UNC-Chapel Hill Climate Change Resources // Carolina Digital Repository

Works (784)

131. Projected sea surface temperatures over the 21st century: Changes in the mean, variability and extremes for large marine ecosystem regions of Northern Oceans

Title Tesim:: Projected sea surface temperatures over the 21st century: Changes in the mean, variability and extremes for large marine ecosystem regions of Northern Oceans
Creator:: Thomas, A.C., Mills, K.E., Friedland, K.D., Alexander, M.A., Pershing, A.J., Scott, J.D., and Nye, J.A.
Date of publication:: 2018
Abstract Tesim:: Global climate models were used to assess changes in the mean, variability and extreme sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in northern oceans with a focus on large marine ecosystems (LMEs) adjacent to North America, Europe, and the Arctic Ocean. Results were obtained from 26 models in the Community Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) archive and 30 simulations from the National Center for Atmospheric Research Large Ensemble Community Project (CESM-LENS). All of the simulations used the observed greenhouse gas concentrations for 1976–2005 and the RCP8.5 “business as usual” scenario for greenhouse gases through the remainder of the 21st century. In general, differences between models are substantially larger than among the simulations in the CESM-LENS, indicating that the SST changes are more strongly affected by model formulation than internal climate variability. The annual SST trends over 1976–2099 in the 18 LMEs examined here are all positive ranging from 0.05 to 0.5°C decade–1. SST changes by the end of the 21st century are primarily due to a positive shift in the mean with only modest changes in the variability in most LMEs, resulting in a substantial increase in warm extremes and decrease in cold extremes. The shift in the mean is so large that in many regions SSTs during 2070–2099 will always be warmer than the warmest year during 1976–2005. The SST trends are generally stronger in summer than in winter, as greenhouse gas heating is integrated over a much shallower climatological mixed layer depth in summer than in winter, which amplifies the seasonal cycle of SST over the 21st century. In the Arctic, the mean SST and its variability increases substantially during summer, when it is ice free, but not during winter when a thin layer of ice reforms and SSTs remain near the freezing point.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Institute of Marine Sciences
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/3myh-s005
Edition:: Publisher
Identifier:: https://dx.doi.org/10.1525/elementa.191
ISSN:: 2325-1026
Journal Title:: Elementa
Journal Volume:: 6
Keyword:: Climate change, Extremes, Sea surface temperature, Mixed layer depth, Marine ecosystems, and Global climate models
Language Label:: English
License Label:: Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:: University of Maine, Gulf of Maine Research Institute, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory, and Stony Brook University
Person:: Thomas, A.C., Mills, K.E., Friedland, K.D., Alexander, M.A., Pershing, A.J., Scott, J.D., and Nye, J.A.
Publisher:: University of California Press
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright
Source:: janet_nye_13

132. Observational Needs Supporting Marine Ecosystems Modeling and Forecasting: From the Global Ocean to Regional and Coastal Systems

