ingest cdrApp 2018-08-23T18:57:36.089Z d39a25df-af15-48e9-aec2-c9af81a997a2 modifyDatastreamByValue RELS-EXT fedoraAdmin 2018-08-23T18:58:15.885Z Setting exclusive relation addDatastream MD_TECHNICAL fedoraAdmin 2018-08-23T18:58:27.212Z Adding technical metadata derived by FITS addDatastream MD_FULL_TEXT fedoraAdmin 2018-08-23T18:58:50.212Z Adding full text metadata extracted by Apache Tika modifyDatastreamByValue RELS-EXT fedoraAdmin 2018-08-23T18:59:12.571Z Setting exclusive relation modifyDatastreamByValue MD_DESCRIPTIVE cdrApp 2018-09-27T00:40:46.169Z modifyDatastreamByValue MD_DESCRIPTIVE cdrApp 2019-03-20T19:19:55.008Z Jessica Page Author School of Education Characterizing Early Development and NREM Sleep in Infants and Toddlers and Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder Early childhood is characterized by rapid development and pronounced changes in early brain function and learning. Both are thought to be fostered by non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. NREM sleep is characterized by the presence of slow wave activity (SWA) and sleep spindles (10-16 Hz). Both slow waves and sleep spindles exhibit pronounced developmental trajectories and are related to intelligence and general learning traits in school aged children, adults and may be altered in several neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Yet, these features are poorly understood in typically developing (TD) infants/toddlers and those at-risk for ASD. Moreover, it is unclear how these features are associated with outcomes of early development in TD infants/toddlers and those at-risk for ASD. This study aimed to address the following: (1) identify features of NREM sleep in 12-30-month-olds; (2) identify patterns of NREM sleep that are associated with infant/toddler development; (3) identify NREM features differentiating TD and ASD; and (4) examine NREM patterns associated with development in ASD. Using data from the Early Development and Sleep study, data collected during the home visit (measures administered: ADOS-2, MSEL, and VABS) was correlated with high density electroencephalography (hdEEG) nap recordings. The findings illustrated age related changes in delta (.5-2 Hz), theta (4-7 Hz), sleep spindles (10-16 Hz), and beta (20-25 Hz) oscillations in the 12-30-month age span. These frequencies correlated with domain and composite scores on the MSEL and VABS. NREM findings at both the group and individual level, showed significant differences between infants/toddlers with ASD and TD. These differences were decreased theta (4-7 Hz), decreased spindles (10-16 Hz), and excessive beta (20-25 Hz) in infants/toddlers with ASD. These features were negatively correlated with performance on the MSEL and VABS and highly associated with ASD symptom severity. These findings suggest an important role of NREM sleep and the associated development of cognitive behavioral skillsets during this important developmental period. These findings provide support for the role of NREM sleep as a potential risk marker for ASD. Yet, more research is needed to further understand the application of a risk marker for research and clinical practice. Summer 2018 2018 Developmental psychology Neurosciences Special education Autism, Development, Infants, NREM, Sleep, Toddlers eng Thesis University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School Degree granting institution Education Flavio Frohlich Thesis advisor Harriet Able Thesis advisor Elizabeth Crais Thesis advisor Peter Ornstein Thesis advisor Sam Odom Thesis advisor text Jessica Page Creator School of Education Characterizing Early Development and NREM Sleep in Infants and Toddlers and Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder Early childhood is characterized by rapid development and pronounced changes in early brain function and learning. Both are thought to be fostered by non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. NREM sleep is characterized by the presence of slow wave activity (SWA) and sleep spindles (10-16 Hz). Both slow waves and sleep spindles exhibit pronounced developmental trajectories and are related to intelligence and general learning traits in school aged children, adults and may be altered in several neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Yet, these features are poorly understood in typically developing (TD) infants/toddlers and those at-risk for ASD. Moreover, it is unclear how these features are associated with outcomes of early development in TD infants/toddlers and those at-risk for ASD. This study aimed to address the following: (1) identify features of NREM sleep in 12-30-month-olds; (2) identify patterns of NREM sleep that are associated with