Tracing the Distribution of European Lactase Persistence Genotypes Along the Americas

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  • Guimarães Alves, A.C.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná
  • Sukow, N.M.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná
  • Adelman Cipolla, G.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná
  • Mendes, M.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
  • Leal, T.P.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
  • Petzl-Erler, M.L.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná
  • Lehtonen Rodrigues Souza, R.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná
  • Rainha de Souza, I.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina
  • Sanchez, C.
    • Other Affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Salud
  • Santolalla, M.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
  • Loesch, D.
    • Other Affiliation: University of Maryland School of Medicine
  • Dean, M.
    • Other Affiliation: National Institutes of Health
  • Machado, M.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
  • Moon, J.-Y.
    • Other Affiliation: Albert Einstein College of Medicine
  • Kaplan, R.
    • Other Affiliation: Albert Einstein College of Medicine
  • North, K.E.
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology
  • Weiss, S.
    • Other Affiliation: Harvard Medical School
  • Barreto, M.L.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal da Bahia
  • Lima-Costa, M.F.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
  • Guio, H.
    • Other Affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Salud
  • Cáceres, O.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidad Científica del Sur
  • Padilla, C.
    • Other Affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Salud
  • Tarazona-Santos, E.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
  • Mata, I.F.
    • Other Affiliation: University of Washington
  • Dieguez, E.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidad de la República
  • Raggio, V.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidad de la República
  • Lescano, A.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidad de la República
  • Tumas, V.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo
  • Borges, V.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo
  • Ferraz, H.B.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo
  • Rieder, C.R.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre
  • Schumacher-Schuh, A.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,
  • Santos-Lobato, B.L.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal do Pará
  • Chana-Cuevas, P.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidad de Santiago de Chile
  • Fernandez, W.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidad Nacional de Colombia
  • Arboleda, G.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidad Nacional de Colombia
  • Arboleda, H.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidad Nacional de Colombia
  • Arboleda-Bustos, C.E.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidad Nacional de Colombia
  • O’Connor, T.D.
    • Other Affiliation: University of Maryland, Baltimore
  • Beltrame, M.H.
    • Other Affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná
  • Borda, V.
    • Other Affiliation: University of Maryland School of Medicine
Abstract
  • In adulthood, the ability to digest lactose, the main sugar present in milk of mammals, is a phenotype (lactase persistence) observed in historically herder populations, mainly Northern Europeans, Eastern Africans, and Middle Eastern nomads. As the –13910∗T allele in the MCM6 gene is the most well-characterized allele responsible for the lactase persistence phenotype, the –13910C > T (rs4988235) polymorphism is commonly evaluated in lactase persistence studies. Lactase non-persistent adults may develop symptoms of lactose intolerance when consuming dairy products. In the Americas, there is no evidence of the consumption of these products until the arrival of Europeans. However, several American countries’ dietary guidelines recommend consuming dairy for adequate human nutrition and health promotion. Considering the extensive use of dairy and the complex ancestry of Pan-American admixed populations, we studied the distribution of –13910C > T lactase persistence genotypes and its flanking haplotypes of European origin in 7,428 individuals from several Pan-American admixed populations. We found that the –13910∗T allele frequency in Pan-American admixed populations is directly correlated with allele frequency of the European sources. Moreover, we did not observe any overrepresentation of European haplotypes in the –13910C > T flanking region, suggesting no selective pressure after admixture in the Americas. Finally, considering the dominant effect of the –13910∗T allele, our results indicate that Pan-American admixed populations are likely to have higher frequency of lactose intolerance, suggesting that general dietary guidelines deserve further evaluation across the continent.
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  • Article
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  • In Copyright
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  • Attribution 4.0 International
Journal title
  • Frontiers in Genetics
Journal volume
  • 12
Language
  • English
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  • Publisher
ISSN
  • 1664-8021
Publisher
  • Frontiers Media S.A.

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