Title Tesim:: Observational Needs Supporting Marine Ecosystems Modeling and Forecasting: From the Global Ocean to Regional and Coastal Systems
Creator:: Pozo Buil, M., Nye, J.A., Cheng, W., Guidi, L., Kavanaugh, M., Lehodey, P.,, Pirhalla, D., Bowler, C., Subramanian, A., Barrie, D., Not, F., Capotondi, A., Dias, D.F., Di Lorenzo, E., Jacox, M., Merrifield, M., Ortiz, I., Saba, V., Hermann, A.J., Iudicone, D., Pesant, S., Sheridan, S., Joyce, T., Chaffron, S., Brodie, S., Miller, A.J., Doney, S.C., Eveillard, D., de Vargas, C., Lovenduski, N.S., and Siedlecki, S.
Date of publication:: 2019
Abstract Tesim:: Many coastal areas host rich marine ecosystems and are also centers of economic activities, including fishing, shipping and recreation. Due to the socioeconomic and ecological importance of these areas, predicting relevant indicators of the ecosystem state on sub-seasonal to interannual timescales is gaining increasing attention. Depending on the application, forecasts may be sought for variables and indicators spanning physics (e.g., sea level, temperature, currents), chemistry (e.g., nutrients, oxygen, pH), and biology (from viruses to top predators). Many components of the marine ecosystem are known to be influenced by leading modes of climate variability, which provide a physical basis for predictability. However, prediction capabilities remain limited by the lack of a clear understanding of the physical and biological processes involved, as well as by insufficient observations for forecast initialization and verification. The situation is further complicated by the influence of climate change on ocean conditions along coastal areas, including sea level rise, increased stratification, and shoaling of oxygen minimum zones. Observations are thus vital to all aspects of marine forecasting: statistical and/or dynamical model development, forecast initialization, and forecast validation, each of which has different observational requirements, which may be also specific to the study region. Here, we use examples from United States (U.S.) coastal applications to identify and describe the key requirements for an observational network that is needed to facilitate improved process understanding, as well as for sustaining operational ecosystem forecasting. We also describe new holistic observational approaches, e.g., approaches based on acoustics, inspired by Tara Oceans or by landscape ecology, which have the potential to support and expand ecosystem modeling and forecasting activities by bridging global and local observations.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Institute of Marine Sciences
Type:: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/8bwe-h955
Edition:: Publisher
Identifier:: https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00623
ISSN:: 2296-7745
Journal Title:: Frontiers in Marine Science
Journal Volume:: 6
Keyword:: marine ecosystems, acoustics, genetics, modeling and forecasting, and seascapes
Language Label:: English
License Label:: Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:: University of California, Santa Cruz, Stony Brook University, University of Washington, Sorbonne Université, Oregon State University, Collecte Localisation Satellites, NOAA/NOS/NCCOS, Université PSL, University of Colorado Boulder, NOAA Climate Program Office, University of California, San Diego, Georgia Institute of Technology, Princeton University, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, University of Bremen, Kent State University, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Université de Nantes, University of Virginia, and University of Connecticut
Person:: Pozo Buil, M., Nye, J.A., Cheng, W., Guidi, L., Kavanaugh, M., Lehodey, P.,, Pirhalla, D., Bowler, C., Subramanian, A., Barrie, D., Not, F., Capotondi, A., Dias, D.F., Di Lorenzo, E., Jacox, M., Merrifield, M., Ortiz, I., Saba, V., Hermann, A.J., Iudicone, D., Pesant, S., Sheridan, S., Joyce, T., Chaffron, S., Brodie, S., Miller, A.J., Doney, S.C., Eveillard, D., de Vargas, C., Lovenduski, N.S., and Siedlecki, S.
Publisher:: Frontiers Media S.A.
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright
Source:: janet_nye_12

133. Effects of coastal acidification on North Atlantic bivalves: Interpreting laboratory responses in the context of in situ populations

Title Tesim:: Effects of coastal acidification on North Atlantic bivalves: Interpreting laboratory responses in the context of in situ populations
Creator:: Nye, J.A., Grear, J.S., O'Leary, C.A., Gobler, C.J., and Tettelbach, S.T.
Date of publication:: 2020
Abstract Tesim:: Experimental exposure of early life stage bivalves has documented negative effects of elevated pCO2 on survival and growth, but the population consequences of these effects are unknown. We substituted laboratory responses into baseline population models of northern quahog Mercenaria mercenaria and bay scallop Argopecten irradians. The models were constructed using inverse demography with time series of size-structured field data from New York, USA, whereas the stress-response relationships were developed using data from published laboratory studies. We used stochastic projections and diffusion approximations of extinction probability to estimate cumulative risk of 50% population decline during 5 yr projections at pCO2 levels of 400, 800, and 1200 μatm. Although the A. irradians field population exhibited higher growth (12% yr-1) than the declining M. mercenaria population (-8% yr-1), cumulative risk was higher due to variance in the stochastic growth rate estimate (log λs = -0.02, σ2 = 0.24). This 5 yr risk increased from 56% at 400 μatm to 99 and >99% at 800 and 1200 μatm, respectively. For M. mercenaria (log λs = -0.09, σ2 = 0.01), 5 yr risk was 25, 79, and 97% at 400, 800, and 1200 μatm, respectively. These estimates could be improved with detailed consideration of harvest, disease, restocking, compensatory re sponses, and interactions between these and other effects. However, results clearly indicate that early life stage responses to plausible levels of pCO2 enrichment have the potential to cause significant increases in risk to these marine bivalve populations.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Institute of Marine Sciences
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/7bpg-6n33
Edition:: Postprint
Identifier:: https://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13140
ISSN:: 0171-8630
Journal Title:: Marine Ecology Progress Series
Journal Volume:: 633
Keyword:: Ocean acidification, Inverse demography, Bivalves, Matrix model, Population, and Coastal acidification
Language Label:: English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:: Stony Brook University, US Environmental Protection Agency, and Long Island University
Page End:: 104
Page Start:: 89
Person:: Nye, J.A., Grear, J.S., O'Leary, C.A., Gobler, C.J., and Tettelbach, S.T.
Publisher:: Inter-Research
Source:: janet_nye_10

