PLoS Articles
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UNC-authored articles published by the Public Library of Science (PLoS)
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41. Hepatitis B care cascade among people with HIV/HBV coinfection in the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design, 2012-2016
- Title Tesim:
- Hepatitis B care cascade among people with HIV/HBV coinfection in the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design, 2012-2016
- Creator:
- Napravnik S., Torgersen J., Moore R.D., Lim J.K., Horberg M.A., Kim J., Lang R., Klein M.B., McGinnis K.A., Sterling T.R., Kirk G.D., Newcomb C.W., Silverberg M.J., Chew K., Reddy K.R., Gill M.J., Carbonari D.M., Lo Re V., 3rd, Gebo K.A., Hull M., Coburn S.B., Mayor A.M., Cachay E.R., Althoff K.N., Seaberg E.C., Kim H.N., and Kitahata M.M.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- A care cascade is a critical tool for evaluating delivery of care for chronic infections across sequential stages, starting with diagnosis and ending with viral suppression. However, there have been few data describing the hepatitis B virus (HBV) care cascade among people living with HIV infection who have HBV coinfection. We conducted a cross-sectional study among people living with HIV and HBV coinfection receiving care between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2016 within 13 United States and Canadian clinical cohorts contributing data to the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD). We evaluated each of the steps in this cascade, including: 1) laboratory-confirmed HBV infection, 2) tenofovir-based or entecavir-based HBV therapy prescribed, 3) HBV DNA measured during treatment, and 4) viral suppression achieved via undetectable HBV DNA. Among 3,953 persons with laboratory-confirmed HBV (median age, 50 years; 6.5% female; 43.8% were Black; 7.1% were Hispanic), 3,592 (90.9%; 95% confidence interval, 90.0-91.8%) were prescribed tenofovir-based antiretroviral therapy or entecavir along with their antiretroviral therapy regimen, 2,281 (57.7%; 95% confidence interval, 56.2-59.2%) had HBV DNA measured while on therapy, and 1,624 (41.1%; 95% confidence interval, 39.5-42.6) achieved an undetectable HBV DNA during HBV treatment. Our study identified significant gaps in measurement of HBV DNA and suppression of HBV viremia among people living with HIV and HBV coinfection in the United States and Canada. Periodic evaluation of the HBV care cascade among persons with HIV/HBV will be critical to monitoring success in completion of each step.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Medicine
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/r8xd-kb29
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0290889
- ISSN:
- 1932-6203
- Journal Issue:
- 9
- Journal Title:
- PloS one
- Journal Volume:
- 18
- Keyword:
- Hepatitis B virus, Coinfection, coinfection, hepatitis B, Canada, Humans, tenofovir, Female, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, Cross-Sectional Studies, human, Tenofovir, virus DNA, complication, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, female, male, cross-sectional study, HIV Infections, Male, Middle Aged, middle aged, DNA, Viral, Hepatitis B, and acquired immune deficiency syndrome
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- CC0 1.0 Universal
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- , University of Pennsylvania, Johns Hopkins University, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Drexel University College of Medicine, University of Calgary, McGill University Health Centre, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, University of California Los Angeles, University of British Columbia, Universidad Central del Caribe, University of California San Diego, and University of Washington
- Page Start:
- e0290889
- Person:
- Napravnik S., Torgersen J., Moore R.D., Lim J.K., Horberg M.A., Kim J., Lang R., Klein M.B., McGinnis K.A., Sterling T.R., Kirk G.D., Newcomb C.W., Silverberg M.J., Chew K., Reddy K.R., Gill M.J., Carbonari D.M., Lo Re V., 3rd, Gebo K.A., Hull M., Coburn S.B., Mayor A.M., Cachay E.R., Althoff K.N., Seaberg E.C., Kim H.N., and Kitahata M.M.
