Human coronaviruses and other respiratory infections in young adults on a university campus: Prevalence, symptoms, and shedding

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  • Davis, Brian M.
    • Other Affiliation: University of Michigan School of Public Health
  • Foxman, Betsy
    • Other Affiliation: University of Michigan School of Public Health
  • Monto, Arnold S.
    • Other Affiliation: University of Michigan School of Public Health
  • Baric, Ralph S.
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology
  • Martin, Emily T.
    • Other Affiliation: University of Michigan School of Public Health
  • Uzicanin, Amra
    • Other Affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Rainey, Jeanette J.
    • Other Affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Aiello, Allison E.
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology
Abstract
  • BACKGROUND: The prevalence, symptom course, and shedding in persons infected with the 4 most common human coronaviruses (HCoV)-229E, HKU1, NL63, and OC43 are poorly described. OBJECTIVES: We estimate their prevalence and associated symptoms among college students identified via a social network study design. PATIENTS/METHODS: We collected 1-3 samples (n = 250 specimens) from 176 participants between October 2012 and January 17, 2013: participants with acute respiratory infection (ARI; cough and body aches or chills or fever/feverishness) and their social contacts. Virus was detected using RT-PCR. RESULTS: 30.4% (76/250) of specimens tested positive for any virus tested, and 4.8% (12/250) were positive for 2 or more viruses. Human coronaviruses (HCoVs [22.0%; 55/250]), rhinovirus (7.6%; 19/250), and influenza A (6.4%; 16/250) were most prevalent. Symptoms changed significantly over time among ARI participants with HCoV: the prevalence of cough and chills decreased over 6 days (P = .04, and P = .01, respectively), while runny nose increased over the same period (P = .02). HCoV-NL63 was the most frequent virus detected 6 days following symptom onset (8.9%), followed by rhinovirus (6.7%). CONCLUSIONS: During a 3-month period covering a single season, HCoVs were common, even among social contacts without respiratory symptoms; specific symptoms may change over the course of HCoV-associated illness and were similar to symptoms from influenza and rhinovirus.
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Resource type
  • Article
Rights statement
  • In Copyright
Journal title
  • Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses
Journal volume
  • 12
Journal issue
  • 5
Page start
  • 582
Page end
  • 590
Language
  • English
ISSN
  • 1750-2640

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