Global, regional, and national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

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  • Naghavi, Mohsen
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu
    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health; University of Queensland
  • Abbafati, Cristiana
    • Other Affiliation: La Sapienza University
  • Abbas, Kaja M.
    • Other Affiliation: Virginia Tech
  • Abd-Allah, Foad
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Neurology; Cairo University
  • Abera, Semaw Ferede
    • Other Affiliation: Food Security and Institute for Biological Chemistry and Nutrition; University of Hohenheim
  • Aboyans, Victor
    • Other Affiliation: Dupuytren University Hospital
  • Adetokunboh, Olatunji
    • Other Affiliation: Stellenbosch University
  • Ärnlöv, Johan
    • Other Affiliation: School of Health and Social Studies; Dalarna University
  • Afshin, Ashkan
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Agrawal, Anurag
    • Other Affiliation: CSIR; Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology
  • Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences Lund; Orthopedics; Clinical Epidemiology Unit; Lund University
  • Ahmadi, Alireza
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Neurobiology; Care Sciences and Society (NVS); Karolinska Institutet
  • Ahmed, Muktar Beshir
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Epidemiology; College of Health Sciences; Jimma University
  • Aichour, Amani Nidhal
    • Other Affiliation: University Ferhat Abbas of Setif
  • Aichour, Ibtihel
    • Other Affiliation: High National School of Veterinary Medicine
  • Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine
    • Other Affiliation: National Institute of Nursing Education
  • Aiyar, Sneha
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Al-Eyadhy, Ayman
    • Other Affiliation: King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center
  • Alahdab, Fares
    • Other Affiliation: Syrian American Medical Society
  • Al-Aly, Ziyad
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University in St Louis
  • Alam, Khurshid
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Alam, Noore
    • Other Affiliation: Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; University of Melbourne
  • Alam, Tahiya
    • Other Affiliation: University of Melbourne
  • Alene, Kefyalew Addis
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Global Health; Research School of Population Health; Australian National University
  • Ali, Syed Danish
    • Other Affiliation: Institute and Faculty of Actuaries
  • Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza
    • Other Affiliation: Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center; School of Medicine; Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
  • Alkaabi, Juma M.
    • Other Affiliation: College of Medicine and Health Sciences; United Arab Emirates University
  • Alkerwi, Ala'a
    • Other Affiliation: Luxembourg Institute of Health
  • Alla, François
    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health; University of Lorraine
  • Allebeck, Peter
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences; Karolinska Institutet
  • Allen, Christine
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Al-Raddadi, Rajaa
    • Other Affiliation: Joint Program of Family and Community Medicine
  • Alsharif, Ubai
    • Other Affiliation: Charité Universitätsmedizin
  • Altirkawi, Khalid A.
    • Other Affiliation: King Saud University
  • Alvis-Guzman, Nelson
    • Other Affiliation: Universidad de Cartagena; Cartagena de Indias
  • Amare, Azmeraw T.
    • Other Affiliation: College of Medicine and Health Sciences; Bahir Dar University
  • Amini, Erfan
    • Other Affiliation: Uro-Oncology Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
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    • Other Affiliation: Ministry of Public Health
  • Amoako, Yaw Ampem
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Medicine; Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital
  • Anber, Nahla
    • Other Affiliation: Faculty of Medicine; Mansoura University
  • Andersen, Hjalte H.
    • Other Affiliation: Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction; Department of Health Science and Technology; Faculty of Medicine; Aalborg University
  • Andrei, Catalina Liliana
    • Other Affiliation: Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy
  • Androudi, Sofa
    • Other Affiliation: University of Thessaly
  • Ansari, Hossein
    • Other Affiliation: Health Promotion Research Center; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; Zahedan University of Medical Sciences
  • Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Health Policy and Administration; College of Public Health; University of the Philippines Manila
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    • Other Affiliation: Self-employed
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: University of Manitoba
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    • Other Affiliation: University of Oslo
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Medical Emergency; School of Paramedic; Qom University of Medical Sciences
  • Asgedom, Solomon W.
    • Other Affiliation: College of Health; Mekelle University
  • Atey, Tesfay Mehari
    • Other Affiliation: College of Health; Mekelle University
  • Avila-Burgos, Leticia
    • Other Affiliation: National Institute of Public Health
  • Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur
    • Other Affiliation: Laboratoire d'Etudes et de Recherche-Action en Santé (LERAS Afrique)
  • Awasthi, Ashish
    • Other Affiliation: Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences
  • Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala
    • Other Affiliation: Judith Lumley Centre for Mother; Infant and Family Health Research; La Trobe University
  • Béjot, Yannick
    • Other Affiliation: University Hospital; Medical School of Dijon; University of Burgundy
  • Babalola, Tesleem Kayode
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Community Health and Primary Care; University of Lagos
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    • Other Affiliation: School of Health Sciences; University of Management and Technology
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Engineering; Sri Ramachandra University
  • Barac, Aleksandra
    • Other Affiliation: Faculty of Medicine (A Barac PhD); University of Belgrade
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    • Other Affiliation: Hospital Dr Rafael A Calderón Guardia; CCSS
  • Barker-Collo, Suzanne L.
    • Other Affiliation: School of Psychology; University of Auckland
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    • Other Affiliation: National Institute of Public Health
  • Barregard, Lars
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine; Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg
  • Barrero, Lope H.