- Publisher:
- Public Library of Science
- Source:
- 76d210b6-4758-4cfd-9267-84080ee5bc8a
42. Global implementation research capacity building to address cardiovascular disease: An assessment of efforts in eight countries
- Title Tesim:
- Global implementation research capacity building to address cardiovascular disease: An assessment of efforts in eight countries
- Creator:
- Price, LeShawndra N., Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, Weber, Mary Beth, Andesia, Josephine, Apusiga, Kingsley, Rakhra, Ashlin, Fitzpatrick, Annette L., Muula, Adamson S., Nguyen, Hoa L., Ha, Duc A., Fort, Meredith P., Hosseinipour, Mina C., Akwanalo, Constantine, Adjei, Kezia Gladys Amaning, and Baumann, Ana A.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, but implementation of evidence-based interventions for risk factors such as hypertension is lacking, particularly in low and middle income countries (LMICs). Building implementation research capacity in LMICs is required to overcome this gap. Members of the Global Research on Implementation and Translation Science (GRIT) Consortium have been collaborating in recent years to establish a research and training infrastructure in dissemination and implementation to improve hypertension care. GRIT includes projects in Ghana, Guatemala, India, Kenya, Malawi, Nepal, Rwanda, and Vietnam. We collected data from each site on capacity building activities using the Potter and Brough (2004) model, mapping formal and informal activities to develop (a) structures, systems and roles, (b) staff and infrastructure, (c) skills, and (d) tools. We captured information about sites’ needs assessments and metrics plus program adaptations due to the COVID-19 pandemic. All sites reported capacity building activities in each layer of the Capacity Pyramid, with the largest number of activities in the Skills and Tools categories, the more technical and easier to implement categories. All sites included formal and informal training to build Skills. All sites included a baseline needs assessment to guide capacity building activities or assess context and inform intervention design. Sites implementing evidence-based hypertension interventions used common implementation science frameworks to evaluate implementation outcomes. Although the COVID-19 pandemic affected timelines and in-person events, all projects were able to pivot and carry out planned activities. Although variability in the activities and methods used existed, GRIT programs used needs assessments to guide locally appropriate design and implementation of capacity building activities. COVID-19 related changes were necessary, but strong collaborations and relationships with health ministries were maintained. The GRIT Consortium is a model for planning capacity building in LMICs.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Medicine
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/3k0n-3449
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002237
- ISSN:
- 2767-3375
- Journal Issue:
- 9
- Journal Title:
- PLOS Global Public Health
- Journal Volume:
- 3
- Keyword:
- Pandemics, COVID 19, Guatemala, Health care policy, Low and middle income countries, Hypertension, Health systems strengthening, and Consortia
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- CC0 1.0 Universal
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- National Institutes of Health, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Emory University, Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, University of Washington, University of Malawi and the Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Vietnam Ministry of Health, University of Colorado – Anschutz Medical Campus, , Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, and Washington University in St. Louis
- Page Start:
- e0002237
- Person:
- Price, LeShawndra N., Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, Weber, Mary Beth, Andesia, Josephine, Apusiga, Kingsley, Rakhra, Ashlin, Fitzpatrick, Annette L., Muula, Adamson S., Nguyen, Hoa L., Ha, Duc A., Fort, Meredith P., Hosseinipour, Mina C., Akwanalo, Constantine, Adjei, Kezia Gladys Amaning, and Baumann, Ana A.
