ingest cdrApp 2017-07-05T20:32:02.503Z d36eae88-cb6b-42c1-ba08-197eadfa9868 modifyDatastreamByValue RELS-EXT fedoraAdmin 2017-07-05T21:11:50.657Z Setting exclusive relation modifyDatastreamByValue RELS-EXT fedoraAdmin 2017-07-05T21:11:58.839Z Setting exclusive relation addDatastream MD_TECHNICAL fedoraAdmin 2017-07-05T21:12:06.943Z Adding technical metadata derived by FITS modifyDatastreamByValue RELS-EXT fedoraAdmin 2017-07-05T21:12:22.800Z Setting exclusive relation addDatastream MD_FULL_TEXT fedoraAdmin 2017-07-05T21:12:31.305Z Adding full text metadata extracted by Apache Tika modifyDatastreamByValue RELS-EXT fedoraAdmin 2017-07-05T21:12:47.508Z Setting exclusive relation modifyDatastreamByValue RELS-EXT cdrApp 2017-07-06T11:39:08.133Z Setting exclusive relation modifyDatastreamByValue MD_DESCRIPTIVE cdrApp 2018-01-25T03:43:34.336Z modifyDatastreamByValue MD_DESCRIPTIVE cdrApp 2018-01-27T04:20:47.920Z modifyDatastreamByValue MD_DESCRIPTIVE cdrApp 2018-03-14T00:21:13.772Z modifyDatastreamByValue MD_DESCRIPTIVE cdrApp 2018-05-16T21:46:56.405Z modifyDatastreamByValue MD_DESCRIPTIVE cdrApp 2018-06-04T18:39:31.912Z modifyDatastreamByValue MD_DESCRIPTIVE cdrApp 2018-07-10T22:53:15.077Z modifyDatastreamByValue MD_DESCRIPTIVE cdrApp 2018-07-17T18:58:40.857Z modifyDatastreamByValue MD_DESCRIPTIVE cdrApp 2018-08-08T18:25:24.699Z modifyDatastreamByValue MD_DESCRIPTIVE cdrApp 2018-08-15T15:33:32.703Z modifyDatastreamByValue MD_DESCRIPTIVE cdrApp 2018-08-16T18:36:44.850Z modifyDatastreamByValue MD_DESCRIPTIVE cdrApp 2018-09-21T16:03:18.234Z modifyDatastreamByValue MD_DESCRIPTIVE cdrApp 2018-09-26T19:04:08.711Z modifyDatastreamByValue MD_DESCRIPTIVE cdrApp 2018-10-11T19:51:16.165Z modifyDatastreamByValue MD_DESCRIPTIVE cdrApp 2019-03-20T12:55:07.127Z Kashika Sahay Author Department of Maternal and Child Health Gillings School of Global Public Health Couples agreement on gender norms and modern contraceptive use in urban Nigeria Around the world, socially defined responsibilities, decision making ability, and control over resources vary for men and women; with men usually having more power than women in social situations. In Nigeria, gender inequity is high and use of family planning (FP) methods is low. However, few studies have examined couples’ agreement on gender norms and how (and if) this relates to modern contraceptive use in urban areas. This dissertation uses a two-paper format to analyze data collected from men and women in four Nigerian cities (Abuja, Ibadan, Ilorin and Kaduna) as part of the Measurement, Learning & Evaluation Project. I retrospectively matched data on 2,184 married couples to investigate couples’ agreement on gender norms (attitudes towards wife beating, household decision making, and restrictions on wife’s activities) and modern contraceptive use between 2010-2014. In the first paper, I present evidence of high inequity among couples on specific gender norms: namely, restrictions on contraceptive use, beating if unfaithful, and husband deciding large household purchases. Adjusted multivariate analysis found couples where both partners favored restricting wife’s activities had 0.31 times lower odds (95% CI: 0.21, 0.45) of using modern contraception as compared to couples who both disapproved of restrictions on wife’s activities. Couples that disagreed about restrictions on wife’s activities had 0.57 times lower odds of using modern contraception as compared to couples that both disapproved of restrictions in multivariate analysis. The wife beating and household decision making measures had more mixed associations with modern contraceptive use. In the second paper, using reproductive calendar data, I find that 37.5% of women adopted modern contraception within the extended postpartum period (i.e.18 months after a birth event). Couples’ agreement on gender norms was not associated with modern contraceptive adoption in this period. However, other variables such as women’s education status and work status were significantly associated with contraceptive adoption, supporting existing evidence on the importance of gender equity. These analyses suggest that even if an individual endorses an equitable viewpoint, their partner’s disagreement could prevent or discourage modern contraceptive use. Understanding of gender norms may promote healthy reproductive lives for married couples in urban Nigeria. Spring 2017 2017 Public health couples studies, family planning, gender equity, gender norms, urban Nigeria, women's empowerment eng Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School Degree granting institution Maternal and Child Health Sandra Martin Thesis advisor Ilene Speizer Thesis advisor Janine Barden-O'Fallon Thesis advisor Stella Babalola Thesis advisor Joseph Ibrahim Thesis advisor text Kashika Sahay Creator Department of Maternal and Child Health Gillings School of Global Public Health Couples agreement on gender norms and modern contraceptive use in urban Nigeria Around the world, socially defined responsibilities, decision making ability, and control over resources vary for men and women; with men usually having more power than women in social situations. In Nigeria, gender inequity is high and use of family planning (FP) methods is low. However, few studies have examined couples’ agreement on gender norms and how (and if) this relates to modern contraceptive use in urban areas. This dissertation uses a two-paper format to analyze data collected from men and women in four Nigerian cities (Abuja, Ibadan, Ilorin and Kaduna) as part of the Measurement, Learning & Evaluation Project. I retrospectively matched data on 2,184 married couples to investigate couples’ agreement on gender norms (attitudes towards wife beating, household decision making, and restrictions on wife’s activities) and modern contraceptive use between 2010-2014. In the first paper, I present evidence of