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Industrial Engineering; School of Engineering; Pontifcia Universidad Javeriana
  • Baune, Bernhard T.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: College of Public Health and Tropical Medicine
  • Beghi, Ettore
    • Other Affiliation: IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri
  • Bekele, Bayu Begashaw
    • Other Affiliation: College of Medical and Health Sciences; University of Gondar
  • Bell, Michelle L.
    • Other Affiliation: Yale University
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Internal Medicine Department; University of São Paulo
  • Berhane, Adugnaw
    • Other Affiliation: College of Health Sciences; Debre Berhan University
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    • Other Affiliation: Division of Health and Social Care Research; King's College London
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Emergency Hospital of Bucharest
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology; Imperial College London
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    • Other Affiliation: Independent Public Health Consultants
  • Bienhof, Kelly
    • Other Affiliation: Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health; National University of Singapore
  • Bikbov, Boris
    • Other Affiliation: IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri
  • Bisanzio, Donal
    • Other Affiliation: Nufeld Department of Medicine; University of Oxford
  • Bourne, Rupert R.A.
    • Other Affiliation: Vision and Eye Research Unit; Anglia Ruskin University
  • Breitborde, Nicholas J.K.
    • Other Affiliation: Ohio State University
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    • Other Affiliation: College of Health and Medical Sciences; Haramaya University
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital
  • Cárdenas, Rosario
    • Other Affiliation: Metropolitan Autonomous University
  • Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero
    • Other Affiliation: National Institute of Public Health
  • Cameron, Ewan
    • Other Affiliation: Oxford Big Data Institute; Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery; University of Oxford
  • Campuzano, Julio Cesar
    • Other Affiliation: National Institute of Public Health
  • Car, Josip
    • Other Affiliation: Nanyang Technological University
  • Carrero, Juan Jesus
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics; Karolinska Institutet
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Casey, Daniel C.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A.
    • Other Affiliation: Colombian National Health Observatory; Instituto Nacional de Salud
  • Catalá-López, Ferrán
    • Other Affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology Program; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
  • Charlson, Fiona J.
    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health; University of Queensland
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Environmental Epidemiology; University of Occupational and Environmental Health
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    • Other Affiliation: University of Witwatersrand
  • Chitheer, Abdulaal A.
    • Other Affiliation: Ministry of Health
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: School of Medicine; University of Adelaide
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    • Other Affiliation: University of Salerno
  • Cohen, Aaron J.
    • Other Affiliation: Health Efects Institute
  • Colombara, Danny
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Cooper, Cyrus
    • Other Affiliation: NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre; University of Oxford
  • Cowie, Benjamin C.
    • Other Affiliation: Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity; University of Melbourne
  • Criqui, Michael H.
    • Other Affiliation: University of California; San Diego
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    • Other Affiliation: Centre for Control of Chronic Conditions; Public Health Foundation of India
  • Dandona, Rakhi
    • Other Affiliation: Centre for Control of Chronic Conditions; Public Health Foundation of India
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    • Other Affiliation: Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
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    • Other Affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario de la Princesa (IISP)
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    • Other Affiliation: Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy
  • Davletov, Kairat
    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health; Kazakh National Medical University
  • De Courten, Barbora
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Medicine; School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health; Monash University
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    • Other Affiliation: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre; University of New South Wales
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Nufeld Department of Medicine; University of Oxford
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Ding, Eric L.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health; Harvard University
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    • Other Affiliation: Undersecretary for Research and Technology; Ministry of Health and Medical Education
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: University of Tampere
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Sydney School of Public Health; University of Sydney
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    • Other Affiliation: International Institute for Population Sciences
  • Duncan, Bruce Bartholow
    • Affiliation: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
    • Other Affiliation: Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
  • Echko, Michelle
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Global Health and Social Medicine; Harvard Medical School
  • Ellingsen, Christian Lycke
    • Other Affiliation: Center for Disease Burden; Norwegian Institute of Public Health
  • Enayati, Ahmadali
    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health and Health Sciences Research Center
  • Erskine, Holly E.
    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health; University of Queensland
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    • Other Affiliation: MS Research Center
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    • Other Affiliation: Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
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    • Other Affiliation: Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics; Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Aberta
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    • Other Affiliation: Federal University of Sergipe
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    • Other Affiliation: Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center; Center for Air Pollution Research; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
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    • Other Affiliation: National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences; Auckland University of Technology
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Neurobiology; Care Sciences and Society (NVS); Karolinska Institutet
  • Fernandes, João C
    • Other Affiliation: CBQF - Center for Biotechnology and Fine Chemistry - Associate Laboratory; Faculty of Biotechnology; Catholic University of Portugal
  • Ferrari, Alize J.