- Publisher:
- Public Library of Science
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
- Source:
- 3252079a-5338-4ea4-9da8-495ba21aa377
43. Estimating the proportion of clinically suspected cholera cases that are true Vibrio cholerae infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Title Tesim:
- Estimating the proportion of clinically suspected cholera cases that are true Vibrio cholerae infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Creator:
- Zou K., Wiens K.E., Lessler J., Xu H., Mwaba J., Lee E.C., Malembaka E.B., Qadri F., Azman A.S., Demby M.N., and Bwire G.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Background Cholera: surveillance relies on clinical diagnosis of acute watery : diarrhea. Suspected cholera case definitions have high sensitivity but low specificity, challenging our ability to characterize cholera burden and epidemiology. Our objective was to estimate the proportion of clinically suspected cholera that are true Vibrio cholerae infections and identify factors that explain variation in positivity. Methods and findings We conducted a systematic review of studies that tested ≥10 suspected cholera cases for V. cholerae O1/O139 using culture, PCR, and/or a rapid diagnostic test. We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar for studies that sampled at least one suspected case between January 1, 2000 and April 19, 2023, to reflect contemporary patterns in V. cholerae positivity. We estimated diagnostic test sensitivity and specificity using a latent class meta-analysis. We estimated V. cholerae positivity using a random-effects meta-analysis, adjusting for test performance. We included 119 studies from 30 countries. V. cholerae positivity was lower in studies with representative sampling and in studies that set minimum ages in suspected case definitions. After adjusting for test performance, on average, 52% (95% credible interval (CrI): 24%, 80%) of suspected cases represented true V. cholerae infections. After adjusting for test performance and study methodology, the odds of a suspected case having a true infection were 5.71 (odds ratio 95% CrI: 1.53, 15.43) times higher when surveillance was initiated in response to an outbreak than in non-outbreak settings. Variation across studies was high, and a limitation of our approach was that we were unable to explain all the heterogeneity with study-level attributes, including diagnostic test used, setting, and case definitions. Conclusions In this study, we found that burden estimates based on suspected cases alone may overestimate the incidence of medically attended cholera by 2-fold. However, accounting for cases missed by traditional clinical surveillance is key to unbiased cholera : burden estimates. Given the substantial variability in positivity between settings, extrapolations from suspected to confirmed cases, which is necessary to estimate cholera incidence rates without exhaustive testing, should be based on local data.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Epidemiology
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/54q1-5559
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004286
- ISSN:
- 1549-1277
- Journal Issue:
- 9
- Journal Title:
- PLoS Medicine
- Journal Volume:
- 20
- Keyword:
- acute gastroenteritis, sensitivity and specificity, diagnostic test, sensitivity analysis, Vibrio cholerae, meta analysis, task performance, diarrhea, polymerase chain reaction, human, systematic review, controlled study, Article, false positive result, incidence, diagnostic test accuracy study, and cholera
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- Johns Hopkins University, Temple University, , University of Zambia, Université Catholique de Bukavu, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, and Ministry of Health
- Person:
- Zou K., Wiens K.E., Lessler J., Xu H., Mwaba J., Lee E.C., Malembaka E.B., Qadri F., Azman A.S., Demby M.N., and Bwire G.
- Publisher:
- Public Library of Science
- Source:
- b4e81a45-752a-4e44-9789-f45fa7cf015f
44. Estimating the effect of a rifampicin resistant tuberculosis diagnosis by the Xpert MTB/RIF assay on two-year mortality
- Title Tesim:
- Estimating the effect of a rifampicin resistant tuberculosis diagnosis by the Xpert MTB/RIF assay on two-year mortality
- Creator:
- Van Rie, Annelies, De Vos, Elise, Stevens, Wendy, Scott, Lesley, da Silva, Pedro, Hayes, Cindy, de Lima, Yara Voss, and Westreich, Daniel
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Studies assessing patient-centred outcomes of novel rifampicin resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) diagnostics are rare and mostly apply conventional methods which may not adequately address biases. Even though the Xpert MTB/RIF molecular assay was endorsed a decade ago for simultaneous diagnosis of tuberculosis and RR-TB, the impact of the assay on mortality among people with RR-TB has not yet been assessed. We analysed data of an observational prospective cohort study (EXIT-RIF) performed in South Africa. We applied a causal inference approach using inverse odds of sampling weights to rectify survivor bias and selection bias caused by differing screening guidelines. We also adjusted for confounding using a marginal structural model with inverse probability of treatment weights. We estimated the total effect of an RR-TB diagnosis made by the Xpert assay versus the pre-Xpert diagnostic algorithm (entailing a targeted Line Probe Assay (LPA) among TB-confirmed patients) on two-year mortality and we assessed mediation by RR-treatment initiation. Of the 749 patients diagnosed