Invasive Fungal Diseases in Africa: A Critical Literature Review
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Bongomin, Felix, et al. Invasive Fungal Diseases In Africa: A Critical Literature Review. 2022. https://doi.org/10.17615/q0xd-sn46APA
Bongomin, F., Ekeng, B., Kibone, W., Nsenga, L., Olum, R., Itam Eyo, A., Kuate, M., Pebolo, F., Davies, A., Manga, M., Ocansey, B., Kwizera, R., & Baluku, J. (2022). Invasive Fungal Diseases in Africa: A Critical Literature Review. https://doi.org/10.17615/q0xd-sn46Chicago
Bongomin, Felix, Bassey E Ekeng, Winnie Kibone, Lauryn Nsenga, Ronald Olum, Asa Itam Eyo, Marius Paulin Ngouanom Kuate et al. 2022. Invasive Fungal Diseases In Africa: A Critical Literature Review. https://doi.org/10.17615/q0xd-sn46- Creator
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Bongomin, Felix
- Other Affiliation: Gulu University
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Ekeng, Bassey E.
- Other Affiliation: University of Calabar Teaching Hospital
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Kibone, Winnie
- Other Affiliation: Makerere University
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Nsenga, Lauryn
- Other Affiliation: Kabale University
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Olum, Ronald
- Other Affiliation: St. Francis's Hospital Nsambya
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Itam-Eyo, Asa
- Other Affiliation: University of Calabar Teaching Hospital
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Kuate, Marius Paulin Ngouanom
- Other Affiliation: University of Buea
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Pebolo, Francis Pebalo
- Other Affiliation: Gulu University
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Davies, Adeyinka A.
- Other Affiliation: Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital
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Manga, Musa
- Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering
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Ocansey, Bright
- Other Affiliation: University of Manchester
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Kwizera, Richard
- Other Affiliation: Makerere University
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Baluku, Joseph Baruch
- Other Affiliation: Kiruddu National Referral Hospital
- Abstract
- Invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) are of huge concern in resource-limited settings, particularly in Africa, due to the unavailability of diagnostic armamentarium for IFDs, thus making definitive diagnosis challenging. IFDs have non-specific systemic manifestations overlapping with more frequent illnesses, such as tuberculosis, HIV, and HIV-related opportunistic infections and malignancies. Consequently, IFDs are often undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. We critically reviewed the available literature on IFDs in Africa to provide a better understanding of their epidemiology, disease burden to guide future research and interventions. Cryptococcosis is the most encountered IFD in Africa, accounting for most of the HIV-related deaths in sub-Saharan Africa. Invasive aspergillosis, though somewhat underdiagnosed and/or misdiagnosed as tuberculosis, is increasingly being reported with a similar predilection towards people living with HIV. More cases of histoplasmosis are also being reported with recent epidemiological studies, particularly from Western Africa, showing high prevalence rates amongst presumptive tuberculosis patients and patients living with HIV. The burden of pneumocystis pneumonia has reduced significantly probably due to increased uptake of anti-retroviral therapy among people living with HIV both in Africa, and globally. Mucormycosis, talaromycosis, emergomycosis, blastomycosis, and coccidiomycosis have also been reported but with very few studies from the literature. The emergence of resistance to most of the available antifungal drugs in Africa is yet of huge concern as reported in other regions. IFDs in Africa is much more common than it appears and contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality. Huge investment is needed to drive awareness and fungi related research especially in diagnostics and antifungal therapy.
- Date of publication
- 2022
- Keyword
- DOI
- Identifier
- Resource type
- Article
- License
- Attribution 4.0 International
- Journal title
- Journal of Fungi
- Journal volume
- 8
- Journal issue
- 12
- Page start
- 1236
- Language
- English
- Version
- Publisher
- ISSN
- 2309-608X
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