134. A Review of River Herring Science in Support of Species Conservation and Ecosystem Restoration

Title Tesim:: A Review of River Herring Science in Support of Species Conservation and Ecosystem Restoration
Creator:: Alexander, M.A., McDermott, S., Schultz, E.T., McCrary, R., Bailey, M.M., Starks, C., Kerns, T., Scott, J.D., Hare, J.A., Bowden, A.A., Sullivan, K., Borggaard, D.L., Didden, J.T., Tooley, M.B., Nye, J.A., Damon-Randall, K., Pierce, J., and Hasselman, D.J.
Date of publication:: 2021
Abstract Tesim:: River herring—a collective name for the Alewife Alosa pseudoharengus and Blueback Herring A. aestivalis—play a crucial role in freshwater and marine ecosystems along the Eastern Seaboard of North America. River herring are anadromous and return to freshwater habitats in the tens to hundreds of millions to spawn, supplying food to many species and providing nutrients to freshwater ecosystems. After two and a half centuries of habitat loss, habitat degradation, and overfishing, river herring are at historic lows. In 2013, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries established the Technical Expert Working Group (TEWG) to synthesize information about river herring and to provide recommendations to advance the science related to their restoration. This paper was composed largely by the chairs of the TEWG subgroups and represents a review of the current state of knowledge of river herring, with an emphasis on identification of threats and discussion of recent research and management actions related to understanding and reducing these threats. Important research needs are then identified and discussed. Finally, current knowledge is synthesized, considering the relative importance of different threats. This synthesis identifies dam removal and increased stream connectivity as critical to river herring restoration. Better understanding and accounting for predation, climate change, and fisheries are also important for restoration. Finally, there is recent evidence that the effects of human development and contamination on habitat quality may be more important threats than previously recognized. Given the range of threats, an ecosystem approach is needed to be successful with river herring restoration. To facilitate this ecosystem approach, collaborative forums such as the TEWG (renamed the Atlantic Coast River Herring Collaborative Forum in 2020) are needed to share and synthesize information among river herring managers, researchers, and community groups from across the species’ range.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Institute of Marine Sciences
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/44h6-jy21
Edition:: Publisher
Identifier:: https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10174
ISSN:: 1942-5120
Journal Issue:: 6
Journal Title:: Marine and Coastal Fisheries
Journal Volume:: 13
Language Label:: English
License Label:: Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries, University of Connecticut, National Center for Atmospheric Research, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission, University of Colorado Boulder, The Nature Conservancy, New Hampshire Fish and Game Department, Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council, O'Hara Corporation, , Alewife Harvesters of Maine, and Fundy Ocean Research Center for Energy
Page End:: 664
Page Start:: 627
Person:: Alexander, M.A., McDermott, S., Schultz, E.T., McCrary, R., Bailey, M.M., Starks, C., Kerns, T., Scott, J.D., Hare, J.A., Bowden, A.A., Sullivan, K., Borggaard, D.L., Didden, J.T., Tooley, M.B., Nye, J.A., Damon-Randall, K., Pierce, J., and Hasselman, D.J.
Publisher:: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Source:: janet_nye_4

135. Population level differences in overwintering survivorship of blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus): A caution on extrapolating climate sensitivities along latitudinal gradients

