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Tyler
Steelman
Author
Department of Political Science
College of Arts and Sciences
The Ties That Bind: Surrogate Representation in the United States House of Representatives
In a 2015 interview with the Minnesota Post, U.S. House member Keith Ellison made the
startling comment that he “. . . didn’t run for Congress to talk about my religion all the
time. . . ”; instead he ran “. . . to increase the minimum wage, strengthen the right to bargain
collectively, to do something about climate change, to help students afford college.”
What is being described is surrogate representation—an often understudied phenomenon
in theories of American representation—which is the link between a legislator and citizen
where no formal electoral, and territorial, connection exists. Using an original method to
identify the location of donors to members of the United States House of Representatives
in 2016 I demonstrate the surrogate legislators have a higher percentage of their constituencies
originating from outside their geographic district. This process is facilitated by speciail
interested organizations, like EMILY’s List which can increase a surrogate legislator’s
out-of-district constitueny even further. Surrogate legislators are attracting the attention of
citizens across political boundaries and are seeing significant increases to the percentage
of their campaign contributions that are coming from outside their congressional district,
as a result. In effect, these legislators are redefining their constituencies to include both
in-district and out-of-district citizens.
Spring 2018
2018
Political science
Donations, EMILY's List, GIS, House of Representatives, Representation, Surrogate
eng
Master of Arts
Thesis
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Degree granting institution
Political Science
Pamela
Conover
Thesis advisor
Sarah
Treul
Thesis advisor
Timothy
Ryan
Thesis advisor
text
Tyler
Steelman
Creator
Department of Political Science
College of Arts and Sciences
The Ties That Bind: Surrogate Representation in the United States House of Representatives
In a 2015 interview with the Minnesota Post, U.S. House member Keith Ellison made the
startling comment that he “. . . didn’t run for Congress to talk about my religion all the
time. . . ”; instead he ran “. . . to increase the minimum wage, strengthen the right to bargain
collectively, to do something about climate change, to help students afford college.”
What is being described is surrogate representation—an often understudied phenomenon
in theories of American representation—which is the link between a legislator and citizen
where no formal electoral, and territorial, connection exists. Using an original method to
identify the location of donors to members of the United States House of Representatives
in 2016 I demonstrate the surrogate legislators have a higher percentage of their constituencies
originating from outside their geographic district. This process is facilitated by speciail
interested organizations, like EMILY’s List which can increase a surrogate legislator’s
out-of-district constitueny even further. Surrogate legislators are attracting the attention of
citizens across political boundaries and are seeing significant increases to the percentage
of their campaign contributions that are coming from outside their congressional district,
as a result. In effect, these legislators are redefining their constituencies to include both
in-district and out-of-district citizens.
Political science
Donations; EMILY's List; GIS; House of Representatives; Representation; Surrogate
Master of Arts
Masters Thesis
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Degree granting institution
Political Science
Pamela
Conover
Thesis advisor
Sarah
Treul
Thesis advisor
Timothy
Ryan
Thesis advisor
2018
2018-05
eng
text
Tyler
Steelman
Creator
Department of Political Science
College of Arts and Sciences
The Ties That Bind: Surrogate Representation in the United States House of Representatives
In a 2015 interview with the Minnesota Post, U.S. House member Keith Ellison made the
startling comment that he “. . . didn’t run for Congress to talk about my religion all the
time. . . ”; instead he ran “. . . to increase the minimum wage, strengthen the right to bargain
collectively, to do something about climate change, to help students afford college.”
What is being described is surrogate representation—an often understudied phenomenon
in theories of American representation—which is the link between a legislator and citizen
where no formal electoral, and territorial, connection exists. Using an original method to
identify the location of donors to members of the United States House of Representatives
in 2016 I demonstrate the surrogate legislators have a higher percentage of their constituencies
originating from outside their geographic district. This process is facilitated by speciail
interested organizations, like EMILY’s List which can increase a surrogate legislator’s
out-of-district constitueny even further. Surrogate legislators are attracting the attention of
citizens across political boundaries and are seeing significant increases to the percentage
of their campaign contributions that are coming from outside their congressional district,
as a result. In effect, these legislators are redefining their constituencies to include both
in-district and out-of-district citizens.
Political science
Donations; EMILY's List; GIS; House of Representatives; Representation; Surrogate
Master of Arts
Masters Thesis
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Degree granting institution
Pamela
Conover
Thesis advisor
Sarah
Treul
Thesis advisor
Timothy
Ryan
Thesis advisor
2018
2018-05
eng
text
Steelman_unc_0153M_17956.pdf
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