SAGE Articles
User Collection Public
Gold open access articles authored by UNC researchers and published by SAGE.
Works (422)
181. “(It) Shouldn’t Be Funny But You Can’t Help But Laugh”: Black Twitter, #TweetLikeThe1600s, and Black Humor Online
- Title Tesim:
- “(It) Shouldn’t Be Funny But You Can’t Help But Laugh”: Black Twitter, #TweetLikeThe1600s, and Black Humor Online
- Creator:
- Taylor, Zari
- Date of publication:
- 2022
- Abstract Tesim:
- In May 2014, comedian Leslie Jones faced backlash after making a joke about slavery during an episode of Saturday Night Live. During the ?Weekend Update? sketch of the show, Jones, a Black woman, emphasized that although she was single now, she would have been a hot commodity during slavery. She added that after being hooked up with ?the best brother on the plantation? by her massa, she would be popping out ?superbabies? every 9 months. Although the show is known for testing the limits of comedy and poking fun at everything, Jones was criticized for making light of such a serious topic. In early 2018, however, Black Twitter picked up right where Jones left off and slavery became a topic of amusement online. Using words, gifs, memes, and videos, users reimagined the lives of enslaved African Americans during the 1600s in a comical manner. This online exchange was marked by the #TweetLikeThe1600s hashtag and went in a series of directions. In what follows, I locate the hashtag in a longer tradition of Black humor as well as analyze subsequent discussions about who is allowed in on the joke. Beyond the jokes themselves, these smaller and supplementary discourses inform my engagement with the subject.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/5anj-vv52
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20563051221107631
- ISSN:
- 2056-3051
- Journal Issue:
- 2
- Journal Title:
- Social Media + Society
- Journal Volume:
- 8
- Keyword:
- humor, social media, and Black Twitter
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- Person:
- Taylor, Zari
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications Ltd
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
- Source:
- SAGE_missing_articles_2022_1
182. Impact of a Medical Clinic Relocation on Travel Time: A Tale of 2 Modes of Transportation
- Title Tesim:
- Impact of a Medical Clinic Relocation on Travel Time: A Tale of 2 Modes of Transportation
- Creator:
- Mathis, Walter S, Kahn, Peter A, Ying, Xiaohan, and Li, Sunnie
- Date of publication:
- December 6, 2022
- Abstract Tesim:
- The aim of this study was to quantify access disparities by examining the impact of a medical clinic relocation on travel time differences for patients using private cars versus public transit. Longitude and latitude of patient home addresses were extracted from electronic medical records for the 4 years before the clinic move. Using offline, open-source, and HIPAA-compliant routing software, roundtrip travel times were computed from each home address to the old and new clinic locations via car and bus. Mean roundtrip travel time by a car changed from 41.3 (IQR 16.1-80.7) to 45.4 (IQR 25.9-78.1) minutes, a 9.9% increase. Mean roundtrip travel time by public transit changed from 67.5 (IQR 51.5-100.2) to 120.8 (100.3-156.1) minutes, a 78.9% increase. Even clinic relocations that minimally impact car travel times can nevertheless yield substantial changes to those traveling by public transit. Clinics and health systems that wish to reduce barriers to accessing health care, especially among those already facing structural inequities, would benefit from utilizing the analytic approach described here.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Gillings School of Global Public Health
- Copyright Date:
- 2022
- Deposit Record:
- 3cfa6be5-f2db-4514-ac61-018274a79556
- Type:
- http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/v058-my37
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.1177/23743735221143960
- ISSN:
- 2374-3743
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Patient Experience
- Journal Volume:
- 9
- Keyword:
- access, travel time, measurement, equity, public transit, and patient experience
- License Label:
- Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1341-2963 and
- Other Affiliation:
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA, Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA, and
- Person:
- Mathis, Walter S, Kahn, Peter A, Ying, Xiaohan, and Li, Sunnie
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications
- Rights Holder:
- Association for Patient Experience
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
183. Resources are vexing!
- Title Tesim:
- Resources are vexing!