high inequity among couples on specific gender norms: namely, restrictions on contraceptive use, beating if unfaithful, and husband deciding large household purchases. Adjusted multivariate analysis found couples where both partners favored restricting wife’s activities had 0.31 times lower odds (95% CI: 0.21, 0.45) of using modern contraception as compared to couples who both disapproved of restrictions on wife’s activities. Couples that disagreed about restrictions on wife’s activities had 0.57 times lower odds of using modern contraception as compared to couples that both disapproved of restrictions in multivariate analysis. The wife beating and household decision making measures had more mixed associations with modern contraceptive use. In the second paper, using reproductive calendar data, I find that 37.5% of women adopted modern contraception within the extended postpartum period (i.e.18 months after a birth event). Couples’ agreement on gender norms was not associated with modern contraceptive adoption in this period. However, other variables such as women’s education status and work status were significantly associated with contraceptive adoption, supporting existing evidence on the importance of gender equity. These analyses suggest that even if an individual endorses an equitable viewpoint, their partner’s disagreement could prevent or discourage modern contraceptive use. Understanding of gender norms may promote healthy reproductive lives for married couples in urban Nigeria. Spring 2017 2017 Public health couples studies, family planning, gender equity, gender norms, urban Nigeria, women's empowerment eng Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School Degree granting institution Maternal and Child Health Sandra Martin Thesis advisor Ilene Speizer Thesis advisor Janine Barden-O'Fallon Thesis advisor Stella Babalola Thesis advisor Joseph Ibrahim Thesis advisor text Kashika Sahay Creator Department of Maternal and Child Health Gillings School of Global Public Health Couples agreement on gender norms and modern contraceptive use in urban Nigeria Around the world, socially defined responsibilities, decision making ability, and control over resources vary for men and women; with men usually having more power than women in social situations. In Nigeria, gender inequity is high and use of family planning (FP) methods is low. However, few studies have examined couples’ agreement on gender norms and how (and if) this relates to modern contraceptive use in urban areas. This dissertation uses a two-paper format to analyze data collected from men and women in four Nigerian cities (Abuja, Ibadan, Ilorin and Kaduna) as part of the Measurement, Learning & Evaluation Project. I retrospectively matched data on 2,184 married couples to investigate couples’ agreement on gender norms (attitudes towards wife beating, household decision making, and restrictions on wife’s activities) and modern contraceptive use between 2010-2014. In the first paper, I present evidence of high inequity among couples on specific gender norms: namely, restrictions on contraceptive use, beating if unfaithful, and husband deciding large household purchases. Adjusted multivariate analysis found couples where both partners favored restricting wife’s activities had 0.31 times lower odds (95% CI: 0.21, 0.45) of using modern contraception as compared to couples who both disapproved of restrictions on wife’s activities. Couples that disagreed about restrictions on wife’s activities had 0.57 times lower odds of using modern contraception as compared to couples that both disapproved of restrictions in multivariate analysis. The wife beating and household decision making measures had more mixed associations with modern contraceptive use. In the second paper, using reproductive calendar data, I find that 37.5% of women adopted modern contraception within the extended postpartum period (i.e.18 months after a birth event). Couples’ agreement on gender norms was not associated with modern contraceptive adoption in this period. However, other variables such as women’s education status and work status were significantly associated with contraceptive adoption, supporting existing evidence on the importance of gender equity. These analyses suggest that even if an individual endorses an equitable viewpoint, their partner’s disagreement could prevent or discourage modern contraceptive use. Understanding of gender norms may promote healthy reproductive lives for married couples in urban Nigeria. Spring 2017 2017 Public health couples studies, family planning, gender equity, gender norms, urban Nigeria, women's empowerment eng Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School Degree granting institution Maternal and Child Health Sandra Martin Thesis advisor Ilene Speizer Thesis advisor Janine Barden-O'Fallon Thesis advisor Stella Babalola Thesis advisor Joseph Ibrahim Thesis advisor text Kashika Sahay Creator Department of Maternal and Child Health Gillings School of Global Public Health Couples agreement on gender norms and modern contraceptive use in urban Nigeria Around the world, socially defined responsibilities, decision making ability, and control over resources vary for men and women; with men usually having more power than women in social situations. In Nigeria, gender inequity is high and use of family planning (FP) methods is low. However, few studies have examined couples’ agreement on gender norms and how (and if) this relates to modern contraceptive use in urban areas. This dissertation uses a two-paper format to analyze data collected from men and women in four Nigerian cities (Abuja, Ibadan, Ilorin and Kaduna) as part of the Measurement, Learning & Evaluation Project. I retrospectively matched data on 2,184 married couples to investigate couples’ agreement on gender norms (attitudes towards wife beating, household