    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health; University of Queensland
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    • Other Affiliation: Wollega University
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    • Other Affiliation: Kaiser Permanente
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health; Bielefeld University
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    • Other Affiliation: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute of Gerontology; Academy of Medical Science
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: University of Basel
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    • Other Affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Manhiça Health Research Center
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    • Other Affiliation: Task Force for Global Health
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    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health Sciences; Mekelle University
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Epidemiology; College of Health Sciences; Jimma University
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    • Other Affiliation: Ambo University
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    • Other Affiliation: Division of Human Nutrition; Wageningen University
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    • Other Affiliation: National School of Public Health
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    • Other Affiliation: Flinders University
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Zoology; University of Oxford
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    • Other Affiliation: Howard University
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    • Other Affiliation: College of Medicine; University of Hail
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    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health; Addis Ababa University
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    • Other Affiliation: University Hospital of Dijon
  • Giussani, Giorgia
    • Other Affiliation: IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri
  • Godwin, William W.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Gold, Audra L.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: University of Massachusetts Boston
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Health and Social Afairs; Government of the Federated States of Micronesia
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    • Other Affiliation: School of Dentistry; University of Queensland
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    • Other Affiliation: Center of Check of Hospital Sirio Libanes
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Healis - Sekhsaria Institute for Public Health
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    • Other Affiliation: Eternal Heart Care Centre and Research Institute
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    • Other Affiliation: Montefore Medical Center
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Anthropology; University of Delhi
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Public Health; Erasmus MC; University Medical Center Rotterdam
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    • Other Affiliation: Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
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    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health; Addis Ababa University
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    • Other Affiliation: Kilte Awlaelo Health and Demographic Surveillance System
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    • Other Affiliation: Arabian Gulf University
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    • Other Affiliation: College of Health and Medical Sciences; Haramaya University
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    • Other Affiliation: Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University
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    • Other Affiliation: Wayne County Department of Health and Human Services
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: University of Aberdeen
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    • Other Affiliation: School of Medicine and Pharmacology; University of Western Australia
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    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health; Sun Yat-sen University
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    • Other Affiliation: Ministry of Public Health
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    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health; Addis Ababa University
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Environmental Research; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Neurobiology; Care Sciences and Society (NVS); Karolinska Institutet
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology; School of Medicine; Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: National Institute of Public Health
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Statistics and Econometrics; Bucharest University of Economic Studies
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Epidemiology; Mailman School of Public Health; Columbia University
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    • Other Affiliation: Bureau of Child; Family and Community Wellness; Nevada Division of Public and Behavioral Health
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Pulmonology; Yokohama City University; Graduate School of Medicine
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    • Other Affiliation: Albert Einstein College of Medicine
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    • Other Affiliation: Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine
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    • Other Affiliation: Public Health Division; Pacifc Community
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: National Centre for Register-Based Research; Aarhus School of Business and Social Sciences; Aarhus University
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Statistics and Econometrics; Bucharest University of Economic Studies
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    • Other Affiliation: College of Health and Medical Sciences; Haramaya University
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health; University of Tartu
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Global and Community Health; George Mason University
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    • Other Affiliation: Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University
  • Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B.
    • Other Affiliation: Center for Health Trends and Forecasts; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Centre for Chronic Disease Control
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Zoology; University of Oxford
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    • Other Affiliation: Tufts University
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Faculty of Health and Life Sciences; Northumbria University
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    • Other Affiliation: University College Cork
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    • Other Affiliation: London School of Economics and Political Science
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Epidemiological and Statistical Methods Research Group; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research
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    • Other Affiliation: Hannover-Braunschweig Site; German Center for Infection Research
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    • Other Affiliation: University of Washington Tacoma
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    • Other Affiliation: Case Western University Hospitals
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    • Other Affiliation: Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine; Seattle Children's Hospital
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    • Other Affiliation: MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit; University of Glasgow
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    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health; University of Tokyo
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Community Medicine; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Tromsø; Arctic University of Norway
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Health Policy and Management; Seoul National University College of Medicine
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    • Other Affiliation: Institute of Health Policy and Management; Seoul National University Medical Center
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    • Other Affiliation: Department of Public Health; College of Medicine; Mohammed Ibn Saudi University
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    • Other Affiliation: Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center; Center for Air Pollution Research; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
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    • Other Affiliation: Neuroscience Research Center; Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
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    • Other Affiliation: Center for Health Trends and Forecasts; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
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    • Other Affiliation: Simmons College
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    • Other Affiliation: University of British Columbia
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  • Kyu, Hmwe H.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Lal, Dharmesh Kumar
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Lalloo, Ratilal
    • Other Affiliation: School of Dentistry; University of Queensland
  • Lambert, Tea Lallukka Nkurunziza
    • Other Affiliation: Ministry of Health and Against AIDS
  • Lan, Qing
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Lansingh, Van C.
    • Other Affiliation: Help Me See; Inc.
  • Larsson, Anders
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences; Uppsala University
  • Lee, Paul H.
    • Other Affiliation: Hong Kong Polytechnic University
  • Leigh, James
    • Other Affiliation: Sydney School of Public Health; University of Sydney
  • Leung, Janni
    • Other Affiliation: Center for Health Trends and Forecasts; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Levi, Miriam
    • Other Affiliation: Tuscany Regional Centre for Occupational Injuries and Diseases
  • Li, Yongmei
    • Other Affiliation: San Francisco VA Medical Center
  • Kappe, Darya Li
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Liang, Xiaofeng
    • Other Affiliation: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Provention
  • Liben, Misgan Legesse
    • Other Affiliation: Samara University
  • Lim, Stephen S.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Liu, Angela
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Liu, Patrick Y.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Liu, Yang
    • Other Affiliation: Emory University
  • Lodha, Rakesh
    • Other Affiliation: All India Institute of Medical Sciences
  • Logroscino, Giancarlo
    • Other Affiliation: University of Bari
  • Lorkowski, Stefan
    • Other Affiliation: Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig
  • Lotufo, Paulo A.
