International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: protein and exercise
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Jäger, Ralf, et al. International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Protein and Exercise. BioMed Central, 2017. https://doi.org/10.17615/kabv-7r67APA
Jäger, R., Kerksick, C., Campbell, B., Cribb, P., Wells, S., Skwiat, T., Purpura, M., Ziegenfuss, T., Ferrando, A., Arent, S., Smith Ryan, A., Stout, J., Arciero, P., Ormsbee, M., Taylor, L., Wilborn, C., Kalman, D., Kreider, R., Willoughby, D., Hoffman, J., Krzykowski, J., & Antonio, J. (2017). International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: protein and exercise. BioMed Central. https://doi.org/10.17615/kabv-7r67Chicago
Jäger, Ralf, Chad M Kerksick, Bill I Campbell, Paul J Cribb, Shawn D Wells, Tim M Skwiat, Martin Purpura et al. 2017. International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Protein and Exercise. BioMed Central. https://doi.org/10.17615/kabv-7r67- Creator
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Jäger, Ralf
- Other Affiliation: Increnovo LLC, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Kerksick, Chad M
- Other Affiliation: Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO, USA
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Campbell, Bill I
- Other Affiliation: Performance & Physique Enhancement Laboratory, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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Cribb, Paul J
- Other Affiliation: Metabolic Precision Certifications, Queensland, Australia
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Wells, Shawn D
- Other Affiliation: BioTRUST Nutrition, Irving, TX, USA
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Skwiat, Tim M
- Other Affiliation: BioTRUST Nutrition, Irving, TX, USA
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Purpura, Martin
- Other Affiliation: Increnovo LLC, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Ziegenfuss, Tim N
- Other Affiliation: The Center for Applied Health Sciences, Stow, OH, USA
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Ferrando, Arny A
- Other Affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
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Arent, Shawn M
- Other Affiliation: IFNH Center for Health & Human Performance, Department of Kinesiology & Health, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
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Smith-Ryan, Abbie
- Affiliation: College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Exercise and Sport Science
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Stout, Jeffrey R
- Other Affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
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Arciero, Paul J
- Other Affiliation: Human Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Health and Exercise Sciences Department, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA
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Ormsbee, Michael J
- Other Affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Institute of Sport Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA; Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
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Taylor, Lem W
- Other Affiliation: Human Performance Laboratory, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor UMHB, Belton, TX 76513, USA
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Wilborn, Colin D
- Other Affiliation: Human Performance Laboratory, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor UMHB, Belton, TX 76513, USA
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Kalman, Doug S
- Other Affiliation: Department of Nutrition & Endocrinology, QPS, Miami, FL, USA
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Kreider, Richard B
- Other Affiliation: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab, Human Clinical Research Facility, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Willoughby, Darryn S
- Other Affiliation: Exercise and Biochemical Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
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Hoffman, Jay R
- Other Affiliation: Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
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Krzykowski, Jamie L
- Other Affiliation: Department of Human Movement Sciences, Carroll University, Waukesha, WI, USA
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Antonio, Jose
- Other Affiliation: Department of Health and Human Performance, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL, USA
- Abstract
- Abstract Position statement The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) provides an objective and critical review related to the intake of protein for healthy, exercising individuals. Based on the current available literature, the position of the Society is as follows: 1) An acute exercise stimulus, particularly resistance exercise, and protein ingestion both stimulate muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and are synergistic when protein consumption occurs before or after resistance exercise. 2) For building muscle mass and for maintaining muscle mass through a positive muscle protein balance, an overall daily protein intake in the range of 1.4–2.0 g protein/kg body weight/day (g/kg/d) is sufficient for most exercising individuals, a value that falls in line within the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range published by the Institute of Medicine for protein. 3) Higher protein intakes (2.3–3.1 g/kg/d) may be needed to maximize the retention of lean body mass in resistance-trained subjects during hypocaloric periods. 4) There is novel evidence that suggests higher protein intakes (>3.0 g/kg/d) may have positive effects on body composition in resistance-trained individuals (i.e., promote loss of fat mass). 5) Recommendations regarding the optimal protein intake per serving for athletes to maximize MPS are mixed and are dependent upon age and recent resistance exercise stimuli. General recommendations are 0.25 g of a high-quality protein per kg of body weight, or an absolute dose of 20–40 g. 6) Acute protein doses should strive to contain 700–3000 mg of leucine and/or a higher relative leucine content, in addition to a balanced array of the essential amino acids (EAAs). 7) These protein doses should ideally be evenly distributed, every 3–4 h, across the day. 8) The optimal time period during which to ingest protein is likely a matter of individual tolerance, since benefits are derived from pre- or post-workout ingestion; however, the anabolic effect of exercise is long-lasting (at least 24 h), but likely diminishes with increasing time post-exercise. 9) While it is possible for physically active individuals to obtain their daily protein requirements through the consumption of whole foods, supplementation is a practical way of ensuring intake of adequate protein quality and quantity, while minimizing caloric intake, particularly for athletes who typically complete high volumes of training. 10) Rapidly digested proteins that contain high proportions of essential amino acids (EAAs) and adequate leucine, are most effective in stimulating MPS. 11) Different types and quality of protein can affect amino acid bioavailability following protein supplementation. 12) Athletes should consider focusing on whole food sources of protein that contain all of the EAAs (i.e., it is the EAAs that are required to stimulate MPS). 13) Endurance athletes should focus on achieving adequate carbohydrate intake to promote optimal performance; the addition of protein may help to offset muscle damage and promote recovery. 14) Pre-sleep casein protein intake (30–40 g) provides increases in overnight MPS and metabolic rate without influencing lipolysis.
- Date of publication
- June 20, 2017
- DOI
- Identifier
- Resource type
- Article
- Rights statement
- In Copyright
- Rights holder
- The Author(s).
- Language
- English
- Bibliographic citation
- Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 2017 Jun 20;14(1):20
- Publisher
- BioMed Central
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