decision making, and restrictions on wife’s activities) and modern contraceptive use between 2010-2014. In the first paper, I present evidence of high inequity among couples on specific gender norms: namely, restrictions on contraceptive use, beating if unfaithful, and husband deciding large household purchases. Adjusted multivariate analysis found couples where both partners favored restricting wife’s activities had 0.31 times lower odds (95% CI: 0.21, 0.45) of using modern contraception as compared to couples who both disapproved of restrictions on wife’s activities. Couples that disagreed about restrictions on wife’s activities had 0.57 times lower odds of using modern contraception as compared to couples that both disapproved of restrictions in multivariate analysis. The wife beating and household decision making measures had more mixed associations with modern contraceptive use. In the second paper, using reproductive calendar data, I find that 37.5% of women adopted modern contraception within the extended postpartum period (i.e.18 months after a birth event). Couples’ agreement on gender norms was not associated with modern contraceptive adoption in this period. However, other variables such as women’s education status and work status were significantly associated with contraceptive adoption, supporting existing evidence on the importance of gender equity. These analyses suggest that even if an individual endorses an equitable viewpoint, their partner’s disagreement could prevent or discourage modern contraceptive use. Understanding of gender norms may promote healthy reproductive lives for married couples in urban Nigeria. 2017-05 2017 Public health couples studies, family planning, gender equity, gender norms, urban Nigeria, women's empowerment eng Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School Degree granting institution Maternal and Child Health Sandra Martin Thesis advisor Ilene Speizer Thesis advisor Janine Barden-O'Fallon Thesis advisor Stella Babalola Thesis advisor Joseph Ibrahim Thesis advisor text Kashika Sahay Creator Department of Maternal and Child Health Gillings School of Global Public Health Couples agreement on gender norms and modern contraceptive use in urban Nigeria Around the world, socially defined responsibilities, decision making ability, and control over resources vary for men and women; with men usually having more power than women in social situations. In Nigeria, gender inequity is high and use of family planning (FP) methods is low. However, few studies have examined couples’ agreement on gender norms and how (and if) this relates to modern contraceptive use in urban areas. This dissertation uses a two-paper format to analyze data collected from men and women in four Nigerian cities (Abuja, Ibadan, Ilorin and Kaduna) as part of the Measurement, Learning & Evaluation Project. I retrospectively matched data on 2,184 married couples to investigate couples’ agreement on gender norms (attitudes towards wife beating, household decision making, and restrictions on wife’s activities) and modern contraceptive use between 2010-2014. In the first paper, I present evidence of high inequity among couples on specific gender norms: namely, restrictions on contraceptive use, beating if unfaithful, and husband deciding large household purchases. Adjusted multivariate analysis found couples where both partners favored restricting wife’s activities had 0.31 times lower odds (95% CI: 0.21, 0.45) of using modern contraception as compared to couples who both disapproved of restrictions on wife’s activities. Couples that disagreed about restrictions on wife’s activities had 0.57 times lower odds of using modern contraception as compared to couples that both disapproved of restrictions in multivariate analysis. The wife beating and household decision making measures had more mixed associations with modern contraceptive use. In the second paper, using reproductive calendar data, I find that 37.5% of women adopted modern contraception within the extended postpartum period (i.e.18 months after a birth event). Couples’ agreement on gender norms was not associated with modern contraceptive adoption in this period. However, other variables such as women’s education status and work status were significantly associated with contraceptive adoption, supporting existing evidence on the importance of gender equity. These analyses suggest that even if an individual endorses an equitable viewpoint, their partner’s disagreement could prevent or discourage modern contraceptive use. Understanding of gender norms may promote healthy reproductive lives for married couples in urban Nigeria. 2017 Public health couples studies, family planning, gender equity, gender norms, urban Nigeria, women's empowerment eng Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School Degree granting institution Maternal and Child Health Sandra Martin Thesis advisor Ilene Speizer Thesis advisor Janine Barden-O'Fallon Thesis advisor Stella Babalola Thesis advisor Joseph Ibrahim Thesis advisor text 2017-05 Kashika Sahay Creator Department of Maternal and Child Health Gillings School of Global Public Health Couples' Agreement on Gender Norms and Modern Contraceptive Use in Urban Nigeria Around the world, socially defined responsibilities, decision making ability, and control over resources vary for men and women; with men usually having more power than women in social situations. In Nigeria, gender inequity is high and use of family planning (FP) methods is low. However, few studies have examined couples’ agreement on gender norms and how (and if) this relates to modern contraceptive use in urban areas. This dissertation uses a two-paper format to analyze data collected from men and women in four Nigerian cities (Abuja, Ibadan, Ilorin and Kaduna) as part of the Measurement, Learning & Evaluation Project. I