SAGE Articles
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Gold open access articles authored by UNC researchers and published by SAGE.
Works (421)
371. High-altitude rodents have abundant collaterals that protect against tissue injury after cerebral, coronary and peripheral artery occlusion
- Title Tesim:
- High-altitude rodents have abundant collaterals that protect against tissue injury after cerebral, coronary and peripheral artery occlusion
- Creator:
- Faber, J.E., Zhang, H., Cheviron, Z.A., and Storz, J.F.
- Date of publication:
- 2021
- Abstract Tesim:
- Collateral number/density varies widely in brain and other tissues among strains of Mus musculus mice due to differences in genetic background. Recent studies have shown that prolonged exposure to reduced atmospheric oxygen induces additional collaterals to form, suggesting that natural selection may favor increased collaterals in populations native to high-altitude. High-altitude guinea pigs (Cavia) and deer mice (Peromyscus) were compared with lowland species of Peromyscus, Mus and Rattus (9 species/strains examined). Collateral density, diameter and other morphometrics were measured in brain where, importantly, collateral abundance reflects that in other tissues of the same individual. Guinea pigs and high-altitude deer mice had a greater density of pial collaterals than lowlanders. Consistent with this, guinea pigs and highlander mice evidenced complete and 80% protection against stroke, respectively. They also sustained significantly less ischemia in heart and lower extremities after arterial occlusion. Vessels of the circle of Willis, including the communicating collateral arteries, also exhibited unique features in the highland species. Our findings support the hypothesis that species native to high-altitude have undergone genetic selection for abundant collaterals, suggesting that besides providing protection in obstructive disease, collaterals serve a physiological function to optimize oxygen delivery to meet oxygen demand when oxygen is limiting.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- UNC McAllister Heart Institute and Department of Cell Biology and Physiology
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/3t0z-8e24
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271678X20942609
- ISSN:
- 0272-684X
- Journal Issue:
- 4
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
- Journal Volume:
- 41
- Keyword:
- stroke, Collateral circulation, coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, and high-altitude genetic adaptation
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
- Other Affiliation:
- University of Montana and University of Nebraska
- Page End:
- 744
- Page Start:
- 731
- Person:
- Faber, J.E., Zhang, H., Cheviron, Z.A., and Storz, J.F.
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications Inc.
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
- Source:
- missing_sage_articles_16
372. Built Environment and HIV Linkage to Care in Rural South Africa
- Title Tesim:
- Built Environment and HIV Linkage to Care in Rural South Africa
- Creator:
- Gómez-Olivé, F.X., Lippman, S.A., Shangase, N., Dufour, M.-S.K., Kahn, K., Kabudula, C.W., Pence, B., and Pettifor, A.
- Date of publication:
- 2021
- Abstract Tesim:
- Background: We assessed built environment (residential density, landuse mix and aesthetics) and HIV linkage to care (LTC) among 1,681 (18–49 years-old) residents of 15 Mpumalanga villages, South Africa. Methods: Multilevel models (linear-binomial) were used for the association between built environment, measured using NEWS for Africa, and LTC from a clinical database of 9 facilities (2015–2018). Additionally, we assessed effect-measure modification by universal test-and-treat policy (UTT). Results: We observed, a significant association in the adjusted 3-month probability of LTC for residential density (risk difference (RD)%: 5.6, 95%CI: 1.2–10.1), however, no association for land-use mix (RD%: 2.4, 95%CI: −0.4, 5.2) and aesthetics (RD%: −1.2, 95%CI: −4.5–2.2). Among those diagnosed after UTT, residents of high land-use villages were more likely to link-to-care than those of low land-use villages at 12 months (RD%: 4.6, 95%CI: 1.1–8.1, p < 0.04), however, not at 3 months (RD%: 3.0, 95%CI: −2.1–8.0, p > 0.10). Conclusion: Findings suggest, better built environment conditions (adequate infrastructure, proximity to services etc.) help facilitate LTC. Moreover, UTT appears to have a protective effect on LTC.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Epidemiology
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/bdar-wc66
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272684X211006590
- ISSN:
- 0272-684X
- Journal Title:
- International Quarterly of Community Health Education
- Keyword:
- HIV linkage to care, South Africa, Agincourt Health and Demographic Surveillance System, built environment, and universal test and treat
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- Other Affiliation:
- University of the Witwatersrand and University of California, San Francisco
- Person:
- Gómez-Olivé, F.X., Lippman, S.A., Shangase, N., Dufour, M.-S.K., Kahn, K., Kabudula, C.W., Pence, B., and Pettifor, A.
