System parameters and performance specifications for the application of Diffraction Enhanced Imaging and Multiple Image Radiography to breast imaging

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  • March 22, 2019
Creator
  • Parham, Christopher Allen
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering
Abstract
  • The Diffraction Enhanced Imaging (DEI) method is a novel x-ray imaging technique that dramatically extends the capability of conventional x-ray imaging. X-ray imaging has traditionally been dependent on x-ray absorption to generate contrast, and is the physical mechanism of contrast in planar x-ray imaging and computed tomography. DEI utilizes the Bragg peak of perfect crystal diffraction to convert angular changes into intensity changes, providing a large change in intensity for a small change in angle. The use of a silicon analyzer crystal in the path of the x-ray beam generates two additional forms of image contrast, refraction and extinction. Objects that have very little absorption contrast may have considerable refraction and extinction contrast, this improving visualization and extending the utility of x-ray imaging. An area of medicine where this technique could have a dramatic impact is in breast imaging, where the key diagnostic structures often have low absorption contrast, especially in the early stages of disease. In order to develop a DEI clinical prototype imaging system, a systematic assessment of the engineering parameters for the breast imaging application must be determined. This body of work investigates the primary imaging parameters of DEI (x-ray beam energy, crystal reflections, angular sampling) and demonstrates how the unique properties of DEI can be capitalized upon to address the engineering limitations of flux, dramatically reducing the dose required for imaging. The results from this analysis are used to describe a plausible design for a non-synchrotron based DEI breast imaging system.
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  • In Copyright
Advisor
  • Pisano, Etta D.
Degree granting institution
  • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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  • Open access
Date uploaded
  • October 20, 2010

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