retrospectively matched data on 2,184 married couples to investigate couples’ agreement on gender norms (attitudes towards wife beating, household decision making, and restrictions on wife’s activities) and modern contraceptive use between 2010-2014. In the first paper, I present evidence of high inequity among couples on specific gender norms: namely, restrictions on contraceptive use, beating if unfaithful, and husband deciding large household purchases. Adjusted multivariate analysis found couples where both partners favored restricting wife’s activities had 0.31 times lower odds (95% CI: 0.21, 0.45) of using modern contraception as compared to couples who both disapproved of restrictions on wife’s activities. Couples that disagreed about restrictions on wife’s activities had 0.57 times lower odds of using modern contraception as compared to couples that both disapproved of restrictions in multivariate analysis. The wife beating and household decision making measures had more mixed associations with modern contraceptive use. In the second paper, using reproductive calendar data, I find that 37.5% of women adopted modern contraception within the extended postpartum period (i.e.18 months after a birth event). Couples’ agreement on gender norms was not associated with modern contraceptive adoption in this period. However, other variables such as women’s education status and work status were significantly associated with contraceptive adoption, supporting existing evidence on the importance of gender equity. These analyses suggest that even if an individual endorses an equitable viewpoint, their partner’s disagreement could prevent or discourage modern contraceptive use. Understanding of gender norms may promote healthy reproductive lives for married couples in urban Nigeria. 2017 Public health couples studies, family planning, gender equity, gender norms, urban Nigeria, women's empowerment eng Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School Degree granting institution Maternal and Child Health Sandra Martin Thesis advisor Ilene Speizer Thesis advisor Janine Barden-O'Fallon Thesis advisor Stella Babalola Thesis advisor Joseph Ibrahim Thesis advisor text 2017-05 Kashika Sahay Creator Department of Maternal and Child Health Gillings School of Global Public Health Couples' Agreement on Gender Norms and Modern Contraceptive Use in Urban Nigeria Around the world, socially defined responsibilities, decision making ability, and control over resources vary for men and women; with men usually having more power than women in social situations. In Nigeria, gender inequity is high and use of family planning (FP) methods is low. However, few studies have examined couples’ agreement on gender norms and how (and if) this relates to modern contraceptive use in urban areas. This dissertation uses a two-paper format to analyze data collected from men and women in four Nigerian cities (Abuja, Ibadan, Ilorin and Kaduna) as part of the Measurement, Learning & Evaluation Project. I retrospectively matched data on 2,184 married couples to investigate couples’ agreement on gender norms (attitudes towards wife beating, household decision making, and restrictions on wife’s activities) and modern contraceptive use between 2010-2014. In the first paper, I present evidence of high inequity among couples on specific gender norms: namely, restrictions on contraceptive use, beating if unfaithful, and husband deciding large household purchases. Adjusted multivariate analysis found couples where both partners favored restricting wife’s activities had 0.31 times lower odds (95% CI: 0.21, 0.45) of using modern contraception as compared to couples who both disapproved of restrictions on wife’s activities. Couples that disagreed about restrictions on wife’s activities had 0.57 times lower odds of using modern contraception as compared to couples that both disapproved of restrictions in multivariate analysis. The wife beating and household decision making measures had more mixed associations with modern contraceptive use. In the second paper, using reproductive calendar data, I find that 37.5% of women adopted modern contraception within the extended postpartum period (i.e.18 months after a birth event). Couples’ agreement on gender norms was not associated with modern contraceptive adoption in this period. However, other variables such as women’s education status and work status were significantly associated with contraceptive adoption, supporting existing evidence on the importance of gender equity. These analyses suggest that even if an individual endorses an equitable viewpoint, their partner’s disagreement could prevent or discourage modern contraceptive use. Understanding of gender norms may promote healthy reproductive lives for married couples in urban Nigeria. 2017 Public health couples studies, family planning, gender equity, gender norms, urban Nigeria, women's empowerment eng Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School Degree granting institution Maternal and Child Health Sandra Martin Thesis advisor Ilene Speizer Thesis advisor Janine Barden-O'Fallon Thesis advisor Stella Babalola Thesis advisor Joseph Ibrahim Thesis advisor text 2017-05 Kashika Sahay Creator Department of Maternal and Child Health Gillings School of Global Public Health Couples' Agreement on Gender Norms and Modern Contraceptive Use in Urban Nigeria Around the world, socially defined responsibilities, decision making ability, and control over resources vary for men and women; with men usually having more power than women in social situations. In Nigeria, gender inequity is high and use of family planning (FP) methods is low. However, few studies have examined couples’ agreement on gender norms and how (and if) this relates to modern contraceptive use in urban areas. This dissertation uses a two-paper format to analyze data