with RR-TB [247 (33%) by the pre-Xpert diagnostic algorithm and 502 (67%) by the Xpert assay], 42.7% died. Of these, 364 (48.6%) patients died in the pre-Xpert group and 200 (39.8%) in the Xpert group. People diagnosed with RR-TB by the Xpert assay had a higher odds of RR-TB treatment initiation compared to those diagnosed by the targeted LPA-based diagnostic process (OR 2.79; 95%CI 2.19–3.56). Receiving an RR-TB diagnosis by Xpert resulted in a 28% reduction in the odds of mortality within 2 years after presentation to the clinic (ORCI 0.72; 95%CI 0.53–0.99). Causal mediation analysis suggests that the higher rate of RR-TB treatment initiation in people diagnosed by the Xpert assay explains the effect of Xpert on 2-year mortality [natural indirect effect odds ratio 0.90 (95%CI 0.85–0.96). By using causal inference methods in combination with high quality observational data, we could demonstrate that the introduction of the Xpert assay caused a 28% reduction in 2-year odds of mortality of RR-TB. This finding highlights the need for advocacy for a worldwide roll-out of rapid molecular tests. Because the effect is mainly caused by increased RR-TB treatment initiation, health care systems should also ensure timely initiation of effective treatment upon an RR-TB diagnosis.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/c34x-tk65
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001989
- ISSN:
- 2767-3375
- Journal Issue:
- 9
- Journal Title:
- PLOS Global Public Health
- Journal Volume:
- 3
- Keyword:
- Tuberculosis, Diagnostic medicine, Tuberculosis diagnosis and management, HIV diagnosis and management, Death rates, Tuberculosis drug discovery, Directed acyclic graphs, and Body weight
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- University of Antwerp, University of the Witwatersrand, National Health Laboratory Service, National Health Laboratory Services, Instituto Nacional de Saude, and
- Page Start:
- e0001989
- Person:
- Van Rie, Annelies, De Vos, Elise, Stevens, Wendy, Scott, Lesley, da Silva, Pedro, Hayes, Cindy, de Lima, Yara Voss, and Westreich, Daniel
- Publisher:
- Public Library of Science
- Source:
- 0e7645c3-d69a-4279-b297-a06d5a357770
45. Environmental monitoring of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in North Carolina water and wastewater using the WHO Tricycle protocol in combination with membrane filtration and compartment bag test methods for detecting and quantifying ESBL E. coli
- Title Tesim:
- Environmental monitoring of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in North Carolina water and wastewater using the WHO Tricycle protocol in combination with membrane filtration and compartment bag test methods for detecting and quantifying ESBL E. coli
- Creator:
- Appling, K. Clark, Sobsey, Mark D., Fisher, Michael B., and Durso, Lisa M.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens human and animal health; effective response requires monitoring AMR presence in humans, animals, and the environment. The World Health Organization Tricycle Protocol (WHO TP) standardizes and streamlines global AMR monitoring around a single indicator organism, extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec). The WHO TP culture-based method detects and quantifies ESBL-Ec by spread-plating or membrane filtration on either MacConkey or TBX agar (supplemented with cefotaxime). These methods require laboratories and trained personnel, limiting feasibility in low-resource and field settings. We adapted the WHO TP using a simplified method, the compartment bag test (CBT), to quantify most probable numbers (MPN) of ESBL-Ec in samples. CBT methods can be used correctly in the field by typical adults after a few hours’ training. We collected and analyzed municipal wastewater, surface water, and chicken waste samples from sites in Raleigh and Chapel Hill, NC over an 8-month period. Presumptive ESBL-Ec were quantified using MF on TBX agar supplemented with cefotaxime (MF+TBX), as well as using the CBT with chromogenic E. coli medium containing cefotaxime. Presumptive ESBL-Ec bacteria were isolated from completed tests for confirmation and characterization by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion tests (antibiotic sensitivity) and EnteroPluri biochemical tests (speciation). Both methods were easy to use, but MF+TBX required additional time and effort. The proportion of E. coli that were presumptively ESBL in surface water samples was significantly greater downstream vs upstream of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) outfalls, suggesting that treated wastewater is a source of ESBL-Ec in some surface waters. The CBT and MF+TBX tests provided similar (but not identical) quantitative results, making the former method suitable as an alternative to the more complex MF+TBX procedure in some applications. Further AMR surveillance using MF+TBX and/or CBT methods may be useful to characterize and refine their performance for AMR monitoring in NC and elsewhere.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/6mhz-9s66
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pwat.0000117
- ISSN:
- 2767-3219
- Journal Issue:
- 9
- Journal Title:
- PLOS Water
- Journal Volume:
- 2
- Keyword:
- Filtration, Poultry, Antimicrobial resistance, Antibiotics, Chickens, Surface water, Livestock, and Escherichia coli
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- CC0 1.0 Universal
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- and USDA
- Page Start:
- e0000117
- Person:
- Appling, K. Clark, Sobsey, Mark D., Fisher, Michael B., and Durso, Lisa M.