- Creator:
- Himley, Matthew, Havice, Elizabeth, and Valdivia, Gabriela
- Date of publication:
- December 2022
- Abstract Tesim:
- Resource use and management are central concerns to environmental geography scholars, who have mobilized diverse approaches to examine the making, circulation, and socioecological effects of resources and resource systems. Informed by our reading of the resource geography literature and our experiences editing The Routledge Handbook of Critical Resource Geography, we reflect on the role of resources in the study of human–environment interactions. First, we outline what we mean by “critical” in critical resource geography and identify approaches scholars working in this area have taken to understand resources and the worlds that are created and undone through their production, circulation, consumption, and disposal. We then identify an aporia internal to critical resource geography that derives from the field's centering of a concept—“resources”—that is fundamentally linked to the colonial and capitalist subjugation of peoples and environments. Building from this, we propose an orientation for the field that recognizes critique to be the starting point of a collective effort to “unbound” the World of Resources with the aim of making what are now familiar resource-relations unacceptable.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Geography
- Copyright Date:
- 2022
- Deposit Record:
- ba25f9a4-103f-47db-b592-d1ae515f7146
- Type:
- http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/98k7-wm62
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.1177/27539687221117554
- ISSN:
- 2753-9687
- Journal Issue:
- 1-4
- Journal Title:
- Progress in Environmental Geography
- Journal Volume:
- 1
- Keyword:
- world-making, Critical resource geography, critique, ontological pluralism, and resources
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- and https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-2082
- Other Affiliation:
- Illinois State University and
- Page End:
- 22
- Page Start:
- 9
- Person:
- Himley, Matthew, Havice, Elizabeth, and Valdivia, Gabriela
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications
- Rights Holder:
- SAGE Publications
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
184. Private Equity: Antecedents, Outcomes, Mediators, and Moderators
- Title Tesim:
- Private Equity: Antecedents, Outcomes, Mediators, and Moderators
- Creator:
- McGrath, Patia J. and Nerkar, Atul
- Date of publication:
- January 2023
- Abstract Tesim:
- As private equity’s financial heft and influence on the business landscape has intensified, so too has scholarly interest in the phenomenon. We review recent progress in private equity research, with a focus on the private equity industry’s later-stage buyout segment. To synthesize and integrate current findings, we construct a framework that encompasses not only antecedents and outcomes of private equity’s activities, but also mediators and moderators of the relationships that drive these outcomes. Based upon the gaps and learning opportunities that are surfaced by this framework, we develop recommendations for future private equity research. The proposed research agenda is particularly germane to management scholars, whose theories and perspectives have thus far been productively, yet relatively sparingly, applied in private equity research.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Copyright Date:
- 2022
- Deposit Record:
- ba25f9a4-103f-47db-b592-d1ae515f7146
- Type:
- http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/m7jw-wr73
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.1177/01492063221127907
- ISSN:
- 1557-1211 and 0149-2063
- Journal Issue:
- 1
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Management
- Journal Volume:
- 49
- Keyword:
- buyout, private equity, and mergers & acquisitions
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9999-3748 and
- Other Affiliation:
- Page End:
- 195
- Page Start:
- 158
- Person:
- McGrath, Patia J. and Nerkar, Atul
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications
- Rights Holder:
- Southern Management Association
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
185. Economic Abuse and Care-seeking Practices for HIV and Financial Support Services in Women Employed by Sex Work: A Cross-Sectional Baseline Assessment of a Clinical Trial Cohort in Uganda
- Title Tesim:
- Economic Abuse and Care-seeking Practices for HIV and Financial Support Services in Women Employed by Sex Work: A Cross-Sectional Baseline Assessment of a Clinical Trial Cohort in Uganda
- Creator:
- Jennings Mayo-Wilson, Larissa, Yen, Bing-Jie, Witte, Susan S., Nabayinda, Josephine, Mwebembezi, Abel, Kagaayi, Joseph, Ssewamala, Fred M., Filippone, Prema L., Wright, Brittanni N., Kiyingi, Joshua, Nabunya, Proscovia, Bahar, Ozge Sensoy, and Tozan, Yesim
- Date of publication:
- May 5, 2022
- Abstract Tesim:
- Economic hardship is a driver of entry into sex work, which is associated with high HIV risk. Yet, little is known about economic abuse in women employed by sex work (WESW) and its relationship to uptake of HIV prevention and financial support services. This study used cross-sectional baseline data from a multisite, longitudinal clinical trial that tests the efficacy of adding economic empowerment to traditional HIV risk reduction education on HIV incidence in 542 WESW. Mixed effects logistic and linear regressions were used to examine associations in reported economic abuse by demographic characteristics, sexual behaviors, HIV care-seeking, and financial care-seeking. Mean age was 31.4 years. Most WESW were unmarried (74%) and had less than primary school education (64%). 