The Expression of SOX2 and NANOG During Differentiation Between Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESCs) and Lung Progenitor Cells (LPCs)

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Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) offer much potential in the field of medical science with its ability to differentiate into almost any type of cells in the human body. With this unique characteristic, hESCs hold enormous promise in treating injuries and diseases such as Parkinson's, cystic fibrosis, spinal cord injuries, etc. However, the underlying mechanisms that govern the hESCs to differentiate from hESCs to LPCs still remain unclear. To address these challenges, the transcription factors (TFs), predominately NANOG and SOX2 gene, that enables stem cells to be in its pluripotent state will be fluorescently tagged to track their gene expression as hESCs differentiate to LPCs. I will test the hypothesis that the hESCs will experience an initial loss of NANOG expression followed by SOX2, since that is commonly witnessed during differentiation along the endodermal lineage. The results from this project concluded that NANOG did indeed decrease in gene expression initially followed by SOX2, after both of the TFs were successfully tagged with a fluorescent protein. As such, this can be a useful tool for researchers to understand how hESCs differentiate into LPCs that can later be transition into clinical settings to serve as stem cell therapies.

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