- Publisher:
- Public Library of Science
- Source:
- 7a08bf86-c6ae-49ab-ac1d-26a822ab4b56
46. Comprehensive mandatory policies are needed to fully protect all children from unhealthy food marketing
- Title Tesim:
- Comprehensive mandatory policies are needed to fully protect all children from unhealthy food marketing
- Creator:
- Stoltze, Fernanda Mediano, Popkin, Barry M., and Carpentier, Francesca R. Dillman
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- The World Health Organization (WHO) have released a new guideline, “Policies to protect children from the harmful impact of food marketing” [1] which recommends the development of comprehensive laws to reduce children’s exposure to unhealthy food marketing. This new guideline extends previous recommendations [2] to limit the adverse effects of unhealthy food marketing on the health of the world’s children. We consider here whether these new recommendations go far enough.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Nutrition and Hussman School of Journalism and Media
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/ra4t-1917
- Edition:
- Postprint
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004291
- ISSN:
- 1549-1676
- Journal Issue:
- 9
- Journal Title:
- PLOS Medicine
- Journal Volume:
- 20
- Keyword:
- Children, Advertising, Randomized controlled trials, Food, Marketing, Conservation science, Global health, and Child and adolescent health policy
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile and
- Page Start:
- e1004291
- Person:
- Stoltze, Fernanda Mediano, Popkin, Barry M., and Carpentier, Francesca R. Dillman
- Publisher:
- Public Library of Science
- Source:
- 29677853-cd4b-448f-a1ce-4a7a9ff559c4
47. Comparing typologies of violence exposure and associations with syndemic health outcomes among cisgender and transgender female sex workers living with HIV in the Dominican Republic
- Title Tesim:
- Comparing typologies of violence exposure and associations with syndemic health outcomes among cisgender and transgender female sex workers living with HIV in the Dominican Republic
- Creator:
- Barrington C., Perez M., Rodriguez-Diaz C., MacLin B.J., Kerrigan D., Donastorg Y., Wang Y., and Gomez H.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Violence against women research largely excludes transgender women’s experiences and violence from perpetrators other than intimate partners. This study compares patterns of violence exposure among cisgender and transgender female sex workers (FSWs) and the associations with syndemic health outcomes. We used cross-sectional surveys from samples of cisgender and transgender FSWs living with HIV in the Dominican Republic (N = 211 and 100, respectively). We used latent class analysis to identify patterns of emotional, physical and sexual violence and harassment by partners, clients, and police. We assessed sociodemographic and occupational predictors in relation to class membership, and class membership in relation to health (HIV continuum of care outcomes, mental health, substance use), using logistic regression. Two classes were identified in cisgender sample: Low Reported Violence Exposure (Class 1) and Sex Work-related Police Harassment (Class 2). Class 2 participants had greater odds of scoring abnormal or borderline abnormal anxiety on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A) (adjusted OR = 3.97 p<0.01), moderate-to-severe depression per the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) (aOR = 5.74, p<0.01), and any illicit drug use in the past six months (aOR = 3.06, p<0.05) compared to Class 1. The transgender sample produced three classes: Low Reported Violence Exposure (Class 1); Sex Work-related Police Harassment (Class 2); and Sex Workrelated Violence and Harassment (Class 3). Class 3 participants had greater odds of having anxiety (aOR = 6.65, p<0.01) and depression (aOR = 4.45, p<0.05), while Class 2 participants had greater odds of perfect ART adherence during the previous four days (aOR = 2.78, p<0.05), compared to Class 1. The more diverse and extreme violence patterns uncovered for the transgender sample show this group’s heightened risk, while similar patterns across groups regarding police abuse highlight a need for police-focused violence prevention interventions. Each sample’s highest violence class was associated with poor mental health, underscoring the need for mental health interventions for all FSWs.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Health Behavior
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/fy62-8x54
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0291314
- ISSN:
- 1932-6203
- Journal Issue:
- 9-Sep
- Journal Title:
- PLoS ONE
- Journal Volume:
- 18
- Keyword:
- sexual violence, controlled study, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, Article, Transgender Persons, female, cohort analysis, sex worker, syndemic, adult, comparative study, outcome assessment, sociodemographics, cross-sectional study, Humans, Female, major clinical study, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dominican Republic, Sex Workers, Exposure to Violence, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Human immunodeficiency virus infected patient, Syndemic, human, latent class analysis, male, harassment, substance use, binge drinking, household income, exposure to violence, depression, transgender, and HIV Infections
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- , Instituto Dermatológico y Cirugía de la Piel, George Washington University, and University of Pittsburgh
- Person:
- Barrington C., Perez M., Rodriguez-Diaz C., MacLin B.J., Kerrigan D., Donastorg Y., Wang Y., and Gomez H.
