SARS-CoV-2 Testing and Positivity among Persons with and Without HIV in 6 US Cohorts

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  • Althoff, K.N.
    • Other Affiliation: Johns Hopkins University
  • Park, L.S.
    • Other Affiliation: Stanford University School of Medicine
  • McGinnis, K.A.
    • Other Affiliation: Va Connecticut Healthcare
  • Gordon, K.S.
    • Other Affiliation: Va Connecticut Healthcare
  • Justice, A.C.
    • Other Affiliation: Va Connecticut Healthcare
  • Leyden, W.
    • Other Affiliation: Kaiser Permanente Northern California
  • Silverberg, M.J.
    • Other Affiliation: Kaiser Permanente Northern California
  • Skarbinski, J.
    • Other Affiliation: Kaiser Permanente Northern California
  • Jefferson, C.
    • Other Affiliation: Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute
  • Horberg, M.
    • Other Affiliation: Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute
  • Certa, J.
    • Other Affiliation: Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute
  • Napravnik, S.
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology
  • Edwards, J.K.
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology
  • Westreich, D.
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology
  • Bastarache, L.
    • Other Affiliation: Vanderbilt University Medical Center
  • Gangireddy, S.
    • Other Affiliation: Vanderbilt University Medical Center
  • Benning, L.
    • Other Affiliation: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
  • D'Souza, G.
    • Other Affiliation: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
  • Williams, C.
    • Other Affiliation: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Abstract
  • Background:It is not definitively known if persons with HIV (PWH) are more likely to be SARS-CoV-2 tested or test positive than persons without HIV (PWoH). We describe SARS-CoV-2 testing and positivity in 6 large geographically and demographically diverse cohorts of PWH and PWoH in the United States.Setting:The Corona Infectious Virus Epidemiology Team comprises 5 clinical cohorts within a health system (Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA; Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic States, Rockville, MD; University of North Carolina Health, Chapel Hill, NC; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; and Veterans Aging Cohort Study) and 1 interval cohort (Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study/Women's Interagency HIV Study Combined Cohort Study).Methods:We calculated the proportion of patients SARS-CoV-2 tested and the test positivity proportion by HIV status from March 1 to December 31, 2020.Results:The cohorts ranged in size from 1675 to 31,304 PWH and 1430 to 3,742,604 PWoH. The proportion of PWH who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 (19.6%-40.5% across sites) was significantly higher than PWoH (14.8%-29.4%) in the clinical cohorts. However, among those tested, the proportion of patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 tests was comparable by HIV status; the difference in proportion of SARS-CoV-2 positivity ranged from 4.7% lower to 1.4% higher.Conclusions:Although PWH had higher testing proportions compared with PWoH, we did not find evidence of increased positivity in 6 large, diverse populations across the United States. Ongoing monitoring of testing, positivity, and COVID-19-related outcomes in PWH are needed, given availability, response, and durability of COVID-19 vaccines; emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants; and latest therapeutic options.
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DOI
Identifier
Resource type
  • Article
Journal title
  • Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Journal volume
  • 90
Journal issue
  • 3
Page start
  • 249
Page end
  • 255
Language
  • English
Funder
  • U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, VA
  • University of North Carolina, UNC: P30-AI050410, U01-AA020790, U24-AA020794, U24-AA022001, UL1-TR002489
  • Gilead Sciences
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIAID: U01-AI069918
ISSN
  • 1525-4135
Publisher
  • Lippincott Williams and Wilkins

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