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications Inc.
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
- Source:
- missing_sage_articles_15
373. Does Participation in Food Benefit Programs Reduce the Risk for Depressive Symptoms?
- Title Tesim:
- Does Participation in Food Benefit Programs Reduce the Risk for Depressive Symptoms?
- Creator:
- Santos, Hudson P., Schwartz, Todd A., and Adynski, Harry
- Date of publication:
- 2021
- Abstract Tesim:
- BACKGROUND:Food insecurity affects 15 million households in the United States and is associated with negative physical and mental health outcomes including Major Depressive Disorder. Governmental public assistance or food benefit programs including the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) are social intervention services that attempt to minimize food insecurity for low-income households. There is little consensus regarding the effects of food benefit participation on reducing risk of depressive symptoms.OBJECTIVE:This study aims to explore the association between household food insecurity and food benefit participation (SNAP or WIC) on risk for depressive symptoms using nationally representative samples from the Center for Disease and Control and Prevention Nutritional Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014 and 2015-2016 cohorts. We hypothesize that food insecurity is associated with increased risk of depressive symptoms and food benefit participation with reduced risk.METHOD:Cross-sectional analyses were conducted using survey-weighted logistic regression to explore the relationship between food insecurity, food benefit participation, and the risk of depressive symptoms controlling for relevant income and sociodemographic variables.RESULTS:When controlling for sociodemographic variables, food benefit participation did not reduce the risk of depressive symptoms, while high levels of food insecurity were associated with elevated risk.CONCLUSIONS:High levels of food insecurity are associated with elevated risk of depressive symptoms. Nurses and public health professionals can address food security needs through increased knowledge of referral and eligibility requirements. Implications on clinical practice, policy, and future directions for research are discussed.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/yk4m-q039
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078390320983904
- ISSN:
- 1078-3903
- Journal Title:
- Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association
- Keyword:
- food security, depression, Healthy People 2020, and social determinants of health
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
- Page End:
- 13
- Page Start:
- 1
- Person:
- Santos, Hudson P., Schwartz, Todd A., and Adynski, Harry
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications Ltd
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
- Source:
- missing_sage_articles_14
374. The School Counselor STEM Advocacy Survey (SC-STEM-AS)
- Title Tesim:
- The School Counselor STEM Advocacy Survey (SC-STEM-AS)
- Creator:
- Foxx, Sejal Parikh, Olsen, Jacob, Kennedy, Stephen D., and Martinez, Robert R.
- Date of publication:
- 2021
- Abstract Tesim:
- We examined data from a national sample of 917 school counselors to determine the factor structure of the School Counselor STEM Advocacy Survey. An exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis supported use of the two-factor model. Survey scores demonstrated good internal consistency and convergent validity. We discuss differences between key demographics and school counselors.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/r7sc-jt44
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2156759X211023139
- ISSN:
- 1096-2409
- Journal Issue:
- 1
- Journal Title:
- Professional School Counseling
- Journal Volume:
- 25
- Keyword:
- access and equity, confirmatory factor analysis, advocacy, STEM, and school counselors
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- Other Affiliation:
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, California State University Long Beach, and Chi Sigma Iota Counseling Academic and Professional Honor Society International
- Person:
- Foxx, Sejal Parikh, Olsen, Jacob, Kennedy, Stephen D., and Martinez, Robert R.