infant/toddler development; (3) identify NREM features differentiating TD and ASD; and (4) examine NREM patterns associated with development in ASD. Using data from the Early Development and Sleep study, data collected during the home visit (measures administered: ADOS-2, MSEL, and VABS) was correlated with high density electroencephalography (hdEEG) nap recordings. The findings illustrated age related changes in delta (.5-2 Hz), theta (4-7 Hz), sleep spindles (10-16 Hz), and beta (20-25 Hz) oscillations in the 12-30-month age span. These frequencies correlated with domain and composite scores on the MSEL and VABS. NREM findings at both the group and individual level, showed significant differences between infants/toddlers with ASD and TD. These differences were decreased theta (4-7 Hz), decreased spindles (10-16 Hz), and excessive beta (20-25 Hz) in infants/toddlers with ASD. These features were negatively correlated with performance on the MSEL and VABS and highly associated with ASD symptom severity. These findings suggest an important role of NREM sleep and the associated development of cognitive behavioral skillsets during this important developmental period. These findings provide support for the role of NREM sleep as a potential risk marker for ASD. Yet, more research is needed to further understand the application of a risk marker for research and clinical practice. Developmental psychology Neurosciences Special education Autism; Development; Infants; NREM; Sleep; Toddlers Masters Thesis University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School Degree granting institution Education Flavio Frohlich Thesis advisor Harriet Able Thesis advisor Elizabeth Crais Thesis advisor Peter Ornstein Thesis advisor Sam Odom Thesis advisor 2018 2018-08 eng text Jessica Page Creator School of Education Early childhood is characterized by rapid development and pronounced changes in early brain function and learning. Both are thought to be fostered by non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. NREM sleep is characterized by the presence of slow wave activity (SWA) and sleep spindles (10-16 Hz). Both slow waves and sleep spindles exhibit pronounced developmental trajectories and are related to intelligence and general learning traits in school aged children, adults and may be altered in several neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Yet, these features are poorly understood in typically developing (TD) infants/toddlers and those at-risk for ASD. Moreover, it is unclear how these features are associated with outcomes of early development in TD infants/toddlers and those at-risk for ASD. This study aimed to address the following: (1) identify features of NREM sleep in 12-30-month-olds; (2) identify patterns of NREM sleep that are associated with infant/toddler development; (3) identify NREM features differentiating TD and ASD; and (4) examine NREM patterns associated with development in ASD. Using data from the Early Development and Sleep study, data collected during the home visit (measures administered: ADOS-2, MSEL, and VABS) was correlated with high density electroencephalography (hdEEG) nap recordings. The findings illustrated age related changes in delta (.5-2 Hz), theta (4-7 Hz), sleep spindles (10-16 Hz), and beta (20-25 Hz) oscillations in the 12-30-month age span. These frequencies correlated with domain and composite scores on the MSEL and VABS. NREM findings at both the group and individual level, showed significant differences between infants/toddlers with ASD and TD. These differences were decreased theta (4-7 Hz), decreased spindles (10-16 Hz), and excessive beta (20-25 Hz) in infants/toddlers with ASD. These features were negatively correlated with performance on the MSEL and VABS and highly associated with ASD symptom severity. These findings suggest an important role of NREM sleep and the associated development of cognitive behavioral skillsets during this important developmental period. These findings provide support for the role of NREM sleep as a potential risk marker for ASD. Yet, more research is needed to further understand the application of a risk marker for research and clinical practice. Developmental psychology Neurosciences Special education Autism; Development; Infants; NREM; Sleep; Toddlers Masters Thesis University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School Degree granting institution Flavio Frohlich Thesis advisor Harriet Able Thesis advisor Elizabeth Crais Thesis advisor Peter Ornstein Thesis advisor Sam Odom Thesis advisor 2018 2018-08 eng text Page_unc_0153D_17989.pdf uuid:99837e87-22f0-4189-9264-089cf1682c9c 2020-08-23T00:00:00 2018-07-13T16:40:56Z proquest application/pdf 4161303