Evaluation of Cough Medication Use Patterns in Ambulatory Care Settings in the United States: 2003–2018

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  • Yang, Seonkyeong
    • Other Affiliation: University of Florida
  • Hincapie-Castillo, Juan M.
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology
  • Ke, Xuehua
    • Other Affiliation: Merck & Co
  • Schelfhout, Jonathan
    • Other Affiliation: Merck & Co
  • Ding, Helen
    • Other Affiliation: Merck & Co
  • Sher, Mandel R.
    • Other Affiliation: Center for Cough
  • Zhou, Lili
    • Other Affiliation: BeiGene USA
  • Chang, Ching-Yuan
    • Other Affiliation: University of Florida
  • Wilson, Debbie L.
    • Other Affiliation: University of Florida
  • Lo-Ciganic, Wei-Hsuan
    • Other Affiliation: University of Florida
Abstract
  • Using 2003–2018 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey data for office-based visits and 2003–2018 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey data for emergency department (ED) visits, we conducted cross-sectional analyses to examine cough medication (CM) use trends in the United States (US) ambulatory care settings. We included adult (≥18 years) patient visits with respiratory-infection-related or non-infection-related cough as reason-for-visit or diagnosis without malignant cancer or benign respiratory tumor diagnoses. Using multivariable logistic regressions, we examined opioid antitussive, benzonatate, dextromethorphan-containing antitussive, and gabapentinoid use trends. From 2003–2005 to 2015–2018, opioid antitussive use decreased in office-based visits (8.8% to 6.4%, Ptrend = 0.03) but remained stable in ED visits (6.3% to 5.9%, Ptrend = 0.99). In both settings, hydrocodone-containing antitussive use declined over 50%. Benzonatate use more than tripled (office-based:1.6% to 4.8%; ED:1.5% to 8.0%; both Ptrend < 0.001). Dextromethorphan-containing antitussive use increased in ED visits (1.8% to 2.6%, Ptrend = 0.003) but stayed unchanged in office-based visits (3.8% to 2.7%; Ptrend = 0.60). Gabapentinoid use doubled in office-based visits (1.1% in 2006–2008 to 2.4% in 2015–2018, Ptrend < 0.001) but was negligible in ED visits. In US office-based and ED ambulatory care settings, hydrocodone-containing antitussive use substantially declined from 2003 to 2018, while benzonatate use more than tripled, and dextromethorphan-containing antitussive and gabapentinoid use remained low (<3%).
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  • Article
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  • In Copyright
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  • Attribution 3.0 United States
Journal title
  • Journal of Clinical Medicine
Journal volume
  • 11
Journal issue
  • 13
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  • 3671
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  • English
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  • Publisher
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  • 2077-0383

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