- Publisher:
- Public Library of Science
- Source:
- f21eab3e-6fc6-46a7-a839-79ff5d4e267c
48. Challenges in implementation of public policies in aging and dementia in Peru
- Title Tesim:
- Challenges in implementation of public policies in aging and dementia in Peru
- Creator:
- Pintado-Caipa, Maritza, Diaz, Monica M., and Garcia, Patricia J.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Due to population aging and health transitions, people with dementia in Latin America and Caribbean region (LAC) are expected to increase from 7.8 million in 2013 to over 27 million by 2050. Fragmented healthcare systems in the LAC region make it challenging to provide adequate dementia care. However, implementing preventive interventions to reduce the burden of dementia can help strengthen services for aging populations. It is crucial to establish public policies that allocate governmental resources to implement these strategies.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Neurology
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/g3b4-av15
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002345
- ISSN:
- 2767-3375
- Journal Issue:
- 9
- Journal Title:
- PLOS Global Public Health
- Journal Volume:
- 3
- Keyword:
- Peru, Socioeconomic aspects of health, Caregivers, Aging, Alzheimer's disease, Dementia, Elderly, and Health care policy
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- University of California, San Francisco, , and Cayetano Heredia University
- Page Start:
- e0002345
- Person:
- Pintado-Caipa, Maritza, Diaz, Monica M., and Garcia, Patricia J.
- Publisher:
- Public Library of Science
- Source:
- a4dceeab-7fb6-418a-a4b3-feb99386823a
49. Assessing the size and growth of the US wetland and stream compensatory mitigation industry
- Title Tesim:
- Assessing the size and growth of the US wetland and stream compensatory mitigation industry
- Creator:
- Kwon, Joungwon, BenDor, Todd K., and Lester, T. William
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Interest has focused on quantifying the size and scope of environmental markets, particularly those that offset ecosystem impacts or restore natural infrastructure to improve habitat or promote clean air and water. In this paper, we focus on the US wetland and stream compensatory mitigation market, asking: what types of firms make up the mitigation “industry”? What are the economic impacts–i.e., the “size”–of the mitigation industry? How has this industry changed over time? We present the results of a national survey of mitigation firms and construct an input-output model of the industry’s economic impacts and employment. We also develop a comparative, 2014 model of the industry using data from a previous study of the broader, ecological restoration economy. Our findings suggest that the (2019, pre-COVID) mitigation industry collects annual revenues (direct economic impacts) in excess of $3.5 billion, which, along with additional indirect (supply chain) and induced (spillover) economic impacts, combine to over $9.6 billion in total output and support over 53,000 total jobs. We estimate 2014–2019 growth of ~35.2 percent in revenues, ~32.6 percent in total economic impacts, and a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.25%. This places the mitigation industry within the range of other, well-established industries within the technical services sector. We suggest establishing North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes specifically for ecological restoration and mitigation firms, an essential step in generating accurate and consistent employment estimates in the future, particularly at sub-national geographic scales.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of City and Regional Planning
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/k7w8-y429
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285139
- ISSN:
- 1932-6203
- Journal Issue:
- 9
- Journal Title:
- PLOS ONE
- Journal Volume:
- 18
- Keyword:
- Wetlands, Ecosystems, Regulations, Surveys, Jobs, Labor economics, Economic impact analysis, and Employment
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- and San Jose State University
- Page Start:
- e0285139
- Person:
- Kwon, Joungwon, BenDor, Todd K., and Lester, T. William
- Publisher:
- Public Library of Science
- Source:
- 8d6a0f9d-e9bf-4a01-a64a-1ccbd523052a
50. “They have their own people”: Emotional connections, community belonging, and Chinese gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) college students’ needs for sexual health support
- Title Tesim:
- “They have their own people”: Emotional connections, community belonging, and Chinese gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) college students’ needs for sexual health support
- Creator:
- Li C., Tang K., Liang Y., Zhang R., Zou K., and Yang M.