collected from men and women in four Nigerian cities (Abuja, Ibadan, Ilorin and Kaduna) as part of the Measurement, Learning & Evaluation Project. I retrospectively matched data on 2,184 married couples to investigate couples’ agreement on gender norms (attitudes towards wife beating, household decision making, and restrictions on wife’s activities) and modern contraceptive use between 2010-2014. In the first paper, I present evidence of high inequity among couples on specific gender norms: namely, restrictions on contraceptive use, beating if unfaithful, and husband deciding large household purchases. Adjusted multivariate analysis found couples where both partners favored restricting wife’s activities had 0.31 times lower odds (95% CI: 0.21, 0.45) of using modern contraception as compared to couples who both disapproved of restrictions on wife’s activities. Couples that disagreed about restrictions on wife’s activities had 0.57 times lower odds of using modern contraception as compared to couples that both disapproved of restrictions in multivariate analysis. The wife beating and household decision making measures had more mixed associations with modern contraceptive use. In the second paper, using reproductive calendar data, I find that 37.5% of women adopted modern contraception within the extended postpartum period (i.e.18 months after a birth event). Couples’ agreement on gender norms was not associated with modern contraceptive adoption in this period. However, other variables such as women’s education status and work status were significantly associated with contraceptive adoption, supporting existing evidence on the importance of gender equity. These analyses suggest that even if an individual endorses an equitable viewpoint, their partner’s disagreement could prevent or discourage modern contraceptive use. Understanding of gender norms may promote healthy reproductive lives for married couples in urban Nigeria. 2017 Public health couples studies, family planning, gender equity, gender norms, urban Nigeria, women's empowerment eng Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School Degree granting institution Maternal and Child Health Sandra Martin Thesis advisor Ilene Speizer Thesis advisor Janine Barden-O'Fallon Thesis advisor Stella Babalola Thesis advisor Joseph Ibrahim Thesis advisor text 2017-05 Kashika Sahay Creator Department of Maternal and Child Health Gillings School of Global Public Health Couples' Agreement on Gender Norms and Modern Contraceptive Use in Urban Nigeria Around the world, socially defined responsibilities, decision making ability, and control over resources vary for men and women; with men usually having more power than women in social situations. In Nigeria, gender inequity is high and use of family planning (FP) methods is low. However, few studies have examined couples’ agreement on gender norms and how (and if) this relates to modern contraceptive use in urban areas. This dissertation uses a two-paper format to analyze data collected from men and women in four Nigerian cities (Abuja, Ibadan, Ilorin and Kaduna) as part of the Measurement, Learning & Evaluation Project. I retrospectively matched data on 2,184 married couples to investigate couples’ agreement on gender norms (attitudes towards wife beating, household decision making, and restrictions on wife’s activities) and modern contraceptive use between 2010-2014. In the first paper, I present evidence of high inequity among couples on specific gender norms: namely, restrictions on contraceptive use, beating if unfaithful, and husband deciding large household purchases. Adjusted multivariate analysis found couples where both partners favored restricting wife’s activities had 0.31 times lower odds (95% CI: 0.21, 0.45) of using modern contraception as compared to couples who both disapproved of restrictions on wife’s activities. Couples that disagreed about restrictions on wife’s activities had 0.57 times lower odds of using modern contraception as compared to couples that both disapproved of restrictions in multivariate analysis. The wife beating and household decision making measures had more mixed associations with modern contraceptive use. In the second paper, using reproductive calendar data, I find that 37.5% of women adopted modern contraception within the extended postpartum period (i.e.18 months after a birth event). Couples’ agreement on gender norms was not associated with modern contraceptive adoption in this period. However, other variables such as women’s education status and work status were significantly associated with contraceptive adoption, supporting existing evidence on the importance of gender equity. These analyses suggest that even if an individual endorses an equitable viewpoint, their partner’s disagreement could prevent or discourage modern contraceptive use. Understanding of gender norms may promote healthy reproductive lives for married couples in urban Nigeria. 2017 Public health couples studies, family planning, gender equity, gender norms, urban Nigeria, women's empowerment eng Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School Degree granting institution Maternal and Child Health Sandra Martin Thesis advisor Ilene Speizer Thesis advisor Janine Barden-O'Fallon Thesis advisor Stella Babalola Thesis advisor Joseph Ibrahim Thesis advisor text 2017-05 Kashika Sahay Creator Department of Maternal and Child Health Gillings School of Global Public Health Couples' Agreement on Gender Norms and Modern Contraceptive Use in Urban Nigeria Around the world, socially defined responsibilities, decision making ability, and control over resources vary for men and women; with men usually having more power than women in social situations. In Nigeria, gender inequity is high and use of family planning (FP) methods is low. However, few studies have examined couples’ agreement on