48% had savings, and 72% had debt. 93% reported at least one economic abuse incident. Common incidents included being forced to ask for money (80%), having financial information kept from them (61%), and being forced to disclose how money was spent (56%). WESW also reported partners/relatives spending money needed for bills (45%), not paying bills (38%), threatening them to quit their job(s) (38%), and using physical violence when earning income (24%). Married/partnered WESW (OR = 2.68, 95% CI:1.60–4.48), those with debt (OR = 1.70, 95% CI:1.04–2.77), and those with sex-work bosses (OR = 1.90, 95% CI:1.07–3.38) had higher economic abuse. Condomless sex (β = +4.43, p < .05) was higher among WESW experiencing economic abuse, who also had lower odds of initiating PrEP (OR = .39, 95% CI:.17–.89). WESW experiencing economic abuse were also more likely to ask for cash among relatives (OR = 2.36, 95% CI:1.13–4.94) or banks (OR = 2.12, 95% CI:1.11–4.03). The high prevalence of HIV and economic abuse in WESW underscores the importance of integrating financial empowerment in HIV risk reduction interventions for WESW, including education about economic abuse and strategies to address it. Programs focusing on violence against women should also consider economic barriers to accessing HIV prevention services.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Gillings School of Global Public Health
- Copyright Date:
- 2022
- Deposit Record:
- ba25f9a4-103f-47db-b592-d1ae515f7146
- Type:
- http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/t8k8-6f92
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605221093680
- ISSN:
- 1552-6518
- Journal Issue:
- 1-2
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence
- Journal Volume:
- 38
- Keyword:
- HIV, economic abuse, female sex workers, violence, Uganda, and sexual risk behaviors
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9349-2283, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4024-1314, , and https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2051-8205
- Other Affiliation:
- , Department of Applied Health Science, Center for Sexual Health Promotion, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, USA, Columbia School of Social Work, New York, NY, USA, Washington University in St. Louis, Brown School, St. Louis, MO, USA, International Center for Child Health and Development, Masaka, Uganda, Rakai Health Sciences Program, Kalisizo, Uganda, and New York University College of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Page End:
- NP1949
- Page Start:
- NP1920
- Person:
- Jennings Mayo-Wilson, Larissa, Yen, Bing-Jie, Witte, Susan S., Nabayinda, Josephine, Mwebembezi, Abel, Kagaayi, Joseph, Ssewamala, Fred M., Filippone, Prema L., Wright, Brittanni N., Kiyingi, Joshua, Nabunya, Proscovia, Bahar, Ozge Sensoy, and Tozan, Yesim
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications
- Rights Holder:
- SAGE Publications
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
186. Sports Participation, Social Networks, and Sexual Violence Perpetration
- Title Tesim:
- Sports Participation, Social Networks, and Sexual Violence Perpetration
- Creator:
- Barbero, Colleen, Ingram, Katherine M., Espelage, Dorothy L., Nickodem, Kyle K., Leemis, Ruth W., and Basile, Kathleen C.
- Date of publication:
- April 26, 2022
- Abstract Tesim:
- Adolescent sexual violence (SV), which includes non-contact verbal sexual harassment (SH) and forced sexual contact (FSC), is a significant public health problem with long-term impacts on health and well-being. Understanding how sports participation is linked to SV can inform prevention efforts; however, the current literature is unclear about the nature of this association. Using data from 20 high schools, we investigate whether athletes in certain sports are at higher risk of SH and FSC perpetration than either other athletes or sports non-participants, and whether the risk is moderated by gender, dismissiveness of SV, or substance use intentions. We also utilize social network data to explore the role of relationships with peers and trusted adults to attenuate SH and FSC perpetration. Second, we incorporate characteristics of friends to further examine the role and composition of peer groups in the association between sports participation and perpetration of SH and FSC. Findings revealed a bivariate association between sport contact level and SH perpetration, but not FSC, and the association disappeared after adjusting for other covariates. Most prominently, dismissiveness of SV, intentions to use substances, and prior perpetration had the strongest association with perpetration regardless of sport contact level. Results also provided some support for the influence of peers and trusted adults in the sports context. Notably, the percentage of friends who perpetrated FSC and the percentage of friends who play a low-contact sport were positively associated with FSC perpetration, and the percentage of friends who play a high-contact sport was positively associated with SH perpetration. The paper concludes with a discussion of the sports context as an important venue for comprehensive prevention efforts, including a focus on changing norms around adolescent SV and substance use.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Copyright Date:
- 2022
- Deposit Record:
- ba25f9a4-103f-47db-b592-d1ae515f7146
- Type:
- http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/p0eh-fq21
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605221092067
- ISSN:
- 1552-6518
- Journal Issue:
- 1-2
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence
- Journal Volume:
- 38
- Keyword:
- adolescents, sports participation, social networks, sexual harassment, and sexual violence
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- , https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-8802, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0658-2067, and https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4976-3378
- Other Affiliation:
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA and
- Page End:
- NP1717
- Page Start:
- NP1690
- Person:
- Barbero, Colleen, Ingram, Katherine M., Espelage, Dorothy L., Nickodem, Kyle K., Leemis, Ruth W., and Basile, Kathleen C.