- Date of publication:
- 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- Gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) college students in China have unique sexual health challenges, including a higher risk of HIV infection, stigma and discrimination against LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer) population, and limited access to LGBTQ-affirmative sexual health support. Nonetheless, previous research or policymaking has rarely addressed the students’ needs for sexual health support from their perspectives. This study aims to explore GBMSM college students’ perceptions and attitudes to current sexual health resources, the challenges they encounter, and their expectations to acquiring LGBTQ-affirmative sexual health information and services. The exploration was carried out through field visits and in-depth interviews with 26 GBMSM college students and eight relevant stakeholders in five cities in China. Qualitative thematic analysis was applied to the interview transcripts and fieldwork memos. Four themes emerged around the preference and needs of GBMSM students in dealing with their sexual health challenges: the association between tackling sexual health challenges and entering LGBTQ communities, the roles of emotional attachment in shaping the preference for HIV-related care and support, the desired modes of acquiring sexual health support, and the current unmet service needs. We discovered that the information-and-care-seeking behaviors of GBMSM college students are highly influenced by and connected to their participation in online and in-person LGBTQ communities. Due to the overall stigmatizing sociocultural environment of LGBTQ in China, GBMSM college students tend to rely on LGBTQ communities, seeking trust and a sense of belongingness for tackling their sexual health challenges. Conventional school-based sexual health educational programs, which often apply top-down, stigma-and-fear-based, and non-LGBTQ-inclusive teaching strategies, rarely help GBMSM college students to solve sexual health problems in real life. GBMSM college students are eager to have LGBTQ-affirmative "health managers" who can understand their emotional experiences and interpersonal contexts and assist them with sexual health issues. However, such support is generally perceived as limited by the students. Our study highlights these unmet needs of the GBMSM students and emphasizes the importance of developing future LGBTQ-affirmative sexual health programs among Chinese GBMSM college students and young GBMSM in general.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Health Behavior
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/m5yf-7974
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0291550
- ISSN:
- 1932-6203
- Journal Issue:
- 9-Sep
- Journal Title:
- PLoS ONE
- Journal Volume:
- 18
- Keyword:
- city, Humans, HIV Infections, East Asian, manager, field work, men who have sex with men, teaching, Sexual Health, expectation, bisexuality, male homosexuality, genetic transcription, interview, emotional attachment, student, human, Students, China, perception, LGBTQIA+ people, Male, sexual and gender minority, Female, nonhuman, human experiment, adult, East Asian People, trust, college student, fear, stigma, article, thematic analysis, male, female, Homosexuality, Male, clinical article, Sexual and Gender Minorities, sexual health, Human immunodeficiency virus, and Human immunodeficiency virus infection
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- , Tsinghua University, Johns Hopkins University, and University of Toronto
- Person:
- Li C., Tang K., Liang Y., Zhang R., Zou K., and Yang M.
- Publisher:
- Public Library of Science
- Source:
- 6641a54a-e338-444e-b668-ac3bcc6e0211
Collection Details
- Total items
-
1980
- Size
-
unknown
- Date created
-
February 2, 2022