PERSONAL UTILITY: EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF GENOMIC RISK KNOWLEDGE ON MOTIVATION TOWARD DIET AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY BEHAVIOR CHANGES
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Skinner, Harlyn. Personal Utility: Examining The Effects Of Genomic Risk Knowledge On Motivation Toward Diet And Physical Activity Behavior Changes. 2017. https://doi.org/10.17615/dq2v-k656APA
Skinner, H. (2017). PERSONAL UTILITY: EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF GENOMIC RISK KNOWLEDGE ON MOTIVATION TOWARD DIET AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY BEHAVIOR CHANGES. https://doi.org/10.17615/dq2v-k656Chicago
Skinner, Harlyn. 2017. Personal Utility: Examining The Effects Of Genomic Risk Knowledge On Motivation Toward Diet And Physical Activity Behavior Changes. https://doi.org/10.17615/dq2v-k656- Last Modified
- March 20, 2019
- Creator
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SKINNER, HARLYN
- Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Nutrition
- Abstract
- The National Institutes of Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have jointly indicated urgency in researching the use of personal genomics in the assessment of disease prevention. One research priority is the use of genomic information in behavior change research for reducing the risk for common chronic disease (e.g., cardiovascular disease—CVD). Research suggests improvements in motivation toward behavior change with counseling based on one gene (genetic counseling) and even better outcomes with counseling based on two or more genes (genomic or polygenetic counseling). Currently, little is known about the effect of genetic or genomic counseling in minority populations. This study examines whether genomic-risk knowledge increases motivation towards diet and physical activity changes to reduce CVD-risk in African-American participants from a rural, low-income county in eastern North Carolina. To meet this goal, we conducted three inter-related research projects. First, focus groups were conducted with African-Americans and Whites to assess community needs and wants regarding a genomics project (n=35). Findings indicated community interest in participation and interest in receiving personalized genomic results. Second, intervention messages on the return of personalized CVD genomic-risk were developed following the principles of The Protection Motivation Theory and Leventhal’s Common Sense Model. Messages were tested within the target population for comprehension and acceptance (n=32). Using a 2-arm randomized controlled trial design, returning CVD genomic results were compared to an attention control group in sixty-two (n=62) African-Americans. The primary outcome was the difference in motivation towards diet and physical activity at 1-month follow-up compared using a general linear regression model. There were no significant between- or within-group results (p=0.51). There was significant within-group moderation by genomic-risk category for the intervention group. Those with low genomic CVD-risk self-reported increased motivation towards diet and physical activity (0.31 ± 0.18, p=0.09), and increased weekly consumption of fruit and vegetables (1.34 ± 0.36, p=0.001). Those with average genomic CVD-risk self-reported less motivation and no change in fruit and vegetable consumption. Findings suggest that genomic-risk knowledge may impact the perceived threat of CVD, but more research needs to be done to better understand the best use for this approach.
- Date of publication
- December 2017
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- Resource type
- Rights statement
- In Copyright
- Advisor
- Ammerman, Alice
- Ward, Dianne
- Samuel-Hodge, Carmen
- Schisler, Jonathan
- Keyserling, Thomas
- Degree
- Doctor of Philosophy
- Degree granting institution
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
- Graduation year
- 2017
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