Speech-Language Tasks Administered Based on Cortical Location Stimulated During an Awake Craniotomy

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  • February 22, 2019
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  • Owczarzak, Lauren
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Allied Health Sciences, Division of Speech and Hearing Sciences
  • Steyl, Nicole
    • Affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Allied Health Sciences, Division of Speech and Hearing Sciences
Abstract
  • Direct cortical stimulation during awake craniotomies is used for mapping language in order to proceed with the greatest precision while ensuring preservation of critical language areas. Intraoperative mapping is typically conducted by having the patient produce route speech and name objects. However, no standardized tests or procedures are used during craniotomies; therefore, speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are unsure of the correct methods to use. PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases were searched to retrieve studies focused on language tasks including naming, reading, counting, and other verb tasks during awake craniotomies, and the location in the brain disturbed when performing these tasks. We review the tasks reported, list the cortical and subcortical regions whose stimulation inhibited language, and consider the types of task that stimulated regions of the brain. We compiled the research and created a representation of a brain with the locations of stimulation based on task. We argue that particular types of tasks are better used for awake craniotomies serving particular locations in the brain. We discuss the clinical value of the tasks and the limitations of the procedure. We suggest future research towards a formalized approach to language mapping during awake surgery. Further research will answer clinicians' questions as to how to map language with the greatest specificity intraoperatively.
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  • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Department of Allied Health Sciences. Division of Speech and Hearing Sciences. Student Research Day (8th: 2016: Chapel Hill, NC)
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  • May 10, 2016

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