Electrostatic Aerosol In Vitro Exposure System (EAVES) as an Alternative Exposure System for Mixtures of Gases and Particles
Public Deposited- Last Modified
- February 27, 2019
- Creator
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de Bruijne, Kim Maureen
- Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering
- Abstract
- There is increasing interest in examining complex urban air pollution mixtures that include both particulate and gaseous components. Conventional methodologies are unable to expose lung cells in vitro to fine particulate matter (<0.5 micron) directly and efficiently. This research developed a new method using electrostatic precipitation (ESP) for such exposures and was tested with diesel exhaust. The basic concept of electrostatic precipitation is that articles in an air stream can be electrically charged by a variety of methods. Once the particles are charged, the particles can be rapidly removed and deposited from the air stream using an electric field created by an applied high voltage. If the surfaces onto which the particles are deposited are cultured human lung cells, the particles can be rapidly but gently deposited on those surfaces. The ESP tested by this research, achieved an average collection efficiency of 96% for all particles in the measured size range. With no charge applied, the efficiency decreased to 2%. The ESP was modified to hold media and cultured cell inserts, thus human epithelial lung cells were exposed to the particulate in ambient air without a liquid interphase step. The modified device is called the Electrostatic Aerosol in vitro Exposure System (EAVES). Cells exposed to the electric field of the EAVES alone (in clean air) exhibit minimal cytotoxicity (i.e., cell death). Moreover, in these cases, the cellular release of stress-signaling cytokinesis indistinguishable from that of cells maintained in the incubator and used as controls. In contrast, cells exposed to diesel exhaust deposited by the active EAVES system produced a three fold increase in stress cytokines and cytotoxicity compared to the cells in the incubator. This research has demonstrated the ability to expose respiratory epithelial cells directly to particles without prior collection in a separate media, thereby avoiding the possibility of significantly altering the particles' characteristics. These results suggest that the EAVES system can be used to determine the full toxic potential of both gaseous and particulate components of air pollution mixtures.
- Date of publication
- December 2007
- DOI
- Resource type
- Rights statement
- In Copyright
- Advisor
- Jeffries, Harvey E.
- Sexton, Kenneth
- Jaspers, Ilona
- Degree
- Master of Science in Public Health
- Academic concentration
- Aquatic and Atmospheric Sciences
- Degree granting institution
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Graduation year
- 2007
- Language
- Deposit record
- e00f1df6-6c31-41ba-867b-150d86a8c8cb
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