Title Tesim:: Population level differences in overwintering survivorship of blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus): A caution on extrapolating climate sensitivities along latitudinal gradients
Creator:: Molina, A.I., Nye, J.A., and Cerrato, R.M.
Date of publication:: 2021
Abstract Tesim:: Winter mortality can strongly affect the population dynamics of blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) near poleward range limits. We simulated winter in the lab to test the effects of temperature, salinity, and estuary of origin on blue crab winter mortality over three years using a broad range of crab sizes from both Great South Bay and Chesapeake Bay. We fit accelerated failure time models to our data and to data from prior blue crab winter mortality experiments, illustrating that, in a widely distributed, commercially valuable marine decapod, temperature, salinity, size, estuary of origin, and winter duration were important predictors of winter mortality. Furthermore, our results suggest that extrapolation of a Chesapeake Bay based survivorship model to crabs from New York estuaries yielded poor fits. As such, the severity and duration of winter can impact northern blue crab populations differently along latitudinal gradients. In the context of climate change, future warming could possibility confer a benefit to crab populations near the range edge that are currently limited by temperature- induced winter mortality by shifting their range edge poleward, but care must be taken in generalizing from models that are developed based on populations from one part of the range to populations near the edges, especially for species that occupy large geographical areas.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/xpmc-3c46
Edition:: Publisher
Identifier:: https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257569
ISSN:: 1932-6203
Journal Issue:: 9-Sep
Journal Title:: PLoS ONE
Journal Volume:: 16
Keyword:: Estuaries, Male, Temperature, Salinity, Animals, Population Dynamics, Seasons, Female, Brachyura, and New York
Language Label:: English
License Label:: Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:: Stony Brook University and
Person:: Molina, A.I., Nye, J.A., and Cerrato, R.M.
Publisher:: Public Library of Science
Source:: janet_nye_3

136. Trait-mediated shifts and climate velocity decouple an endothermic marine predator and its ectothermic prey

Title Tesim:: Trait-mediated shifts and climate velocity decouple an endothermic marine predator and its ectothermic prey
Creator:: Thorne, L.H. and Nye, J.A.
Date of publication:: 2021
Abstract Tesim:: Climate change is redistributing biodiversity globally and distributional shifts have been found to follow local climate velocities. It is largely assumed that marine endotherms such as cetaceans might shift more slowly than ectotherms in response to warming and would primarily follow changes in prey, but distributional shifts in cetaceans are difficult to quantify. Here we use data from fisheries bycatch and strandings to examine changes in the distribution of long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melas), and assess shifts in pilot whales and their prey relative to climate velocity in a rapidly warming region of the Northwest Atlantic. We found a poleward shift in pilot whale distribution that exceeded climate velocity and occurred at more than three times the rate of fish and invertebrate prey species. Fish and invertebrates shifted at rates equal to or slower than expected based on climate velocity, with more slowly shifting species moving to deeper waters. We suggest that traits such as mobility, diet specialization, and thermoregulatory strategy are central to understanding and anticipating range shifts. Our findings highlight the potential for trait-mediated climate shifts to decouple relationships between endothermic cetaceans and their ectothermic prey, which has important implications for marine food web dynamics and ecosystem stability.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Institute of Marine Sciences
