Magnitude and Durability of the Antibody Response to mRNA-Based Vaccination Among SARS-CoV-2 Seronegative and Seropositive Health Care Personnel

Public Deposited
Analytics

Downloadable Content

Download PDF
Request Version for Screen Reader
Creator
  • Ciccone, Emily J
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases
  • Zhu, Deanna R
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology
  • Gunderson, Annika K
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology
  • Hawke, Sam
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Biostatistics
  • Ajeen, Rawan
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases
  • Lodge, Evans K
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology
  • Shook-Sa, Bonnie E
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Biostatistics
  • Abernathy, Haley
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases
  • Garrett, Haley E
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology
  • King, Elise
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases
  • Alavian, Naseem
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine
  • Reyes, Raquel
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine
  • Taylor, Jasmine L
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases
  • Beatty, Cherese
    • Other Affiliation: Columbia University
  • Chung, Christy
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases
  • Mendoza, Carmen E
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology
  • Weber, David J
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases
  • Markmann, Alena J
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases
  • Premkumar, Lakshmanane
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology
  • Juliano, Jonathan J
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases
  • Boyce, Ross M
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases
  • Aiello, Allison E
    • Other Affiliation: Columbia University
Abstract
  • Few studies have described changes in SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels in response to infection and vaccination at frequent intervals and over extended follow-up periods. The purpose of this study was to assess changes in SARS-CoV-2–specific antibody responses among a prospective cohort of health care personnel over 18 months with up to 22 samples per person. Antibody levels and live virus neutralization were measured before and after mRNA-based vaccination with results stratified by (1) SARS-CoV-2 infection status prior to initial vaccination and (2) SARS-CoV-2 infection at any point during follow-up. We found that the antibody response to the first dose was almost 2-fold higher in individuals who were seropositive prior to vaccination, although neutralization titers were more variable. The antibody response induced by vaccination appeared to wane over time but generally persisted for 8 to 9 months, and those who were infected at any point during the study had slightly higher antibody levels over time vs those who remained uninfected. These findings underscore the need to account for SARS-CoV-2 natural infection as a modifier of vaccine responses, and they highlight the importance of frequent testing of longitudinal antibody titers over time. Together, our results provide a clearer understanding of the trajectories of antibody response among vaccinated individuals with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Date of publication
Keyword
DOI
Identifier
Resource type
  • Article
Rights statement
  • In Copyright
License
  • Attribution 4.0 International
Journal title
  • Open Forum Infectious Diseases
Journal volume
  • 11
Journal issue
  • 1
Page start
  • ofae009
Language
  • English
Version
  • Publisher
ISSN
  • 2328-8957
Publisher
  • Oxford University Press

Relations

Parents:

This work has no parents.

In Collection:

Items

Thumbnail Title Date Uploaded Visibility Actions
file details ofae009.pdf 2024-02-01 Public Download