    • Other Affiliation: Internal Medicine Department; University of São Paulo
  • Lozano, Rafael
    • Other Affiliation: National Institute of Public Health
  • Lucas, Timothy C.D.
    • Other Affiliation: Oxford Big Data Institute; Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery; University of Oxford
  • Ma, Stefan
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King
    • Other Affiliation: Ateneo de Manila University
  • Maddison, Emilie R.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Abd El Razek, Mohammed Magdy
    • Other Affiliation: Aswan University Hospital; Aswan Faculty of Medicine
  • Majdan, Marek
    • Other Affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Work; Department of Public Health; Trnava University
  • Majdzadeh, Reza
    • Other Affiliation: National Institute of Health Research
  • Majeed, Azeem
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Care and Public Health; Imperial College London
  • Malekzadeh, Reza
    • Other Affiliation: Digestive Diseases Research Institute; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
  • Malhotra, Rajesh
    • Other Affiliation: All India Institute of Medical Sciences
  • Malta, Deborah Carvalho
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
  • Manguerra, Helena
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Manyazewal, Tsegahun
    • Other Affiliation: Ethiopian Public Health Association
  • Mapoma, Chabila C.
    • Other Affiliation: University of Zambia
  • Marczak, Laurie B.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Markos, Desalegn
    • Other Affiliation: Madda Walabu University
  • Martinez-Raga, Jose
    • Other Affiliation: CEU Cardinal Herrera University
  • Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio
    • Other Affiliation: Federal Institute of Education; Science and Technology of Ceará
  • Martopullo, Ira
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • McAlinden, Colm
    • Other Affiliation: University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust
  • McGaughey, Madeline
    • Other Affiliation: Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research; Park Centre for Mental Health
  • McGrath, John J.
    • Other Affiliation: Queensland Brain Institute; University of Queensland
  • Mehata, Suresh
    • Other Affiliation: Ipas Nepal
  • Meier, Toni
    • Other Affiliation: Martin Luther University
  • Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam
    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health Sciences; Mekelle University
  • Memiah, Peter
    • Other Affiliation: University of West Florida
  • Memish, Ziad A.
    • Other Affiliation: College of Medicine; Alfaisal University
  • Mengesha, Melkamu Merid
    • Other Affiliation: College of Health and Medical Sciences; Haramaya University
  • Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese
    • Other Affiliation: College of Health; Mekelle University
  • Menota, Bereket Gebremichael
    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health; Addis Ababa University
  • Mensah, George A.
    • Other Affiliation: Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science; National Heart; Lung; and Blood Institute; National Institutes of Health
  • Meretoja, Atte
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Nanjing University School of Medicine
  • Meretoja, Tuomo J.
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Medicine; University of Melbourne
  • Millear, Anoushka
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Miller, Ted R.
    • Other Affiliation: Pacifc Institute for Research and Evaluation
  • Minnig, Shawn
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Mirarefn, Mojde
    • Other Affiliation: Hunger Action Los Angeles
  • Mirrakhimov, Erkin M.
    • Other Affiliation: National Center of Cardiology and Internal Disease
  • Misganaw, Awoke
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Mishra, Shiva Raj
    • Other Affiliation: School of Dentistry; University of Queensland
  • Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin
    • Other Affiliation: University of Salahaddin
  • Mohammadi, Alireza
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Mohammed, Shafu
    • Other Affiliation: Health Systems and Policy Research Unit; Ahmadu Bello University
  • Mokdad, Ali H.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Mola, Glen Liddell D.
    • Other Affiliation: Reproductive Health and ObGyn; School of Medicine and Health Sciences; University of Papua New Guinea
  • Mollenkopf, Sarah K.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Molokhia, Mariam
    • Other Affiliation: Division of Health and Social Care Research; King's College London
  • Monasta, Lorenzo
    • Other Affiliation: University of Arizona
  • Hernandez, Julio C. Montañez
    • Other Affiliation: National Institute of Public Health
  • Montico, Marcella
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Maternal and Child Health; IRCCS Burlo Garofolo
  • Mooney, Meghan D.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar
    • Other Affiliation: Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center (GILDRC); School of Public Health; Iran University of Medical Sciences
  • Moraga, Paula
    • Other Affiliation: Lancaster Medical School; Lancaster University
  • Morawska, Lidia
    • Other Affiliation: International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health; Queensland University of Technology
  • Morrison, Shane D.
    • Other Affiliation: Center for Health Trends and Forecasts; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Morozof, Chloe
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Mountjoy-Venning, Clif
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Mruts, Kalayu Birhane
    • Other Affiliation: Public Health Department; College of Health; Debre Berhan University
  • Muller, Kate
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana
    • Other Affiliation: Indian Institute of Public Health; Public Health Foundation of India
  • Musa, Kamarul Imran
    • Other Affiliation: School of Medical Sciences; University of Science Malaysia
  • Nachega, Jean B.