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications Ltd
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
- Source:
- missing_sage_articles_13
375. Ms. Categorized: Gender, notability, and inequality on Wikipedia
- Title Tesim:
- Ms. Categorized: Gender, notability, and inequality on Wikipedia
- Creator:
- Tripodi, Francesca
- Date of publication:
- 2021
- Abstract Tesim:
- Gender is one of the most pervasive and insidious forms of inequality. For example, English-language Wikipedia contains more than 1.5 million biographies about notable writers, inventors, and academics, but less than 19% of these biographies are about women. To try and improve these statistics, activists host “edit-a-thons” to increase the visibility of notable women. While this strategy helps create several biographies previously inexistent, it fails to address a more inconspicuous form of gender exclusion. Drawing on ethnographic observations, interviews, and quantitative analysis of web-scraped metadata, this article demonstrates that biographies about women who meet Wikipedia’s criteria for inclusion are more frequently considered non-notable and nominated for deletion compared to men’s biographies. This disproportionate rate is another dimension of gender inequality previously unexplored by social scientists and provides broader insights into how women’s achievements are (under)valued.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/5zx6-hs09
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14614448211023772
- ISSN:
- 1461-4448
- Journal Title:
- New Media & Society
- Keyword:
- Articles for Deletion, metadata, Wikipedia, gender gap, and gender inequality
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- Page End:
- 21
- Page Start:
- 1
- Person:
- Tripodi, Francesca
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications Ltd
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
- Source:
- missing_sage_articles_12
376. Mainstream Media Recirculation of Trust-Reducing Social Media Messages
- Title Tesim:
- Mainstream Media Recirculation of Trust-Reducing Social Media Messages
- Creator:
- Curiel, J.A., Lovett, J., and Christensen, D.J.
- Date of publication:
- 2021
- Abstract Tesim:
- Citizens need to trust in the integrity of news reporting for the free press to fulfill its role as a democratic institution that enables citizens to hold representatives accountable. Growing research has shown that increased use of social media erodes trust in legacy news. However, trust-reducing social media messages are not contained to social media platforms; they are widely recirculated by the mainstream media. We argue that mainstream media corporations select social media messages to recirculate precisely because of their trust-reducing features in order to respond to short-term competitive market incentives. We turn to Donald Trump’s Twitter posts as examples of trust-reducing messages and show that the media cites more trust-reducing messages more quickly and more frequently than less trust-reducing messages. These findings implicate mainstream media corporations alongside social media platforms in the systematic and ongoing degradation of trust in legacy news reporting.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/fp9x-5k87
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532673X211023931
- ISSN:
- 1532-673X
- Journal Title:
- American Politics Research
- Keyword:
- trust, outrage, political communication, authoritarianism, democracy, and social media
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- Other Affiliation:
- Ohio Northern University and Wake Forest University
- Person:
- Curiel, J.A., Lovett, J., and Christensen, D.J.
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications Inc.
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
- Source:
- missing_sage_articles_11
377. Public Opinion and Death Penalty Policy Under Direct Democracy Institutions: A Longitudinal Analysis of the American States
- Title Tesim:
- Public Opinion and Death Penalty Policy Under Direct Democracy Institutions: A Longitudinal Analysis of the American States
- Creator:
- Caron, C.
- Date of publication:
- 2021
- Abstract Tesim:
- Capital punishment remains legal in most U.S. states even though only a small number of them regularly impose it. I attribute the persistence of death penalty statutes to the existence of direct democracy institutions in about half the states. Applying a longitudinal research design that leverages annual estimates of state death penalty opinion, I show that these institutions strengthen the connection between public opinion and capital punishment’s legality, indicating that they foster policy responsiveness. By extension, because citizens have generally favored capital punishment, I find that direct democracy states are more likely to have the death penalty. I also demonstrate that direct democracy increases the likelihood that policy will be congruent with majority opinion, especially in states where opinion leans strongly in one direction. The representation-enhancing effect of direct democracy, however, does not extend to the punishment’s application, as measured by states’ issuance of death sentences.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/q0qs-g548
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532673X20943560
- ISSN:
- 1532-673X
- Journal Issue:
- 1
- Journal Title:
- American Politics Research
- Journal Volume:
- 49
- Keyword:
- death penalty, public opinion, state politics, direct democracy, and policy representation
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
- Page End:
- 105
- Page Start:
- 91
- Person:
- Caron, C.
