Delayed fracture healing and increased callus adiposity in a C57BL/6J Murine model of obesity-associated type 2 diabetes mellitus
Public Deposited- Creator
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Brown, M.L.
- Other Affiliation: University of Rochester Medical Center
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Yukata, K.
- Other Affiliation: University of Rochester Medical Center
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Farnsworth, C.W.
- Other Affiliation: University of Rochester Medical Center
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Chen, D.-G.
- Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Biostatistics
- Other Affiliation: University of Rochester Medical Center
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Awad, H.
- Other Affiliation: University of Rochester Medical Center
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Hilton, M.J.
- Other Affiliation: University of Rochester Medical Center
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O'Keefe, R.J.
- Other Affiliation: University of Rochester Medical Center
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Xing, L.
- Other Affiliation: University of Rochester Medical Center
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Mooney, R.A.
- Other Affiliation: University of Rochester Medical Center
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Zuscik, M.J.
- Other Affiliation: University of Rochester Medical Center
- Abstract
- Introduction: Impaired healing and non-union of skeletal fractures is a major public health problem, with morbidity exacerbated in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). DM is prevalent worldwide and affects approximately 25.8 million US adults, with >90% having obesity-related type 2 DM (T2DM). While fracture healing in type 1 DM (T1DM) has been studied using animal models, an investigation into delayed healing in an animal model of T2DM has not yet been performed. Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice at 5 weeks of age were placed on either a control lean diet or an experimental high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. A mid-diaphyseal open tibia fracture was induced at 17 weeks of age and a spinal needle was used for intra-medullary fixation. Mice were sacrificed at days 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, and 35 for micro-computed tomography (μCT), histology-based histomorphometry and molecular analyses, and biomechanical testing. Results: HFD-fed mice displayed increased body weight and impaired glucose tolerance, both characteristic of T2DM. Compared to control mice, HFD-fed mice with tibia fractures showed significantly (p<0.001) decreased woven bone at day 28 by histomorphometry and significantly (p<0.01) decreased callus bone volume at day 21 by μCT. Interestingly, fracture calluses contained markedly increased adiposity in HFD-fed mice at days 21, 28, and 35. HFD-fed mice also showed increased PPARγ immunohistochemical staining at day 14. Finally, calluses from HFD-fed mice at day 35 showed significantly (p<0.01) reduced torsional rigidity compared to controls. Discussion: Our murine model of T2DM demonstrated delayed fracture healing and weakened biomechanical properties, and was distinctly characterized by increased callus adiposity. This suggests altered mesenchymal stem cell fate determination with a shift to the adipocyte lineage at the expense of the osteoblast lineage. The up-regulation of PPARγ in fracture calluses of HFD-fed mice is likely involved in the proposed fate switching.
- Date of publication
- 2014
- Keyword
- DOI
- Identifier
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2013.04.002
- PMID 24911161
- Resource type
- Article
- Rights statement
- In Copyright
- License
- Attribution 4.0 International
- Journal title
- PLoS ONE
- Journal volume
- 9
- Journal issue
- 6
- Language
- English
- Version
- Publisher
- ISSN
- 1932-6203
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science
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