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/sn04-q991
Edition:: Publisher
Identifier:: https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97318-z
ISSN:: 2045-2322
Journal Issue:: 1
Journal Title:: Scientific Reports
Journal Volume:: 11
Language Label:: English
License Label:: Attribution 4.0 International
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:: Stony Brook University and
Person:: Thorne, L.H. and Nye, J.A.
Publisher:: Nature Research
Source:: janet_nye_2

137. Poleward bound: adapting to climate-driven species redistribution

Title Tesim:: Poleward bound: adapting to climate-driven species redistribution
Creator:: Fogarty, H.E., Trebilco, R., Villanueva, C., Hobday, A.J., Oellermann, M., Melbourne-Thomas, J., Watson, R.A., Hunt, H.L., van Putten, I., Pecl, G.T., McCormack, P.C., Mustonen, K., Cresswell, K.A., Haward, M., Nye, J.A., Audzijonyte, A., Ling, S.D., Mustonen, T., and Brasier, M.J.
Date of publication:: 2022
Abstract Tesim:: One of the most pronounced effects of climate change on the world’s oceans is the (generally) poleward movement of species and fishery stocks in response to increasing water temperatures. In some regions, such redistributions are already causing dramatic shifts in marine socioecological systems, profoundly altering ecosystem structure and function, challenging domestic and international fisheries, and impacting on human communities. Such effects are expected to become increasingly widespread as waters continue to warm and species ranges continue to shift. Actions taken over the coming decade (2021–2030) can help us adapt to species redistributions and minimise negative impacts on ecosystems and human communities, achieving a more sustainable future in the face of ecosystem change. We describe key drivers related to climate-driven species redistributions that are likely to have a high impact and influence on whether a sustainable future is achievable by 2030. We posit two different futures—a ‘business as usual’ future and a technically achievable and more sustainable future, aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals. We then identify concrete actions that provide a pathway towards the more sustainable 2030 and that acknowledge and include Indigenous perspectives. Achieving this sustainable future will depend on improved monitoring and detection, and on adaptive, cooperative management to proactively respond to the challenge of species redistribution. We synthesise examples of such actions as the basis of a strategic approach to tackle this global-scale challenge for the benefit of humanity and ecosystems.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Institute of Marine Sciences
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/9et5-cf73
Identifier:: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11160-021-09641-3
ISSN:: 0960-3166
Journal Issue:: 1
Journal Title:: Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries
Journal Volume:: 32
Keyword:: Indigenous knowledge, Climate change, Interdisciplinary, Future seas, Species redistribution, and Range shifts
Language Label:: English
ORCID:
Other Affiliation:: University of Tasmania, University of New Brunswick, Snowchange Cooperative, and
Page End:: 251
Page Start:: 231
Person:: Fogarty, H.E., Trebilco, R., Villanueva, C., Hobday, A.J., Oellermann, M., Melbourne-Thomas, J., Watson, R.A., Hunt, H.L., van Putten, I., Pecl, G.T., McCormack, P.C., Mustonen, K., Cresswell, K.A., Haward, M., Nye, J.A., Audzijonyte, A., Ling, S.D., Mustonen, T., and Brasier, M.J.
Publisher:: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Source:: janet_nye_1