    • Other Affiliation: Graduate School of Public Health; University of Pittsburgh
  • Naheed, Aliya
    • Other Affiliation: International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research; (Banglades)
  • Naldi, Luigi
    • Other Affiliation: Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII
  • Nangia, Vinay
    • Other Affiliation: Suraj Eye Institute
  • Nascimento, Bruno Ramos
    • Other Affiliation: Hospital Universitário Ciências Médicas
  • Nasher, Jamal T.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan
    • Other Affiliation: Madras Medical College
  • Negoi, Ionut
    • Other Affiliation: Emergency Hospital of Bucharest
  • Ngunjiri, Josephine Wanjiku
    • Other Affiliation: University of Nairobi
  • Nguyen, Cuong Tat
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Global Health Innovations; Duy Tan University
  • Nguyen, Grant
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Nguyen, Minh
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Nguyen, Quyen Le
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Global Health Innovations; Duy Tan University
  • Nguyen, Trang Huyen
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Global Health Innovations; Duy Tan University
  • Nichols, Emma
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini
    • Other Affiliation: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics; College of Medical Science and Technology; Taipei Medical University
  • Nong, Vuong Minh
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Noubiap, Jean Jacques N.
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Psychiatry; University of Cape Town
  • Ogbo, Felix Akpojene
    • Other Affiliation: Centre for Health Research; Western Sydney University
  • Oh, In-Hwan
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine; School of Medicine; Kyung Hee University
  • Okoro, Anselm
    • Other Affiliation: Society for Family Health
  • Olagunju, Andrew Toyin
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Community Health and Primary Care; University of Lagos
  • Olsen, Helen E.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola
    • Other Affiliation: Center for Healthy Start Initiative
  • Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun
    • Other Affiliation: Center for Healthy Start Initiative
  • Ong, Kanyin
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Opio, John Nelson
    • Other Affiliation: Lira District Local Government; Lira Municipal Council
  • Oren, Eyal
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Ortiz, Alberto
    • Other Affiliation: IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM
  • Osman, Majdi
    • Other Affiliation: YBank
  • Ota, Erika
    • Other Affiliation: St Luke's International University
  • Mahesh,
    • Other Affiliation: Institute of Health Policy and Management; Seoul National University Medical Center
  • Pacella, Rosana E.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation; Queensland University of Technology
  • Pakhale, Smita
    • Other Affiliation: Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
  • Pana, Adrian
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Statistics and Econometrics; Bucharest University of Economic Studies
  • Panda, Basant Kumar
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Jonas, Songhomitra
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology; Medical Faculty Mannheim; University of Heidelberg
  • Papachristou, Christina
    • Other Affiliation: Charité Universitätsmedizin
  • Park, Eun-Kee
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Medical Humanities and Social Medicine; College of Medicine; Kosin University
  • Patten, Scott B.
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences; University of Calgary
  • Patton, George C.
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Paediatrics; University of Melbourne
  • Paudel, Deepak
    • Other Affiliation: UK Department for International Development
  • Paulson, Katherine
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Pereira, David M.
    • Other Affiliation: Departamento de Química; Faculdade de Farmácia; UCIBIO at REQUIMTE; University of Porto
  • Perez-Ruiz, Fernando
    • Other Affiliation: Hopsital Universitario Cruces; OSI EE-Cruces
  • Perico, Norberto
    • Other Affiliation: IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri
  • Pervaiz, Aslam
    • Other Affiliation: Postgraduate Medical Institute
  • Petzold, Max
    • Other Affiliation: University of the Witwatersrand
  • Phillips, Michael Robert
    • Other Affiliation: Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
  • Pigott, David M.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Pinho, Christine
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Plass, Dietrich
    • Other Affiliation: Exposure Assessment and Environmental Health Indicators; German Environment Agency
  • Pletcher, Martin A.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Polinder, Suzanne
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Public Health; Erasmus MC; University Medical Center Rotterdam
  • Postma, Maarten J.
    • Other Affiliation: University Medical Center Groningen
  • Pourmalek, Farshad
    • Other Affiliation: University of British Columbia
  • Purcell, Caroline
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Qorbani, Mostafa
    • Other Affiliation: Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center; Alborz University of Medical Sciences
  • Radfar, Amir
    • Other Affiliation: A T Still University
  • Rafay, Anwar
    • Other Affiliation: Contech School of Public Health
  • Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa
    • Other Affiliation: Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
  • Rahman, Mahfuzar
    • Other Affiliation: Research and Evaluation Division; BRAC
  • Ur Rahman, Mohammad Hifz
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Rai, Rajesh Kumar
    • Other Affiliation: Society for Health and Demographic Surveillance
  • Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal
    • Other Affiliation: Health Science Foundation and Study Center
  • Rankin, Zane
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Rao, Puja C.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Rath, Goura Kishor
    • Other Affiliation: All India Institute of Medical Sciences
  • Rawaf, Salman
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Care and Public Health; Imperial College London
  • Ray, Sarah E.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Rehm, Jürgen
    • Other Affiliation: Dalla Lana School of Public Health; University of Toronto
  • Reiner, Robert C.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Reitsma, Marissa B.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Remuzzi, Giuseppe
    • Other Affiliation: Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale; Papa Giovanni XXIII
  • Rezaei, Satar
    • Other Affiliation: Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health; School of Public Health
  • Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology; School of Medicine; Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
  • Rokni, Mohammad Bagher
    • Other Affiliation: Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
  • Ronfani, Luca
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Maternal and Child Health; IRCCS Burlo Garofolo
  • Roshandel, Gholamreza
    • Other Affiliation: Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Golestan University of Medical Sciences
  • Roth, Gregory A.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Rothenbacher, Dietrich
    • Other Affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry; Ulm University
  • Ruhago, George Mugambage
    • Other Affiliation: Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences
  • Rizwan,
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Saadat, Soheil
    • Other Affiliation: Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
  • Sachdev, Perminder S.