gender norms and how (and if) this relates to modern contraceptive use in urban areas. This dissertation uses a two-paper format to analyze data collected from men and women in four Nigerian cities (Abuja, Ibadan, Ilorin and Kaduna) as part of the Measurement, Learning & Evaluation Project. I retrospectively matched data on 2,184 married couples to investigate couples’ agreement on gender norms (attitudes towards wife beating, household decision making, and restrictions on wife’s activities) and modern contraceptive use between 2010-2014. In the first paper, I present evidence of high inequity among couples on specific gender norms: namely, restrictions on contraceptive use, beating if unfaithful, and husband deciding large household purchases. Adjusted multivariate analysis found couples where both partners favored restricting wife’s activities had 0.31 times lower odds (95% CI: 0.21, 0.45) of using modern contraception as compared to couples who both disapproved of restrictions on wife’s activities. Couples that disagreed about restrictions on wife’s activities had 0.57 times lower odds of using modern contraception as compared to couples that both disapproved of restrictions in multivariate analysis. The wife beating and household decision making measures had more mixed associations with modern contraceptive use. In the second paper, using reproductive calendar data, I find that 37.5% of women adopted modern contraception within the extended postpartum period (i.e.18 months after a birth event). Couples’ agreement on gender norms was not associated with modern contraceptive adoption in this period. However, other variables such as women’s education status and work status were significantly associated with contraceptive adoption, supporting existing evidence on the importance of gender equity. These analyses suggest that even if an individual endorses an equitable viewpoint, their partner’s disagreement could prevent or discourage modern contraceptive use. Understanding of gender norms may promote healthy reproductive lives for married couples in urban Nigeria. 2017 Public health couples studies, family planning, gender equity, gender norms, urban Nigeria, women's empowerment eng Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation Maternal and Child Health Sandra Martin Thesis advisor Ilene Speizer Thesis advisor Janine Barden-O'Fallon Thesis advisor Stella Babalola Thesis advisor Joseph Ibrahim Thesis advisor text 2017-05 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Degree granting institution Kashika Sahay Creator Department of Maternal and Child Health Gillings School of Global Public Health Couples' Agreement on Gender Norms and Modern Contraceptive Use in Urban Nigeria Around the world, socially defined responsibilities, decision making ability, and control over resources vary for men and women; with men usually having more power than women in social situations. In Nigeria, gender inequity is high and use of family planning (FP) methods is low. However, few studies have examined couples’ agreement on gender norms and how (and if) this relates to modern contraceptive use in urban areas. This dissertation uses a two-paper format to analyze data collected from men and women in four Nigerian cities (Abuja, Ibadan, Ilorin and Kaduna) as part of the Measurement, Learning & Evaluation Project. I retrospectively matched data on 2,184 married couples to investigate couples’ agreement on gender norms (attitudes towards wife beating, household decision making, and restrictions on wife’s activities) and modern contraceptive use between 2010-2014. In the first paper, I present evidence of high inequity among couples on specific gender norms: namely, restrictions on contraceptive use, beating if unfaithful, and husband deciding large household purchases. Adjusted multivariate analysis found couples where both partners favored restricting wife’s activities had 0.31 times lower odds (95% CI: 0.21, 0.45) of using modern contraception as compared to couples who both disapproved of restrictions on wife’s activities. Couples that disagreed about restrictions on wife’s activities had 0.57 times lower odds of using modern contraception as compared to couples that both disapproved of restrictions in multivariate analysis. The wife beating and household decision making measures had more mixed associations with modern contraceptive use. In the second paper, using reproductive calendar data, I find that 37.5% of women adopted modern contraception within the extended postpartum period (i.e.18 months after a birth event). Couples’ agreement on gender norms was not associated with modern contraceptive adoption in this period. However, other variables such as women’s education status and work status were significantly associated with contraceptive adoption, supporting existing evidence on the importance of gender equity. These analyses suggest that even if an individual endorses an equitable viewpoint, their partner’s disagreement could prevent or discourage modern contraceptive use. Understanding of gender norms may promote healthy reproductive lives for married couples in urban Nigeria. 