Editorial: Recent advances in our understanding of NEC pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment

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  • Good M.
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics
  • Khashu M.
    • Other Affiliation: University Hospitals Dorset
Abstract
  • Necrotizing enterocolitis is a leading cause of death among premature infants, and despite research spanning over six decades, the pathogenesis is still not completely understood. The onset of NEC can be rapid and unpredictable, with clinical signs such as abdominal distension and bloody stools, progressing to fulminant bowel necrosis and death within hours. Even though the clinical and pathological descriptions of NEC were first described many decades ago, the management options have not progressed significantly and continue to be supportive care, such as cessation of feedings, intravenous fluids, antibiotic administration, and, in some cases, surgical bowel resection. Although treatment options for NEC remain limited, one effective preventative strategy is the administration of human milk. Recent advances in identifying the precise nutrients in human milk shed light on its bioactive components and their impact on the intestine. In recent years, several studies have highlighted the benefit of using prebiotics and probiotics as additional preventative options for NEC. Clinical studies focused on diagnostic tools such as using serum biomarkers or big data and artificial intelligence may pave the way for earlier detection to minimize disease progression, avoid the negative impact on other organ systems, and improve the poor neurodevelopmental outcomes associated with NEC. The primary objectives for this topic were to focus on recent advances in our understanding of NEC pathogenesis, new diagnostic strategies such as biomarkers and artificial intelligence, and explore new therapeutic options for treating this devastating disease.
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  • Article
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  • In Copyright
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  • Attribution 4.0 International
Journal title
  • Frontiers in Pediatrics
Journal volume
  • 11
Language
  • English
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  • Publisher
ISSN
  • 2296-2360
Publisher
  • Frontiers Media SA

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