A Single-Dose Intranasal ChAd Vaccine Protects Upper and Lower Respiratory Tracts against SARS-CoV-2

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  • Hassan, A.O.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Kafai, N.M.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Dmitriev, I.P.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Fox, J.M.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Smith, B.K.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Harvey, I.B.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Chen, R.E.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Winkler, E.S.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Wessel, A.W.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Case, J.B.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Kashentseva, E.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • McCune, B.T.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Bailey, A.L.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Zhao, H.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • VanBlargan, L.A.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Dai, Y.-N.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Ma, M.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Adams, L.J.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Shrihari, S.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Danis, J.E.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Gralinski, L.E.
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology
  • Hou, Y.J.
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology
  • Schäfer, A.
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology
  • Kim, A.S.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Keeler, S.P.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Weiskopf, D.
    • Other Affiliation: La Jolla Institute for Immunology
  • Baric, R.S.
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology
  • Holtzman, M.J.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Fremont, D.H.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Curiel, D.T.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
  • Diamond, M.S.
    • Other Affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
Abstract
  • The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has made deployment of an effective vaccine a global health priority. We evaluated the protective activity of a chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored vaccine encoding a prefusion stabilized spike protein (ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S) in challenge studies with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and mice expressing the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor. Intramuscular dosing of ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S induces robust systemic humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and protects against lung infection, inflammation, and pathology but does not confer sterilizing immunity, as evidenced by detection of viral RNA and induction of anti-nucleoprotein antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 challenge. In contrast, a single intranasal dose of ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S induces high levels of neutralizing antibodies, promotes systemic and mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) and T cell responses, and almost entirely prevents SARS-CoV-2 infection in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. Intranasal administration of ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S is a candidate for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission and curtailing pandemic spread.
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  • Article
Rights statement
  • In Copyright
License
  • Attribution 3.0 United States
Journal title
  • Cell
Journal volume
  • 183
Journal issue
  • 1
Page start
  • 169
Page end
  • 184.e13
Language
  • English
ISSN
  • 0092-8674
Publisher
  • Cell Press

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