Protective efficacy of Ad26.COV2.S against SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 in macaques

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  • Yu, J.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Tostanoski, L.H.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Mercado, N.B.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • McMahan, K.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Liu, J.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Jacob-Dolan, C.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Chandrashekar, A.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Atyeo, C.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Martinez, D.R.
    • Affiliation: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
  • Anioke, T.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Bondzie, E.A.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Chang, A.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Gardner, S.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Giffin, V.M.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Hope, D.L.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Nampanya, F.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Nkolola, J.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Patel, S.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Sanborn, O.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Sellers, D.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Wan, H.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Hayes, T.
    • Other Affiliation: Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine
  • Bauer, K.
    • Other Affiliation: Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine
  • Pessaint, L.
    • Other Affiliation: Bioqual
  • Valentin, D.
    • Other Affiliation: Bioqual
  • Flinchbaugh, Z.
    • Other Affiliation: Bioqual
  • Brown, R.
    • Other Affiliation: Bioqual
  • Cook, A.
    • Other Affiliation: Bioqual
  • Bueno-Wilkerson, D.
    • Other Affiliation: Bioqual
  • Teow, E.
    • Other Affiliation: Bioqual
  • Andersen, H.
    • Other Affiliation: Bioqual
  • Lewis, M.G.
    • Other Affiliation: Bioqual
  • Martinot, A.J.
    • Other Affiliation: Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine
  • Baric, R.S.
    • Affiliation: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
  • Alter, G.
    • Other Affiliation: Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard
  • Wegmann, F.
    • Other Affiliation: Janssen Vaccines & Prevention
  • Zahn, R.
    • Other Affiliation: Janssen Vaccines & Prevention
  • Schuitemaker, H.
    • Other Affiliation: Janssen Vaccines & Prevention
  • Barouch, D.H.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
Abstract
  • The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants that partially evade neutralizing antibodies poses a threat to the efficacy of current COVID-19 vaccines1,2. The Ad26.COV2.S vaccine expresses a stabilized Spike protein from the WA1/2020 strain and has recently demonstrated protective efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19 in humans in multiple geographic regions, including in South Africa where 95% of sequenced viruses in COVID-19 cases were the B.1.351 variant3. Here we show that Ad26.COV2.S elicits humoral and cellular immune responses that cross-react with the B.1.351 variant and protects against B.1.351 challenge in rhesus macaques. Ad26.COV2.S induced lower binding and neutralizing antibodies against B.1.351 as compared with WA1/2020 but elicited CD8 and CD4 T cell responses that were comparable against WA1/2020, B.1.351, B.1.1.7, P.1, and CAL.20C variants. B.1.351 infection of sham control rhesus macaques resulted in higher levels of virus replication in bronchoalveolar lavage and nasal swabs than did WA1/2020 infection. Ad26.COV2.S provided robust protection against both WA1/2020 and B.1.351, although we observed higher levels of virus in vaccinated animals following B.1.351 challenge. These data demonstrate that Ad26.COV2.S provided robust protection against B.1.351 challenge in rhesus macaques. Our findings have important implications for vaccine control of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.
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  • Article
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  • In Copyright
Journal title
  • Nature
Language
  • English
Version
  • Postprint
ISSN
  • 0028-0836
Publisher
  • Nature Research

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