    • Other Affiliation: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre; University of New South Wales
  • Sadat, Nafs
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Safdarian, Mahdi
    • Other Affiliation: Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
  • Saf, Sare
    • Other Affiliation: Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
  • Safiri, Saeid
    • Other Affiliation: Managerial Epidemiology Research Center; Department of Public Health; School of Nursing and Midwifery; Maragheh University of Medical Sciences
  • Sagar, Rajesh
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Sahathevan, Ramesh
    • Other Affiliation: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre
  • Salama, Joseph
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Salamati, Payman
    • Other Affiliation: Sydney School of Public Health; University of Sydney
  • Salomon, Joshua A.
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Global Health and Population; Harvard University
  • Samy, Abdallah M.
    • Other Affiliation: Ain Shams University
  • Sanabria, Juan Ramon
    • Other Affiliation: J Edwards School of Medicine; Marshall University
  • Sanchez-Niño, Maria Dolores
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Santomauro, Damian
    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health; University of Queensland
  • Santos, Itamar S.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Milicevic, Milena M. Santric
    • Other Affiliation: Institute of Social Medicine; Centre School of Public Health and Health Management; University of Belgrade
  • Sartorius, Benn
    • Other Affiliation: Public Health Medicine; School of Nursing and Public Health; University of KwaZulu-Natal
  • Satpathy, Maheswar
    • Other Affiliation: Centre of Advanced Study in Psychology; Utkal University
  • Shahraz, Saeid
    • Other Affiliation: Tufts Medical Center
  • Schmidt, Maria Inês
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Schneider, Ione J.C.
    • Other Affiliation: Federal University of Santa Catarina
  • Schulhofer-Wohl, Sam
    • Other Affiliation: Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
  • Schutte, Aletta E.
    • Other Affiliation: UKZN Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Centre; South Africann Medical Research Council
  • Schwebel, David C.
    • Other Affiliation: University of Alabama at Birmingham
  • Schwendicke, Falk
    • Other Affiliation: Charité Berlin
  • Sepanlou, Sadaf G.
    • Other Affiliation: Digestive Diseases Research Institute; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
  • Servan-Mori, Edson E.
    • Other Affiliation: National Institute of Public Health
  • Shackelford, Katya Anne
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Shaikh, Masood Ali
    • Other Affiliation: Independent Consultant
  • Shamsipour, Mansour
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Environmental Research; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
  • Shamsizadeh, Morteza
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Medical Surgical Nursing; School of Nursing and Midwifery; Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
  • Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Sharma, Jayendra
    • Other Affiliation: Ministry of Health
  • Sharma, Rajesh
    • Other Affiliation: Indian Institute of Technology Ropar
  • She, Jun
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Sheikhbahaei, Sara
    • Other Affiliation: Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
  • Shey, Muki
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Shi, Peilin
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Shields, Chloe
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Shigematsu, Mika
    • Other Affiliation: Sandia National Laboratories
  • Shiri, Rahman
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Shirude, Shreya
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Shiue, Ivy
    • Other Affiliation: Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre; University of Edinburgh
  • Shoman, Haitham
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Care and Public Health; Imperial College London
  • Shrime, Mark G.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora
    • Other Affiliation: Reykjavik University
  • Silpakit, Naris
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Silva, João Pedro
    • Other Affiliation: Toxicology Group; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Porto
  • Singh, Abhishek
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Singh, Jasvinder A.
    • Other Affiliation: University of Alabama at Birmingham
  • Skiadaresi, Eirini
    • Other Affiliation: Bristol Eye Hospital
  • Sligar, Amber
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Smith, Alison
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Smith, David L.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Smith, Mari
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Sobaih, Badr H.A.
    • Other Affiliation: King Khalid University Hospital
  • Soneji, Samir
    • Other Affiliation: Dartmouth College
  • Sorensen, Reed J.D.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Soriano, Joan B.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
  • Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T.
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Community Medicine; International Medical University
  • Srinivasan, Vinay
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Stanaway, Jefrey D.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Stathopoulou, Vasiliki
    • Other Affiliation: Attikon University Hospital
  • Steel, Nicholas
    • Other Affiliation: University of East Anglia
  • Stein, Dan J.
    • Other Affiliation: South African Medical Research Council Unit; Anxiety and Stress Disorders
  • Steiner, Caitlyn
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Steinke, Sabine
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Dermatology; University Hospital Muenster
  • Stokes, Mark Andrew
    • Other Affiliation: Deakin University
  • Strong, Mark
    • Other Affiliation: School of Health and Related Research; University of Shefeld
  • Strub, Bryan
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Subart, Michelle
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Sufyan, Muawiyyah Babale
    • Other Affiliation: Health Systems and Policy Research Unit; Ahmadu Bello University
  • Sunguya, Bruno F.
    • Other Affiliation: Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences
  • Sur, Patrick J.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Swaminathan, Soumya
    • Other Affiliation: Indian Council of Medical Research
  • Sykes, Bryan L.