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications Inc.
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
- Source:
- missing_sage_articles_10
378. Phase I trial compensation: How much do healthy volunteers actually earn from clinical trial enrollment?
- Title Tesim:
- Phase I trial compensation: How much do healthy volunteers actually earn from clinical trial enrollment?
- Creator:
- McManus, Lisa, Walker, Rebecca L., Fisher, Jill A., and Kalbaugh, Julianne M.
- Date of publication:
- 2021
- Abstract Tesim:
- Background/aims Financial compensation for research participation is a major focus of ethical concern regarding human subject recruitment. Phase I trials are sometimes considered to be a lucrative source of income for healthy volunteers, encouraging some people to become "professional guinea pigs." Yet, little is known about how much these clinical trials actually pay and how much healthy volunteers earn from them. Methods As part of a mixed-methods, longitudinal study of healthy volunteers, we required participants to complete clinical trial diaries, or surveys that captured detailed information about screening and enrollment in Phase I trials. Over a 3-year period, participants provided information online or via telephone about each clinical trial for which they screened (e.g. the clinic name, the study's therapeutic area, the length of the trial, the number of nights spent in the clinic, and the study compensation), and whether they qualified for trial inclusion. Clinical trial diaries generated data about whether participants continued to screen for and enroll in clinical trials and how much money they earned from their participation. Results 131 participants routinely completed clinical trial diaries or confirmed that they had not screened for any new clinical trials. Together, these participants screened for 1001 clinical trials at 73 research facilities during a 3-year period. Overall, the median clinical trial compensation was US$3070 (range=US$150-US$13,000). Participants seeking new healthy volunteer trials tended to screen for three studies per year, participate in one or two studies, and earn roughly US$4000 annually. Participants who were unemployed earned the most income from clinical trials compared to those with full-time or part-time jobs, and those individuals whom we label "occupational" participants because of their persistent pursuit of clinical trials earned more than people who screened occasionally. Notably, the median annual trial compensation was well below US$10,000 for all employment groups, and most occupational healthy volunteers also earned less than US$10,000 each year. The 10% of participants who earned the most had a median annual income of US$18,885 from clinical trials, and there was significant volatility in these individuals' earnings from year to year. Conclusion Despite the perception that Phase I enrollment can generate significant earnings, it was exceedingly rare for anyone in this study to make more than US$20,000 in a single year, and unusual to earn even between US$10,000 and US$20,000. From an ethics perspective, individual trials might appear to unduly induce enrollment by offering significant sums of money, but given our findings, the larger problem for low-income participants may be the unrealistic perception that clinical trials alone could be a way of earning a living.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/xcf5-aw79
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17407745211011069
- ISSN:
- 1740-7745
- Journal Issue:
- 4
- Journal Title:
- Clinical Trials
- Journal Volume:
- 18
- Keyword:
- research payment, ethics, healthy volunteers, financial incentive, study compensation, and Phase I trials
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- ORCID:
- Other Affiliation:
- and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Page End:
- 487
- Page Start:
- 477
- Person:
- McManus, Lisa, Walker, Rebecca L., Fisher, Jill A., and Kalbaugh, Julianne M.
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications Ltd
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
- Source:
- missing_sage_articles_9
379. Examining physical activity and quality of life in adults with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability
- Title Tesim:
- Examining physical activity and quality of life in adults with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability
- Creator:
- Hume, K., Savage, M.N., and Tomaszewski, B.