2017 Public health couples studies, family planning, gender equity, gender norms, urban Nigeria, women's empowerment eng Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School Degree granting institution Maternal and Child Health Sandra Martin Thesis advisor Ilene Speizer Thesis advisor Janine Barden-O'Fallon Thesis advisor Stella Babalola Thesis advisor Joseph Ibrahim Thesis advisor text 2017-05 Kashika Sahay Creator Department of Maternal and Child Health Gillings School of Global Public Health Couples' Agreement on Gender Norms and Modern Contraceptive Use in Urban Nigeria Around the world, socially defined responsibilities, decision making ability, and control over resources vary for men and women; with men usually having more power than women in social situations. In Nigeria, gender inequity is high and use of family planning (FP) methods is low. However, few studies have examined couples’ agreement on gender norms and how (and if) this relates to modern contraceptive use in urban areas. This dissertation uses a two-paper format to analyze data collected from men and women in four Nigerian cities (Abuja, Ibadan, Ilorin and Kaduna) as part of the Measurement, Learning & Evaluation Project. I retrospectively matched data on 2,184 married couples to investigate couples’ agreement on gender norms (attitudes towards wife beating, household decision making, and restrictions on wife’s activities) and modern contraceptive use between 2010-2014. In the first paper, I present evidence of high inequity among couples on specific gender norms: namely, restrictions on contraceptive use, beating if unfaithful, and husband deciding large household purchases. Adjusted multivariate analysis found couples where both partners favored restricting wife’s activities had 0.31 times lower odds (95% CI: 0.21, 0.45) of using modern contraception as compared to couples who both disapproved of restrictions on wife’s activities. Couples that disagreed about restrictions on wife’s activities had 0.57 times lower odds of using modern contraception as compared to couples that both disapproved of restrictions in multivariate analysis. The wife beating and household decision making measures had more mixed associations with modern contraceptive use. In the second paper, using reproductive calendar data, I find that 37.5% of women adopted modern contraception within the extended postpartum period (i.e.18 months after a birth event). Couples’ agreement on gender norms was not associated with modern contraceptive adoption in this period. However, other variables such as women’s education status and work status were significantly associated with contraceptive adoption, supporting existing evidence on the importance of gender equity. These analyses suggest that even if an individual endorses an equitable viewpoint, their partner’s disagreement could prevent or discourage modern contraceptive use. Understanding of gender norms may promote healthy reproductive lives for married couples in urban Nigeria. 2017 Public health couples studies, family planning, gender equity, gender norms, urban Nigeria, women's empowerment eng Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School Degree granting institution Maternal and Child Health Sandra Martin Thesis advisor Ilene Speizer Thesis advisor Janine Barden-O'Fallon Thesis advisor Stella Babalola Thesis advisor Joseph Ibrahim Thesis advisor text 2017-05 Kashika Sahay Creator Department of Maternal and Child Health Gillings School of Global Public Health Couples' Agreement on Gender Norms and Modern Contraceptive Use in Urban Nigeria Around the world, socially defined responsibilities, decision making ability, and control over resources vary for men and women; with men usually having more power than women in social situations. In Nigeria, gender inequity is high and use of family planning (FP) methods is low. However, few studies have examined couples’ agreement on gender norms and how (and if) this relates to modern contraceptive use in urban areas. This dissertation uses a two-paper format to analyze data collected from men and women in four Nigerian cities (Abuja, Ibadan, Ilorin and Kaduna) as part of the Measurement, Learning & Evaluation Project. I retrospectively matched data on 2,184 married couples to investigate couples’ agreement on gender norms (attitudes towards wife beating, household decision making, and restrictions on wife’s activities) and modern contraceptive use between 2010-2014. In the first paper, I present evidence of high inequity among couples on specific gender norms: namely, restrictions on contraceptive use, beating if unfaithful, and husband deciding large household purchases. Adjusted multivariate analysis found couples where both partners favored restricting wife’s activities had 0.31 times lower odds (95% CI: 0.21, 0.45) of using modern contraception as compared to couples who both disapproved of restrictions on wife’s activities. Couples that disagreed about restrictions on wife’s activities had 0.57 times lower odds of using modern contraception as compared to couples that both disapproved of restrictions in multivariate analysis. The wife beating and household decision making measures had more mixed associations with modern contraceptive use. In the second paper, using reproductive calendar data, I find that 37.5% of women adopted modern contraception within the extended postpartum period (i.e.18 months after a birth event). Couples’ agreement on gender norms was not associated with modern contraceptive adoption in this period. However, other variables such as women’s education status and work status were significantly associated with contraceptive adoption, supporting existing evidence on the importance of gender equity. These analyses suggest that even if an individual endorses an equitable viewpoint, their partner’s disagreement could prevent or discourage modern contraceptive use. Understanding of gender norms may promote healthy reproductive lives for married couples in urban Nigeria. 