposure and associations with syndemic health outcomes among cisgender and transgender female sex workers living with HIV in the Dominican Republic

Title Tesim:
Comparing typologies of violence exposure and associations with syndemic health outcomes among cisgender and transgender female sex workers living with HIV in the Dominican Republic
Creator:
Barrington C., Perez M., Rodriguez-Diaz C., MacLin B.J., Kerrigan D., Donastorg Y., Wang Y., and Gomez H.
Date of publication:
2023
Abstract Tesim:
Violence against women research largely excludes transgender women’s experiences and violence from perpetrators other than intimate partners. This study compares patterns of violence exposure among cisgender and transgender female sex workers (FSWs) and the associations with syndemic health outcomes. We used cross-sectional surveys from samples of cisgender and transgender FSWs living with HIV in the Dominican Republic (N = 211 and 100, respectively). We used latent class analysis to identify patterns of emotional, physical and sexual violence and harassment by partners, clients, and police. We assessed sociodemographic and occupational predictors in relation to class membership, and class membership in relation to health (HIV continuum of care outcomes, mental health, substance use), using logistic regression. Two classes were identified in cisgender sample: Low Reported Violence Exposure (Class 1) and Sex Work-related Police Harassment (Class 2). Class 2 participants had greater odds of scoring abnormal or borderline abnormal anxiety on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A) (adjusted OR = 3.97 p<0.01), moderate-to-severe depression per the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) (aOR = 5.74, p<0.01), and any illicit drug use in the past six months (aOR = 3.06, p<0.05) compared to Class 1. The transgender sample produced three classes: Low Reported Violence Exposure (Class 1); Sex Work-related Police Harassment (Class 2); and Sex Workrelated Violence and Harassment (Class 3). Class 3 participants had greater odds of having anxiety (aOR = 6.65, p<0.01) and depression (aOR = 4.45, p<0.05), while Class 2 participants had greater odds of perfect ART adherence during the previous four days (aOR = 2.78, p<0.05), compared to Class 1. The more diverse and extreme violence patterns uncovered for the transgender sample show this group’s heightened risk, while similar patterns across groups regarding police abuse highlight a need for police-focused violence prevention interventions. Each sample’s highest violence class was associated with poor mental health, underscoring the need for mental health interventions for all FSWs.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Health Behavior
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/fy62-8x54
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0291314
ISSN:
1932-6203
Journal Issue:
9-Sep
Journal Title:
PLoS ONE
Journal Volume:
18
Keyword:
sexual violence, controlled study, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, Article, Transgender Persons, female, cohort analysis, sex worker, syndemic, adult, comparative study, outcome assessment, sociodemographics, cross-sectional study, Humans, Female, major clinical study, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dominican Republic, Sex Workers, Exposure to Violence, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Human immunodeficiency virus infected patient, Syndemic, human, latent class analysis, male, harassment, substance use, binge drinking, household income, exposure to violence, depression, transgender, and HIV Infections
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
, Instituto Dermatológico y Cirugía de la Piel, George Washington University, and University of Pittsburgh
Person:
Barrington C., Perez M., Rodriguez-Diaz C., MacLin B.J., Kerrigan D., Donastorg Y., Wang Y., and Gomez H.
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
Source:
f21eab3e-6fc6-46a7-a839-79ff5d4e267c

179. Challenges in implementation of public policies in aging and dementia in Peru

Title Tesim:
Challenges in implementation of public policies in aging and dementia in Peru
Creator:
Pintado-Caipa, Maritza, Diaz, Monica M., and Garcia, Patricia J.
Date of publication:
2023
Abstract Tesim:
Due to population aging and health transitions, people with dementia in Latin America and Caribbean region (LAC) are expected to increase from 7.8 million in 2013 to over 27 million by 2050. Fragmented healthcare systems in the LAC region make it challenging to provide adequate dementia care. However, implementing preventive interventions to reduce the burden of dementia can help strengthen services for aging populations. It is crucial to establish public policies that allocate governmental resources to implement these strategies.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of Neurology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/g3b4-av15
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002345
ISSN:
2767-3375
Journal Issue:
9
Journal Title:
PLOS Global Public Health
Journal Volume:
3
Keyword:
Peru, Socioeconomic aspects of health, Caregivers, Aging, Alzheimer's disease, Dementia, Elderly, and Health care policy
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
University of California, San Francisco, , and Cayetano Heredia University
Page Start:
e0002345
Person:
Pintado-Caipa, Maritza, Diaz, Monica M., and Garcia, Patricia J.
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
Source:
a4dceeab-7fb6-418a-a4b3-feb99386823a

180. Assessing the size and growth of the US wetland and stream compensatory mitigation industry

Title Tesim:
Assessing the size and growth of the US wetland and stream compensatory mitigation industry
Creator:
Kwon, Joungwon, BenDor, Todd K., and Lester, T. William
Date of publication:
2023
Abstract Tesim:
Interest has focused on quantifying the size and scope of environmental markets, particularly those that offset ecosystem impacts or restore natural infrastructure to improve habitat or promote clean air and water. In this paper, we focus on the US wetland and stream compensatory mitigation market, asking: what types of firms make up the mitigation “industry”? What are the economic impacts–i.e., the “size”–of the mitigation industry? How has this industry changed over time? We present the results of a national survey of mitigation firms and construct an input-output model of the industry’s economic impacts and employment. We also develop a comparative, 2014 model of the industry using data from a previous study of the broader, ecological restoration economy. Our findings suggest that the (2019, pre-COVID) mitigation industry collects annual revenues (direct economic impacts) in excess of $3.5 billion, which, along with additional indirect (supply chain) and induced (spillover) economic impacts, combine to over $9.6 billion in total output and support over 53,000 total jobs. We estimate 2014–2019 growth of ~35.2 percent in revenues, ~32.6 percent in total economic impacts, and a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.25%. This places the mitigation industry within the range of other, well-established industries within the technical services sector. We suggest establishing North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes specifically for ecological restoration and mitigation firms, an essential step in generating accurate and consistent employment estimates in the future, particularly at sub-national geographic scales.
Resource type:
Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:
Department of City and Regional Planning
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17615/k7w8-y429
Edition:
Publisher
Identifier:
https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285139
ISSN:
1932-6203
Journal Issue:
9
Journal Title:
PLOS ONE
Journal Volume:
18
Keyword:
Wetlands, Ecosystems, Regulations, Surveys, Jobs, Labor economics, Economic impact analysis, and Employment
Language Label:
English
License Label:
Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:
and San Jose State University
Page Start:
e0285139
Person:
Kwon, Joungwon, BenDor, Todd K., and Lester, T. William
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
Source:
8d6a0f9d-e9bf-4a01-a64a-1ccbd523052a