A comprehensive SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 review, Part 2: host extracellular to systemic effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection

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  • Narayanan S.A.
    • Other Affiliation: Florida State University
  • Jamison D.A., Jr.
    • Other Affiliation: COVID-19 International Research Team
  • Guarnieri J.W.
    • Other Affiliation: The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
  • Zaksas V.
    • Other Affiliation: University of Chicago
  • Topper M.
    • Other Affiliation: The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions
  • Koutnik A.P.
    • Other Affiliation: Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition
  • Park J.
    • Other Affiliation: The Rockefeller University
  • Clark K.B.
    • Other Affiliation: University of Pennsylvania
  • Enguita F.J.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade de Lisboa
  • Leitão A.L.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade NOVA de Lisboa
  • Das S.
    • Other Affiliation: Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr Ram Mannohar Lohia Hospital
  • Moraes-Vieira P.M.
    • Other Affiliation: University of Campinas
  • Galeano D.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidad Nacional de Asunción
  • Mason C.E.
    • Other Affiliation: Weill Cornell Medicine
  • Trovão N.S.
    • Other Affiliation: National Institutes of Health
  • Schwartz R.E.
    • Other Affiliation: Weill Cornell Medicine
  • Schisler J.C.
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology
  • Coelho-dos-Reis J.G.A.
    • Other Affiliation: Federal University of Minas Gerais
  • Wurtele E.S.
    • Other Affiliation: Iowa State University
  • Beheshti A.
    • Other Affiliation: NASA Ames Research Center
Abstract
  • COVID-19, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, has caused significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The betacoronavirus continues to evolve with global health implications as we race to learn more to curb its transmission, evolution, and sequelae. The focus of this review, the second of a three-part series, is on the biological effects of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on post-acute disease in the context of tissue and organ adaptations and damage. We highlight the current knowledge and describe how virological, animal, and clinical studies have shed light on the mechanisms driving the varied clinical diagnoses and observations of COVID-19 patients. Moreover, we describe how investigations into SARS-CoV-2 effects have informed the understanding of viral pathogenesis and provide innovative pathways for future research on the mechanisms of viral diseases.
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Resource type
  • Article
License
  • Attribution 4.0 International
Journal title
  • European Journal of Human Genetics
Language
  • English
Version
  • Publisher
Funder
  • National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA, (80NSSC19K0426, 80NSSC19K1322, NNX16AO69A, T-0404)
  • Translational Research Institute of Space Health
  • Department of Defense and Swezey & Jewell
ISSN
  • 1018-4813
Publisher
  • Springer Nature

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