2017 Public health couples studies; family planning; gender equity; gender norms; urban Nigeria; women's empowerment eng Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School Degree granting institution Maternal and Child Health Sandra Martin Thesis advisor Ilene Speizer Thesis advisor Janine Barden-O'Fallon Thesis advisor Stella Babalola Thesis advisor Joseph Ibrahim Thesis advisor text 2017-05 Kashika Sahay Creator Department of Maternal and Child Health Gillings School of Global Public Health Couples' Agreement on Gender Norms and Modern Contraceptive Use in Urban Nigeria Around the world, socially defined responsibilities, decision making ability, and control over resources vary for men and women; with men usually having more power than women in social situations. In Nigeria, gender inequity is high and use of family planning (FP) methods is low. However, few studies have examined couples’ agreement on gender norms and how (and if) this relates to modern contraceptive use in urban areas. This dissertation uses a two-paper format to analyze data collected from men and women in four Nigerian cities (Abuja, Ibadan, Ilorin and Kaduna) as part of the Measurement, Learning & Evaluation Project. I retrospectively matched data on 2,184 married couples to investigate couples’ agreement on gender norms (attitudes towards wife beating, household decision making, and restrictions on wife’s activities) and modern contraceptive use between 2010-2014. In the first paper, I present evidence of high inequity among couples on specific gender norms: namely, restrictions on contraceptive use, beating if unfaithful, and husband deciding large household purchases. Adjusted multivariate analysis found couples where both partners favored restricting wife’s activities had 0.31 times lower odds (95% CI: 0.21, 0.45) of using modern contraception as compared to couples who both disapproved of restrictions on wife’s activities. Couples that disagreed about restrictions on wife’s activities had 0.57 times lower odds of using modern contraception as compared to couples that both disapproved of restrictions in multivariate analysis. The wife beating and household decision making measures had more mixed associations with modern contraceptive use. In the second paper, using reproductive calendar data, I find that 37.5% of women adopted modern contraception within the extended postpartum period (i.e.18 months after a birth event). Couples’ agreement on gender norms was not associated with modern contraceptive adoption in this period. However, other variables such as women’s education status and work status were significantly associated with contraceptive adoption, supporting existing evidence on the importance of gender equity. These analyses suggest that even if an individual endorses an equitable viewpoint, their partner’s disagreement could prevent or discourage modern contraceptive use. Understanding of gender norms may promote healthy reproductive lives for married couples in urban Nigeria. 2017 Public health couples studies, family planning, gender equity, gender norms, urban Nigeria, women's empowerment eng Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School Degree granting institution Maternal and Child Health Sandra Martin Thesis advisor Ilene Speizer Thesis advisor Janine Barden-O'Fallon Thesis advisor Stella Babalola Thesis advisor Joseph Ibrahim Thesis advisor text 2017-05 Kashika Sahay Creator Department of Maternal and Child Health Gillings School of Global Public Health Around the world, socially defined responsibilities, decision making ability, and control over resources vary for men and women; with men usually having more power than women in social situations. In Nigeria, gender inequity is high and use of family planning (FP) methods is low. However, few studies have examined couples’ agreement on gender norms and how (and if) this relates to modern contraceptive use in urban areas. This dissertation uses a two-paper format to analyze data collected from men and women in four Nigerian cities (Abuja, Ibadan, Ilorin and Kaduna) as part of the Measurement, Learning & Evaluation Project. I retrospectively matched data on 2,184 married couples to investigate couples’ agreement on gender norms (attitudes towards wife beating, household decision making, and restrictions on wife’s activities) and modern contraceptive use between 2010-2014. In the first paper, I present evidence of high inequity among couples on specific gender norms: namely, restrictions on contraceptive use, beating if unfaithful, and husband deciding large household purchases. Adjusted multivariate analysis found couples where both partners favored restricting wife’s activities had 0.31 times lower odds (95% CI: 0.21, 0.45) of using modern contraception as compared to couples who both disapproved of restrictions on wife’s activities. Couples that disagreed about restrictions on wife’s activities had 0.57 times lower odds of using modern contraception as compared to couples that both disapproved of restrictions in multivariate analysis. The wife beating and household decision making measures had more mixed associations with modern contraceptive use. In the second paper, using reproductive calendar data, I find that 37.5% of women adopted modern contraception within the extended postpartum period (i.e.18 months after a birth event). Couples’ agreement on gender norms was not associated with modern contraceptive adoption in this period. However, other variables such as women’s education status and work status were significantly associated with contraceptive adoption, supporting existing evidence on the importance of gender equity. These analyses suggest that even if an individual endorses an equitable viewpoint, their partner’s disagreement could prevent or discourage modern contraceptive use. Understanding of gender norms may promote healthy reproductive lives for married couples in urban Nigeria. 2017 Public health couples studies; family planning; gender equity; gender norms; urban Nigeria; women's empowerment eng Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School Degree granting institution Sandra Martin Thesis advisor Ilene Speizer Thesis advisor Janine Barden-O'Fallon Thesis advisor Stella Babalola Thesis advisor Joseph Ibrahim Thesis advisor text 2017-05 Sahay_unc_0153D_17002.pdf uuid:b3ff2e3e-4f63-4cd6-bfae-bef839e51dec 2017-04-18T22:22:40Z 2019-07-05T00:00:00 proquest application/pdf 1053930 yes