Lifestyle change in Kerala, India: needs assessment and planning for a community-based diabetes prevention trial

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  • Daivadanam, Meena
    • Other Affiliation: Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India; Division of Global Health (IHCAR), Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels vag 9, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
  • Absetz, Pilvikki
    • Other Affiliation: National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
  • Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu
    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
  • Thankappan, K R
    • Other Affiliation: Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
  • Fisher, Edwin
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Health Behavior
  • Philip, Neena Elezebeth
    • Other Affiliation: Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
  • Mathews, Elezebeth
    • Other Affiliation: Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
  • Oldenburg, Brian
    • Other Affiliation: School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
Abstract
  • Abstract Background Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has become a major public health challenge in India. Factors relevant to the development and implementation of diabetes prevention programmes in resource-constrained countries, such as India, have been under-studied. The purpose of this study is to describe the findings from research aimed at informing the development and evaluation of a Diabetes Prevention Programme in Kerala, India (K-DPP). Methods Data were collected from three main sources: (1) a systematic review of key research literature; (2) a review of relevant policy documents; and (3) focus groups conducted among individuals with a high risk of progressing to diabetes. The key findings were then triangulated and synthesised. Results Prevalence of risk factors for diabetes is very high and increasing in Kerala. This situation is largely attributable to rapid changes in the lifestyle of people living in this state of India. The findings from the systematic review and focus groups identified many environmental and personal determinants of these unhealthy lifestyle changes, including: less than ideal accessibility to and availability of health services; cultural values and norms; optimistic bias and other misconceptions related to risk; and low expectations regarding one’s ability to make lifestyle changes in order to influence health and disease outcomes. On the other hand, there are existing intervention trials conducted in India which suggests that risk reduction is possible. These programmes utilize multi-level strategies including mass media, as well as strategies to enhance community and individual empowerment. India’s national programme for the prevention and control of major non-communicable diseases (NCD) also provide a supportive environment for further community-based efforts to prevent diabetes. Conclusion These findings provide strong support for undertaking more research into the conduct of community-based diabetes prevention in the rural areas of Kerala. We aim to develop, implement and evaluate a group-based peer support programme that will address cultural and family determinants of lifestyle risks, including family decision-making regarding adoption of healthy dietary and physical activity patterns. Furthermore, we believe that this approach will be feasible, acceptable and effective in these communities; with the potential for scale-up in other parts of India.
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  • Article
Rights statement
  • In Copyright
Rights holder
  • Meena Daivadanam et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
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Journal title
  • BMC Public Health
Journal volume
  • 13
Journal issue
  • 1
Page start
  • 95
Language
  • English
Is the article or chapter peer-reviewed?
  • Yes
ISSN
  • 1471-2458
Bibliographic citation
  • BMC Public Health. 2013 Feb 01;13(1):95
Publisher
  • BioMed Central Ltd
Access right
  • Open Access
Date uploaded
  • July 15, 2016

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