138. The Marine Microbial Eukaryote Transcriptome Sequencing Project (MMETSP): Illuminating the Functional Diversity of Eukaryotic Life in the Oceans through Transcriptome Sequencing

Title Tesim:: The Marine Microbial Eukaryote Transcriptome Sequencing Project (MMETSP): Illuminating the Functional Diversity of Eukaryotic Life in the Oceans through Transcriptome Sequencing
Creator:: Beszteri, B., Palenik, B., Twary, S.N., Jacobi, J.L., Smith, S.R., McManus, G., Kamp, A., Bell, C.J., Lin, S., Nagai, S., Schroeder, D.C., Wheeler, G.L., Bidle, K.D., Nedelcu, A.M., Kudryavtsev, A., Katz, L.A., Simpson, A.G.B., Miceli, C., Montresor, M., , Naples, Italy, Burki, F., Menden-Deuer, S., Xu, Y., Campbell, L., Dyhrman, S.T., Slamovits, C.H., Davy, S.K., Wilcox, H.M., Bharti, A.K., Nadathur, G., Smith, G.J., Zingone, A., Leander, B.S., Petroni, G., Wawrik, B., Rengefors, K., Allen, E.E., James, E.R., Armbrust, E.V., Collier, J.L., Kiene, R., Rumpho, M.E., Smith, D.R., Piganeau, G., John, U., Romano, G., Lynn, D., Greenwood, S.J., Allam, B., Amaral-Zettler, L.A., Moran, M.A., Rynearson, T., Cameron, C.T., Pawlowski, J., Sosik, H.M., Umale, P.E., Lovejoy, C., Cattolico, R.A., Edvardsen, B., Mock, T., Coyne, K., Archibald, J.M., Murray, S., Keeling, P.J., Stief, P., Theriot, E., Vaulot, D., Marchetti, A., Johnson, M.D., Caron, D.A., Posewitz, M.C., Gates, R.D., Worden, A.Z., Jakobsen, K.S., Jenkins, B., Ngam, P.B., Guida, S.M., Wilson, W.H., Juhl, A.R., Schilling, K.B., Deschamps, P., and Gobler, C.J.
Date of publication:: 2014
Abstract Tesim:: Microbial ecology is plagued by problems of an abstract nature. Cell sizes are so small and population sizes so large that both are virtually incomprehensible. Niches are so far from our everyday experience as to make their very definition elusive. Organisms that may be abundant and critical to our survival are little understood, seldom described and/or cultured, and sometimes yet to be even seen. One way to confront these problems is to use data of an even more abstract nature: molecular sequence data. Massive environmental nucleic acid sequencing, such as metagenomics or metatranscriptomics, promises functional analysis of microbial communities as a whole, without prior knowledge of which organisms are in the environment or exactly how they are interacting. But sequence-based ecological studies nearly always use a comparative approach, and that requires relevant reference sequences, which are an extremely limited resource when it comes to microbial eukaryotes.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Department of Marine Sciences
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/cc6r-9c49
Edition:: Publisher
Identifier:: https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001889
ISSN:: 1544-9173
Journal Issue:: 6
Journal Title:: PLoS Biology
Journal Volume:: 12
Keyword:: Transcriptome, Biodiversity, Environmental Microbiology, Oceans and Seas, Databases, Factual, Sequence Analysis, Molecular Sequence Data, and Eukaryota
Language Label:: English
License Label:: CC0 1.0 Universal
Other Affiliation:: Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, University of California, San Diego, Los Alamos National Laboratory, National Center for Genome Resources, University of Connecticut, Jacobs University Bremen, National Research Institute of Fisheries Science,, The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Rutgers University, University of New Brunswick, University of Geneva, Smith College, Dalhousie University, University of Camerino, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, University of British Columbia, University of Rhode Island, Princeton University, Texas A and M University, Columbia University, Victoria University of Wellington, Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, University of Pisa, University of Oklahoma, Lund University, University of Washington, Stony Brook University, University of South Alabama, University of Western Ontario, Sorbonne Universités, University of Prince Edward Island, Brown University, University of Georgia, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Université Laval, University of Oslo, University of East Anglia, University of Delaware, University of Technology, Sydney, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, University of Texas, Austin, Station Biologique, University of Southern California, Colorado School of Mines, University of Hawaii, Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, and Université Paris-Sud
Person:: Beszteri, B., Palenik, B., Twary, S.N., Jacobi, J.L., Smith, S.R., McManus, G., Kamp, A., Bell, C.J., Lin, S., Nagai, S., Schroeder, D.C., Wheeler, G.L., Bidle, K.D., Nedelcu, A.M., Kudryavtsev, A., Katz, L.A., Simpson, A.G.B., Miceli, C., Montresor, M., , Naples, Italy, Burki, F., Menden-Deuer, S., Xu, Y., Campbell, L., Dyhrman, S.T., Slamovits, C.H., Davy, S.K., Wilcox, H.M., Bharti, A.K., Nadathur, G., Smith, G.J., Zingone, A., Leander, B.S., Petroni, G., Wawrik, B., Rengefors, K., Allen, E.E., James, E.R., Armbrust, E.V., Collier, J.L., Kiene, R., Rumpho, M.E., Smith, D.R., Piganeau, G., John, U., Romano, G., Lynn, D., Greenwood, S.J., Allam, B., Amaral-Zettler, L.A., Moran, M.A., Rynearson, T., Cameron, C.T., Pawlowski, J., Sosik, H.M., Umale, P.E., Lovejoy, C., Cattolico, R.A., Edvardsen, B., Mock, T., Coyne, K., Archibald, J.M., Murray, S., Keeling, P.J., Stief, P., Theriot, E., Vaulot, D., Marchetti, A., Johnson, M.D., Caron, D.A., Posewitz, M.C., Gates, R.D., Worden, A.Z., Jakobsen, K.S., Jenkins, B., Ngam, P.B., Guida, S.M., Wilson, W.H., Juhl, A.R., Schilling, K.B., Deschamps, P., and Gobler, C.J.
Publisher:: Public Library of Science
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright
Source:: adrian_marchetti_32