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications
- Rights Holder:
- SAGE Publications
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
187. Evaluation of a village-based digital health kiosks program: A protocol for a cluster randomized clinical trial
- Title Tesim:
- Evaluation of a village-based digital health kiosks program: A protocol for a cluster randomized clinical trial
- Creator:
- Sylvia, Sean, Cheng, Weibin, Tang, Weiming, Liang, Yizhi, Zhou, Qiru, Yip, Winnie, Du, Yumeng, Xue, Hao, Tian, Junzhang, Ma, Xiaochen, Zhang, Zhang, and Hoelzer, Samantha
- Date of publication:
- October 5, 2022
- Abstract Tesim:
- Background To address disparities in healthcare quality and access between rural and urban areas in China, reforms emphasize strengthening primary care and digital health utilization. Yet, evidence on digital health approaches in rural areas is lacking. Objective This study will evaluate the effectiveness of Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital's Digital Health Kiosk program, which uses the Dingbei telemedicine platform to connect rural clinicians to physicians in upper-level health facilities and provide access to artificial intelligence-enabled diagnostic support. We hypothesize that our interventions will increase healthcare utilization and patient satisfaction, decrease out-of-pocket costs, and improve health outcomes. Methods This cluster randomized control trial will enroll clinics according to a partial factorial design. Clinics will be randomized to either a control arm with clinician medical training, a second arm additionally receiving Dingbei telemedicine training, or a third arm with monetary incentives for patient visits conducted through Dingbei plus all prior interventions. Clinics in the second and third arm will then be orthogonally randomized to a social marketing arm that targets villager awareness of the kiosk program. We will use surveys and Dingbei administrative data to evaluate clinic utilization, revenue, and clinician competency, as well as patient satisfaction and expenses. Results We have received ethical approval from Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital (IRB approval number: GD2H-KY IRB-AF-SC.07-01.1), Peking University (IRB00001052-21007), and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (323385). Study enrollment began April 2022. Conclusions This study has the potential to inform future telemedicine approaches and assess telemedicine as a method to address disparities in healthcare access. Trial registration number: ChiCTR2100053872
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Gillings School of Global Public Health and UNC Project-China
- Copyright Date:
- 2022
- Deposit Record:
- ba25f9a4-103f-47db-b592-d1ae515f7146
- Type:
- http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/zzk5-5238
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076221129100
- ISSN:
- 2055-2076
- Journal Title:
- Digital Health
- Journal Volume:
- 8
- Keyword:
- primary care, telemedicine, protocol, digital health, village doctors, and village-based
- License Label:
- Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- , https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9845-6676, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6430-9440, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9344-6578, and https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5945-4109
- Other Affiliation:
- , Institute for the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China, Internet Hospital, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China, Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard University, Boston, USA, Stanford Center for China’s Economy and Institutions, Stanford University, Stanford, USA, and China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Person:
- Sylvia, Sean, Cheng, Weibin, Tang, Weiming, Liang, Yizhi, Zhou, Qiru, Yip, Winnie, Du, Yumeng, Xue, Hao, Tian, Junzhang, Ma, Xiaochen, Zhang, Zhang, and Hoelzer, Samantha
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications
- Rights Holder:
- SAGE Publications Ltd, unless otherwise noted. Manuscript content on this site is licensed under Creative Commons Licenses
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
188. Leiomyosarcoma of the Mesentery
- Title Tesim:
- Leiomyosarcoma of the Mesentery
- Creator:
- Arhin, Martin A. and DeMatos, Pierre
- Date of publication:
- September 2022
- Abstract Tesim:
- The mesentery is a common site of metastasis from gastrointestinal, pancreatic, and biliary cancers. Primary mesenteric cancers are rare and usually mesenchymal and benign. Mesenteric leiomyosarcoma is a rare, malignant smooth muscle sarcoma with an incidence of 1:350000. It usually arises from the vasculature of the mesentery. The ileum of the small bowel is the most common site of origin. Due to its low incidence, preoperative diagnosis is difficult. This is a report of a 71-year-old woman who presented with several months of a lower abdominal mass and recent onset of associated abdominal discomfort. An earlier colonoscopy 8 months previously was unremarkable. A recent abdominal and pelvic computed tomography scan revealed a necrotic mass in the central mesentery. She underwent surgical resection of the mass to include the overlying segment of the small intestine and had an uneventful convalescence. Mesenteric leiomyosarcoma is a rare tumor that is diagnosed based on histological examination with immunohistochemistry. As a result, there is minimal information on its clinical presentation, pathology, and treatment.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- School of Medicine
- Copyright Date:
- 2022
- Deposit Record:
- ba25f9a4-103f-47db-b592-d1ae515f7146
- Type:
- http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/b1bv-yt04
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.1177/00031348221087921
- ISSN:
- 0003-1348 and 1555-9823
- Journal Issue:
- 9
- Journal Title:
- The American Surgeon
- Journal Volume:
- 88
- Keyword:
- surgical oncology, general surgery, colorectal, sarcoma, and gastrointestinal
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- and Department of Surgery, Advent Health Hendersonville, Hendersonville, NC, USA
- Page End:
- 2211
- Page Start:
- 2210
- Person:
- Arhin, Martin A. and DeMatos, Pierre
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications
- Rights Holder:
- Southeastern Surgical Congress
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
189. Saints Cosmas and Damian and the Traditions of Faith and Charity in Medicine
- Title Tesim:
- Saints Cosmas and Damian and the Traditions of Faith and Charity in Medicine
- Creator:
- Nakayama, Don K.