- Date of publication:
- 2021
- Abstract Tesim:
- Adults with autism and co-occurring intellectual disability engage in low levels of physical activity and are at increased risk of developing secondary health conditions attributed to physical inactivity compared to adults in the general population. Few studies have examined the use of objective measures to characterize physical activity levels for adults with autism and intellectual disability. The current study aimed to examine the relationship between physical activity, using an activity tracker, and quality of life in adults with autism and intellectual disability. In the current study, 38 adults with autism and intellectual disability, ages 18–55, wore a Fitbit Flex 2® activity tracker for 1 week, and completed the Quality of Life Questionnaire. The relationship between average daily step count quality of life was examined. Most adults in the sample were overweight and taking fewer daily steps than recommended guidelines. Increased average daily step count was significantly associated with quality of life.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- School of Education and Department of Psychiatry
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/5048-jm73
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17446295211033467
- ISSN:
- 1744-6295
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities
- Keyword:
- adults, intellectual disability, quality of life, physical activity, and autism
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- Other Affiliation:
- University of North Texas
- Person:
- Hume, K., Savage, M.N., and Tomaszewski, B.
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications Inc.
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
- Source:
- missing_sage_articles_8
380. Couple communication and contraception use in urban Senegal
- Title Tesim:
- Couple communication and contraception use in urban Senegal
- Creator:
- Speizer, Ilene S., Fried, Bruce J., Grabert, Brigid K, Frerichs, Leah, Corneli, Amy, and Domino, Marisa Elena
- Date of publication:
- 2021
- Abstract Tesim:
- Objectives: Couple communication about family planning has been shown to increase uptake of contraception. However, couple communication is often measured based solely on one partner?s report of communication. This research investigates the influence of couple-reported communication about family planning on current and future use of contraception using couple-level data. Methods: We used baseline data from the Measurement, Learning, and Evaluation (MLE) project collected through household surveys in 2011 from a cross-sectional representative sample of women and men in urban Senegal to conduct secondary data analysis. We used multivariable logit models to estimate the average marginal effects of couple communication about family planning on current contraception use and future intention to use contraception. Results: Couple communication about family planning reported by both partners was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of current use of contraception and with future intention to use contraception among non-contracepting couples. Couples where one partner reported discussing family planning had a 25% point greater likelihood of current contraception use than couples where neither partner reported discussing, while couples where both partners reported discussing family planning had a 56% point greater likelihood of current contraception use, representing more than twice the effect size. Among couples not using contraception, couples where one partner reported discussing family planning had a 15% point greater likelihood of future intention to use contraception than couples where neither partner reported discussing, while couples where both partners reported discussing family planning had a 38% point greater likelihood of future intention to use contraception. Conclusion: These findings underscore the importance of the inclusion of both partners in family planning programs to increase communication about contraception and highlight the need for future research using couple-level data, measures, and analysis.
- Resource type:
- Article
- Affiliation Label Tesim:
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Department of Health Policy and Management, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.17615/vmv7-jq76
- Edition:
- Publisher
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20503121211023378
- ISSN:
- 2050-3121
- Journal Title:
- SAGE Open Medicine
- Journal Volume:
- 9
- Keyword:
- Senegal, women’s health, polygyny, Couple communication, epidemiology/public health, and contraception
- Language Label:
- English
- License Label:
- Attribution 4.0 International
- Other Affiliation:
- Duke University School of Medicine
- Page End:
- 11
- Page Start:
- 1
- Person:
- Speizer, Ilene S., Fried, Bruce J., Grabert, Brigid K, Frerichs, Leah, Corneli, Amy, and Domino, Marisa Elena
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications Ltd
- Rights Statement Label:
- In Copyright
- Source:
- missing_sage_articles_7
Collection Details
- Total items
-
421
- Size
-
unknown
- Date created
-
February 2, 2022