139. Thermal and pCO2 stress elicit divergent transcriptomic responses in a resilient coral

Title Tesim:: Thermal and pCO2 stress elicit divergent transcriptomic responses in a resilient coral
Creator:: Ries, J.B., Davies, S.W., Marchetti, A., and Castillo, K.D.
Date of publication:: 2016
Abstract Tesim:: The oceans are becoming warmer and more acidic as a result of rising atmospheric pCO2. Transcriptome plasticity may facilitate marine organisms' acclimation to thermal and acidification stress by tailoring gene expression to mitigate the impacts of these stressors. Here, we produce the first transcriptome of the abundant, ubiquitous, and resilient Caribbean reef-building coral Siderastrea siderea, and investigate this corals' transcriptomic response to 95 days of thermal (T = 25, 28, 32°C) and CO2-induced acidification (324, 477, 604, 2553 μatm) stress. The S. siderea transcriptome was assembled using RNAseq and then Weighted Gene Correlation Network Analysis was employed to obtain systems-level insights into the coral's stress response. Exposure of the coral to both elevated temperature and acidification elicited strong but divergent transcriptomic responses. Gene Ontology analysis suggests that long-term thermal stress disrupts homeostasis by increasing transcription of protein-coding genes associated with protein catabolism and suppressing transcription of genes involved in responding to environmental stimuli. Both next century (604 μatm) and extreme-high (2553 μatm) pCO2 stress increased transcription of genes associated with respiration, highlighting the potentially greater energetic requirements of maintaining calcification under high-pCO2 conditions. Under extreme-high-pCO2, increased transcription of H+-transporter genes was observed, consistent with the proposed role of proton transport in facilitating coral calcification under elevated pCO2. These results suggest that 95 days of exposure to 32°C seawater elicits a more adverse transcriptomic response (i.e., broad scale reductions in gene expression) than exposure to extreme-high acidification (2553 μatm; i.e., increased expression of genes associated with ion transport) within S. siderea-with the response to extreme warming suggesting cellular shutdown and the response to extreme acidification indicating capacity for acclimation. These results are consistent with the observation that rates of net calcification for the investigated corals were more negatively affected by the prescribed thermal stress than by the prescribed acidification stress. This study demonstrates how transcriptome plasticity may promote coral acclimation to these global change stressors, but that there are limits to the efficacy of this plasticity.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Department of Marine Sciences
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/edak-0r54
Edition:: Publisher
Identifier:: https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2016.00112
ISSN:: 2296-7745
Journal Issue:: JUN
Journal Title:: Frontiers in Marine Science
Journal Volume:: 3
Keyword:: Coral, Climate change, Proton pump, Transcriptome, Thermal stress, Siderastrea siderea, Ocean acidification, and WGCNA
Language Label:: English
License Label:: Attributon 4.0 International
Other Affiliation:: Northeastern University
Person:: Ries, J.B., Davies, S.W., Marchetti, A., and Castillo, K.D.
Publisher:: Frontiers Media S. A
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright
Source:: adrian_marchetti_31

140. Symbiodinium functional diversity in the Coral Siderastrea siderea Is influenced by thermal stress and reef environment, but not ocean acidification

Title Tesim:: Symbiodinium functional diversity in the Coral Siderastrea siderea Is influenced by thermal stress and reef environment, but not ocean acidification
Creator:: Ries, J.B., Davies, S.W., Marchetti, A., and Castillo, K.D.
Date of publication:: 2018
Abstract Tesim:: Coral bleaching events are increasing in frequency, demanding examination of the physiological and molecular responses of scleractinian corals and their algal symbionts (Symbiodinium sp.) to stressors associated with bleaching. Here, we quantify the effects of long-term (95-day) thermal and CO2-acidification stress on photochemical efficiency of in hospite Symbiodinium within the coral Siderastrea siderea, along with corresponding coral color intensity, for corals from two reef zones (forereef, nearshore) on the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System. We then explore the molecular responses of in hospite Symbiodinium to these stressors via genome-wide gene expression profiling. Elevated temperatures reduced symbiont photochemical efficiencies and were highly correlated with coral color loss. However, photochemical efficiencies of forereef symbionts were more negatively affected by thermal stress than nearshore symbionts, suggesting greater thermal tolerance and/or reduced photodamage in nearshore corals. At control temperatures, CO2-acidification had little effect on symbiont physiology, although forereef symbionts exhibited constitutively higher photochemical efficiencies than nearshore symbionts. Gene expression profiling revealed that S. siderea were dominated by Symbiodinium goreaui (C1), except under thermal stress, which caused shifts to thermotolerant Symbiodinium trenchii (D1a). Comparative transcriptomics of conserved genes across the host and symbiont revealed few differentially expressed S. goreaui genes when compared to S. siderea, highlighting the host's role in the coral's response to environmental stress. Although S. goreaui transcriptomes did not vary in response to acidification stress, their gene expression was strongly dependent on reef zone, with forereef S. goreaui exhibiting enrichment of genes associated with photosynthesis. This finding, coupled with constitutively higher forereef S. goreaui photochemical efficiencies, suggests that functional differences in genes associated with primary production exist between reef zones.
Resource type:: Article
Affiliation Label Tesim:: Department of Marine Sciences
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.17615/dsxd-jv93
Edition:: Publisher
Identifier:: https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00150
ISSN:: 2296-7745
Journal Issue:: APR
Journal Title:: Frontiers in Marine Science
Journal Volume:: 5
Keyword:: Thermal tolerance, Coral, Thermal stress, Symbiodinium, Climate change, Transcriptomics, and Ocean acidification
Language Label:: English
License Label:: Attributon 4.0 International
Other Affiliation:: Northeastern University
Person:: Ries, J.B., Davies, S.W., Marchetti, A., and Castillo, K.D.
Publisher:: Frontiers Media S. A
Rights Statement Label:: In Copyright
Source:: adrian_marchetti_18

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