Citizenship status and career self-efficacy: An intersectional study of biomedical trainees in the United States

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  • Chatterjee D
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Psychology, Baruch College, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
  • Nogueira A.T
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology
  • Wefes I
    • Other Affiliation: Graduate Studies, Metropolitan State University, Denver, CO, United States
  • Chalkley R
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, School of Basic Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
  • Varvayanis S.S
    • Other Affiliation: Cornell University Graduate School, Ithaca, NY, United States
  • Fuhrmann C.N
    • Other Affiliation: RNA Therapeutics Institute, Biochemistry & Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
  • Varadarajan J
    • Other Affiliation: Biomedical Research Education and Training Office of Outcomes Research, The Office of Biomedical Research Education and Training, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
  • Jacob G.A
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
  • Gaines C.H
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology
  • Hubbard N.M
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology
  • Chaudhary S
    • Other Affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
  • Layton R.L
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology
Abstract
  • This study examines the intersectional role of citizenship and gender with career self-efficacy amongst 10,803 doctoral and postdoctoral trainees in US universities. These biomedical trainees completed surveys administered by 17 US institutions that participated in the National Institutes of Health Broadening Experiences in Scientific Training (NIH BEST) Programs. Findings indicate that career self-efficacy of non-citizen trainees is significantly lower than that of US citizen trainees. While lower career efficacy was observed in women compared with men, it was even lower for non-citizen female trainees. Results suggest that specific career interests may be related to career self-efficacy. Relative to US citizen trainees, both male and female non-citizen trainees showed higher interest in pursuing a career as an academic research investigator. In comparison with non-citizen female trainees and citizen trainees of all genders, non-citizen male trainees expressed the highest interest in research-intensive (and especially principal investigator) careers. The authors discuss potential causes for these results and offer recommendations for increasing trainee career self-efficacy which can be incorporated into graduate and postdoctoral training.
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  • Article
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  • In Copyright
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  • Attribution 4.0 International
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  • PLoS ONE
Journal volume
  • 19
Journal issue
  • 3-Mar
Language
  • English
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  • Publisher
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  • 1932-6203
Publisher
  • Public Library of Science

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