- Date of publication:
- December 2022
- Abstract Tesim:
- Sts. Cosmas and Damian, the twin patron saints of medicine, were once among the most recognized saints in Christendom. In today’s secularized society their prominence is much less known. The saints were beheaded during the violent persecutions of Christians in the Roman Empire in the end of the 3rd century and the first years of the fourth. Their story, however, is more than miracles and martyrdom. The history of Sts. Cosmas and Damian show the connection between medicine of Classical Greece and the worship of doctor-saints in early Christendom, and the tradition of charity to the poor in medical care.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- School of Medicine
- Copyright Date:
- 2022
- Deposit Record:
- ba25f9a4-103f-47db-b592-d1ae515f7146
- Type:
- http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/scnh-4f20
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.1177/00031348221074244
- ISSN:
- 0003-1348 and 1555-9823
- Journal Issue:
- 12
- Journal Title:
- The American Surgeon
- Journal Volume:
- 88
- Keyword:
- Cosmas and Damian, Imperial Rome, history, and Classical Greece
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- Page End:
- 2783
- Page Start:
- 2781
- Person:
- Nakayama, Don K.
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications
- Rights Holder:
- Southeastern Surgical Congress
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
190. America’s Original Immunization Controversy: The Tercentenary of the Boston Smallpox Epidemic of 1721
- Title Tesim:
- America’s Original Immunization Controversy: The Tercentenary of the Boston Smallpox Epidemic of 1721
- Creator:
- Nakayama, Don K.
- Date of publication:
- October 2022
- Abstract Tesim:
- The CoVID-19 pandemic marks the 300th anniversary of the Boston smallpox epidemic of 1721, America’s first immunization controversy. Puritan minister Cotton Mather learned of inoculation for smallpox from Onesimus, a man enslaved to him. When the disease broke out in May 1721, Mather urged Boston’s physicians to inoculate all those vulnerable to the disease. Zabdiel Boylston, alone among his colleagues, decided to proceed with the procedure, igniting a heated debate that occasionally grew violent. The division between the advocates and detractors of inoculation were as deep as religion and politics. Puritan ministers supported inoculation, asserting their right to control the lives of their flock. Challenging them were a secular class of medical professionals that proclaimed primacy in medical matters. The controversy was inflamed by a nascent newspaper industry eager to profit from the fear of contagion and the passionate debate. Despite the furor and physical risk to himself and his family Boylston inoculated 282 persons, of whom only 6 died (2.1%). Of the 5759 townspeople who contracted smallpox during the epidemic, there were 844 deaths (14.7%). In America’s first effort at preventive medicine Boylston established the efficacy of inoculation, which helped support its acceptance in England, and later in the century, the adoption of Edward Jenner’s technique of vaccination in 1796.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Surgery
- Copyright Date:
- 2022
- Deposit Record:
- ba25f9a4-103f-47db-b592-d1ae515f7146
- Type:
- http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/3xmq-wj26
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.1177/00031348221074228
- ISSN:
- 0003-1348 and 1555-9823
- Journal Issue:
- 10
- Journal Title:
- The American Surgeon
- Journal Volume:
- 88
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- Page End:
- 2428
- Page Start:
- 2425
- Person:
- Nakayama, Don K.
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications
- Rights Holder:
- Southeastern Surgical Congress
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
Collection Details
- Total items
-
422
- Size
-
unknown
- Date created
-
February 2, 2022