    • Other Affiliation: Departments of Criminology; Law and Society; Sociology; and Public Health; University of California; Irvine
  • Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Medicine; University of Valencia; INCLIVA Health Research Institute and CIBERSAM
  • Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar
    • Other Affiliation: Grifth University
  • Takahashi, Ken
    • Other Affiliation: Asbestos Diseases Research Institute; Concord Clinical School; University of Sydney
  • Takala, Jukka S.
    • Other Affiliation: Tampere University of Technology
  • Talongwa, Roberto Tchio
    • Other Affiliation: Ministry of Health; MINSANTE
  • Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul
    • Other Affiliation: Ministry of Health
  • Tavakkoli, Mohammad
    • Other Affiliation: ISHIK University
  • Taveira, Nuno
    • Other Affiliation: Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas Moniz
  • Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw
    • Other Affiliation: Debre Markos University
  • Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Community Medicine; Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center
  • Temsah, Mohamad-Hani
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology; University of Virginia
  • Thakur,
    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health; Institute of Medical Education and Research
  • Thamsuwan, Ornwipa
    • Other Affiliation: Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology
  • Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology; School of Medicine; Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
  • Thomas, Katie E.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Thompson, Alex H.
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Thomson, Alan J.
    • Other Affiliation: Adaptive Knowledge Management
  • Thrift, Amanda G.
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Medicine; School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health; Monash University
  • Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan
    • Other Affiliation: Institute of Public Health; Faculty of Health Sciences; Jagiellonian University Medical College
  • Topor-Madry, Roman
    • Other Affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences; Wroclaw Medical University
  • Torre, Anna
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Tortajada, Miguel
    • Other Affiliation: University of Tennessee Health Science Center
  • Towbin, Jefrey Allen
    • Other Affiliation: Johns Hopkins University
  • Tran, Bach Xuan
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Troeger, Christopher
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Truelsen, Thomas
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Neurology; Rigshospitalet; University of Copenhagen
  • Tsoi, Derrick
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Tuzcu, Emin Murat
    • Other Affiliation: Outcomes Research Consortium; Cleveland Clinic
  • Tyrovolas, Stefanos
    • Other Affiliation: Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu; Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Universitat de Barcelona; CIBERSAM
  • Ukwaja, Kingsley N.
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine; Federal Teaching Hospital
  • Undurraga, Eduardo A.
    • Other Affiliation: CEU Cardinal Herrera University
  • Updike, Rachel
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Uthman, Olalekan A.
    • Other Affiliation: Warwick Medical School; University of Warwick
  • Uzochukwu, Benjamin S. Chudi
    • Other Affiliation: School of Government; Pontifcia Universidad Catolica de Chile
  • Van Boven, Job F.M.
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Psychiatry; University Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen
  • Vasankari, Tommi
    • Other Affiliation: UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research
  • Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy
    • Other Affiliation: Rafes Neuroscience Centre; Rafes Hospital
  • Violante, Francesco S.
    • Other Affiliation: University of Bologna
  • Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich
    • Other Affiliation: National Research University; Higher School of Economics
  • Vollset, Stein Emil
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Psychiatry; University of Cape Town
  • Vos, Theo
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Wakayo, Tolassa
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Epidemiology; College of Health Sciences; Jimma University
  • Wallin, Mitchell T.
    • Other Affiliation: Neurology Department; Georgetown University
  • Wang, Yuan-Pang
    • Other Affiliation: University of São Paulo Medical School
  • Weiderpass, Elisabete
    • Other Affiliation: Genetic Epidemiology Group; Folkhälsan Research Center
  • Weintraub, Robert G.
    • Other Affiliation: Royal Children's Hospital
  • Weiss, Daniel J.
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Zoology; University of Oxford
  • Werdecker, Andrea
    • Other Affiliation: Competence Center Mortality-Follow-Up of the German National Cohort; Federal Institute for Population Research
  • Westerman, Ronny
    • Other Affiliation: German National Cohort Consortium
  • Whetter, Brian
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Whiteford, Harvey A.
    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health; University of Queensland
  • Wijeratne, Tissa
    • Other Affiliation: Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; University of Melbourne
  • Wiysonge, Charles Shey
    • Other Affiliation: Stellenbosch University
  • Woldeyes, Belete Getahun
    • Other Affiliation: Indian Institute of Public Health; Public Health Foundation of India
  • Wolfe, Charles D.A.
    • Other Affiliation: National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust; King's College London
  • Woodbrook, Rachel
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Workicho, Abdulhalik
    • Other Affiliation: Ghent University
  • Xavier, Denis
    • Other Affiliation: St John's Medical College and Research Institute
  • Xiao, Qingyang
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Xu, Gelin
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Yaghoubi, Mohsen
    • Other Affiliation: University of Saskatchewan
  • Yakob, Bereket
    • Other Affiliation: Discipline of Public Health Medicine; School of Nursing and Public Health; University of KwaZulu-Natal
  • Yano, Yuichiro
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine; Northwestern University
  • Yaseri, Mehdi
    • Other Affiliation: Ophthalmic Research Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
  • Yimam, Hassen Hamid
    • Other Affiliation: Mizan Tepi University
  • Yonemoto, Naohiro
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Biostatistics; School of Public Health; Kyoto University
  • Yoon, Seok-Jun
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine; College of Medicine; Korea University
  • Yotebieng, Marcel
    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health; University of Kinshasa
  • Younis, Mustafa Z.
