Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for COVID-19-Associated Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in a 5-year-old

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  • Schwartz, Stephanie P.
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics
  • Walker, Tracie C.
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics
  • Kihlstrom, Margaret
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics
  • Isani, Mubina
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Surgery
  • Smith, Melissa M.
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics
  • Smith, Rebecca L.
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics
  • McLean, Sean E.
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Surgery
  • Clement, Katherine C.
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics
  • Phillips, Michael R.
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Surgery
Abstract
  • Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is associated with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) that ranges from mild symptoms to cardiopulmonary collapse. A 5-year-old girl presented with shock and a rapid decline in left ventricular function requiring intubation. SARS-CoV-2 was diagnosed by viral Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and she received remdesivir and COVID-19 convalescent plasma. Initial echocardiogram (ECHO) demonstrated low normal left ventricular function and mild left anterior descending coronary artery dilation. She remained hypotensive, despite high-dose epinephrine and norepinephrine infusions as well as stress-dose hydrocortisone. Admission SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay was positive, meeting the criteria for MIS-C. An ECHO 9 hours after admission demonstrated a severe decline in left ventricular function. Due to severe cardiogenic shock, she was cannulated for venoarterial extracorporeal support (ECMO). During her ECMO course, she was treated with remdesivir, intravenous methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, and anakinra. She was decannulated on ECMO day 7, extubated the following day, and discharged home 2 weeks later without respiratory or cardiac support. The use of ECMO for cardiopulmonary support for pediatric patients with MIS-C is feasible and should be considered early as part of the treatment algorithm for patients with severe cardiopulmonary dysfunction.
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Resource type
  • Article
Rights statement
  • In Copyright
Rights holder
  • Southeastern Surgical Congress
License
  • Attribution 4.0 International
Journal title
  • The American Surgeon
Journal volume
  • 88
Journal issue
  • 2
Page start
  • 174
Page end
  • 176
ISSN
  • 0003-1348
  • 1555-9823
Copyright date
  • 2020
Publisher
  • SAGE Publications

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