    • Other Affiliation: Jackson State University
  • Zaidi, Zoubida
    • Other Affiliation: University Hospital of Setif
  • El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa
    • Other Affiliation: Faculty of Medicine; Mansoura University
  • Zegeye, Elias Asfaw
    • Other Affiliation: Ethiopian Public Health Institute
  • Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew
    • Other Affiliation: College of Health; Mekelle University
  • Zerfu, Taddese Alemu
    • Other Affiliation: College of Health Sciences; Dilla University
  • Zhang, Anthony Lin
    • Other Affiliation: School of Health and Biomedical Sciences; RMIT University
  • Zhang, Xueying
    • Other Affiliation: MD Anderson Cancer Center
  • Zipkin, Ben
    • Other Affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; University of Washington
  • Zodpey, Sanjay
    • Other Affiliation: Centre for Control of Chronic Conditions; Public Health Foundation of India
  • Lopez, Alan D.
    • Other Affiliation: Melbourne School of Population and Global Health; University of Melbourne
  • Murray, Christopher J.L.
    • Other Affiliation: Christian Medical College
Abstract
  • BACKGROUND: Monitoring levels and trends in premature mortality is crucial to understanding how societies can address prominent sources of early death. The Global Burden of Disease 2016 Study (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of cause-specific mortality for 264 causes in 195 locations from 1980 to 2016. This assessment includes evaluation of the expected epidemiological transition with changes in development and where local patterns deviate from these trends. METHODS: We estimated cause-specific deaths and years of life lost (YLLs) by age, sex, geography, and year. YLLs were calculated from the sum of each death multiplied by the standard life expectancy at each age. We used the GBD cause of death database composed of: vital registration (VR) data corrected for under-registration and garbage coding; national and subnational verbal autopsy (VA) studies corrected for garbage coding; and other sources including surveys and surveillance systems for specific causes such as maternal mortality. To facilitate assessment of quality, we reported on the fraction of deaths assigned to GBD Level 1 or Level 2 causes that cannot be underlying causes of death (major garbage codes) by location and year. Based on completeness, garbage coding, cause list detail, and time periods covered, we provided an overall data quality rating for each location with scores ranging from 0 stars (worst) to 5 stars (best). We used robust statistical methods including the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) to generate estimates for each location, year, age, and sex. We assessed observed and expected levels and trends of cause-specific deaths in relation to the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a summary indicator derived from measures of average income per capita, educational attainment, and total fertility, with locations grouped into quintiles by SDI. Relative to GBD 2015, we expanded the GBD cause hierarchy by 18 causes of death for GBD 2016. FINDINGS: The quality of available data varied by location. Data quality in 25 countries rated in the highest category (5 stars), while 48, 30, 21, and 44 countries were rated at each of the succeeding data quality levels. Vital registration or verbal autopsy data were not available in 27 countries, resulting in the assignment of a zero value for data quality. Deaths from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represented 72·3% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 71·2-73·2) of deaths in 2016 with 19·3% (18·5-20·4) of deaths in that year occurring from communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional (CMNN) diseases and a further 8·43% (8·00-8·67) from injuries. Although age-standardised rates of death from NCDs decreased globally between 2006 and 2016, total numbers of these deaths increased; both numbers and age-standardised rates of death from CMNN causes decreased in the decade 2006-16-age-standardised rates of deaths from injuries decreased but total numbers varied little. In 2016, the three leading global causes of death in children under-5 were lower respiratory infections, neonatal preterm birth complications, and neonatal encephalopathy due to birth asphyxia and trauma, combined resulting in 1·80 million deaths (95% UI 1·59 million to 1·89 million). Between 1990 and 2016, a profound shift toward deaths at older ages occurred with a 178% (95% UI 176-181) increase in deaths in ages 90-94 years and a 210% (208-212) increase in deaths older than age 95 years. The ten leading causes by rates of age-standardised YLL significantly decreased from 2006 to 2016 (median annualised rate of change was a decrease of 2·89%); the median annualised rate of change for all other causes was lower (a decrease of 1·59%) during the same interval. Globally, the five leading causes of total YLLs in 2016 were cardiovascular diseases; diarrhoea, lower respiratory infections, and other common infectious diseases; neoplasms; neonatal disorders; and HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis. At a finer level of disaggregation within cause groupings, the ten leading causes of total YLLs in 2016 were ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, lower respiratory infections, diarrhoeal diseases, road injuries, malaria, neonatal preterm birth complications, HIV/AIDS, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and neonatal encephalopathy due to birth asphyxia and trauma. Ischaemic heart disease was the leading cause of total YLLs in 113 countries for men and 97 countries for women. Comparisons of observed levels of YLLs by countries, relative to the level of YLLs expected on the basis of SDI alone, highlighted distinct regional patterns including the greater than expected level of YLLs from malaria and from HIV/AIDS across sub-Saharan Africa; diabetes mellitus, especially in Oceania; interpersonal violence, notably within Latin America and the Caribbean; and cardiomyopathy and myocarditis, particularly in eastern and central Europe. The level of YLLs from ischaemic heart disease was less than expected in 117 of 195 locations
Date of publication
Keyword
DOI
Identifier
Resource type
  • Article
Rights statement
  • In Copyright
Journal title
  • The Lancet
Journal volume
  • 390
Journal issue
  • 10100
Language
  • English
ISSN
  • 1474-547X
  • 0140-6736
  • 0023-7507

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